THE EFFECT OF APPLYING

NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT)

TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS
ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING
PROCEDURE TEXT

Brought to you by :
PUJI L. SIBURIAN

Chapter I - Introduction
Writing as one of the four skills of
listening, speaking, reading, and
writing, has always formed part of the
syllabus in the teaching of English.
However, it can be used for a variety
of purposes, ranging from being
merely a backup for grammar
teaching to a major syllabus strand in
its own right, where mastering the
ability to write effectively is seen as a
key objective for learners.

The Problem
Of The Study

The
Objective
of the
Study

The Scope
of the
Study

The
Significant
of the
Study

Does the application of Numbered Heads

Together technique significantly affect the
students achievement in writing procedure
exts?

The Problem
Of The Study

The
Objective
of the
Study

The Scope
of the
Study

The
Significant
of the
Study

he objective of the study is to find out whethe

he Numbered Heads Together technique affect
he students achievement in
riting procedure texts.

The Problem
Of The Study

The
Objective
of the
Study

The Scope
of the
Study

The
Significant
of the
Study

e study focuses on the application of the

umbered Heads Together technique on studen
iting achievement but because there are man
nre texts, the writer focuses in procedure tex

The Problem
Of The Study

The
Objective
of the
Study

The Scope
of the
Study

The
Significant
of the
Study

e result of the study both practically and theoretically are:

This research will be useful for teachers and
students,
in order to help them in teaching-learning process,
and to
make the students more interested in studying
English.
The result of the research can be used as the
reference for those who want to conduct a research
in English teaching-learning process.
The result of the study can be used as input in
English teaching

Chapter II - Review Of
Literature
Writing

Writing is a process of putting thought

r ideas in words that are combined to sentenc
n paragraphs. Before doing and making a good
writing students need to gather much informat
y listening to other people, doing discussion
with others, and reading many books.

The
Process of
Writing
The
Measuremen
t of Writing
Competence
The Purpose
of Writing

Genre In
Writing
Spoof
Recounts
Reports
Analytical Exposition
News Item
Anecdote
Narrative
Procedure
Description
Hortatory Exposition
Explanation
Discussion
Review

Procedure
Text

ure text is to provide information to others about the

edures in completing a task or problem.

s is a text containing four components, like: goal, mat

nd re-orientation or optional by which a writer describ
mething is accomplished through a sequence of action
he goal is to describe how something is accomplished
al deals with the thing needed in the case being discu

Processes of Teaching
and Learning
Approach

pproach refers to theories about nature of

nguage and language learning that serve as
he source of practices and principles in language teach

Method

Method is a generalized set of classroom specification

ccomplishing linguistic objectives.

Technique

chnique is implementational, meaning that a

chnique is something that actually takes place in lang
aching or learning in the classroom.

Procedure
Procedure is a procedure is an ordered
sequence of techniques.
For example, a popular dictation procedure
stars when students
are put in small groups. Each group then sends
one representative
to the front of the class to read the first line of
a poem which
has been placed on a desk there. Each student
then goes back to
their respective group and dictates that line.
Each group then
sends a second student up to read the second
line. The
procedure continues until one group has

Cooperative
Learning
ative is one type of peer-mediated instruction that involves

heterogeneous groups of students working together in a

mpetitive manner to maximize their own and others learning,

riety of Cooperative Learning

Jigsaw
Students Teams-Achievement
Divisions
Teams, games, tournaments
Team-assisted Individualization
Cooperative Integrated Reading
and Composition
Numbered Heads Together
Think-pair-share
Expectation training

Numbered Heads Together

Technique
ed Heads Together (NHT) is another instructional technique desi

ely engage more pupils during lessons and, thereby, improve

ademic performance.

The Advantages of Numbered

Heads
Together
mbered
Heads
Together has the advantages

ider to help the students are ready to give the solution to each
ion or problem which given.
he students can do the discussion with intensively. They can
idea, felling, and though without any authority from the other.
ethod gives the possibility to students to know his progress bas
s ability.
udents who can do the test can teach the other friend in
ng the solution.
nt becomes more actively involved in the learning process.
arning focused on the learner-centered in which between
ent work in group and teacher participate each other to solve the
acher feels more freedom in the instructional process.

Conceptual
Framework
Dependent
Dependent
Variable
Variable

Technique
Technique in
in teaching
teaching writing
writing

Jigsaw
STAD
TGT
TAI
CIRC

Writin
g Text

NHT
TPS
ET

Hypothesis

here is a significant effect of using Numbered

ads Together Technique on students achievem
writing procedure text.

Chapter III - Research Methodology

Instrument for Collecting
Data
This research use quantitative
method. In this
research The writer will apply
Experimental research, where
there are two groups, one Call
experimental group that will be
taught by NHT technique and
another one call control group
that will be taught without using
NHT technique.

Time and Place of

Study

study will be conducted at SMP Negeri 10 Medan.

school is located at Jl. Jamin Ginting Km 2,5
ang bulan.

Population and
sample
opulation
of this research is the eight year classes of

ri 10 Medan. There are nine parallel classes. Each clas

sted of 35 students. The total number of the students
tudents. The sample will be selected by using random
ling technique. two classes of eleven classes are selec
mple. the first are as the experimental group VIII F an
econd are the control group VIII G.

Instrument for
Collecting Data

collect data, the writing test will be given to

e students.

The Procedure of the

Research Instrument for Collecting Data
esearch procedure is started by giving pre-test to the

ents. After giving the score of the students in pre-test

r will give treatment to the students in order to affec
e in pre-test. The procedure of giving treatment will b
ed by giving NHT technique on experimental group an
out using NHT technique on control group.

Pre- test

The experimental and control group are given pre-tes

before treatment. The teacher asks the students to
write a procedure text based on the topic. The functio
of the pre-test is to know the mean scores of experim
and control group as correctly as possible.

Treatment
Teaching of experimental Group

The treatment is conducted after the administration

the pre-test. There are two groups include in this res
the experimental group is teach by using Numbered
Together and control group with explanation.

Teaching of Control Group

The control group will be taught
without using
Numbered Heads Together.

Post-test

After teaching presentation, both experimental

and control group is tested by giving a post test.

Scoring the
Test
score
the students performance in procedure

ting, some criteria are used. The researcher

give the cumulative scores ranging from 0-100. So, fo
components students are getting 100.

The Validaty of
the Test
concept of validity that is concern with meaning and t

pretation of the score obtain in the terms of the

retical construct. It is to measure the writing achievem
will establish by the topic based on the streaming of t
ts are provided by the researcher.

The Reliability of
the
Test
e test of reliability is another important test of sound

asurement. The reliability of a measuring instrument

degree of consistency with which it measures whatev
s measuring,

The Technique of
Analyzing Data
m the data, a calculation is make to find out whether t

odel was absolutely helpful in writing procedure text

rder to see and to test whether the mean of two group
ificant or not, the most common instrument used was

Spearman-Brown prophecy formula

In which

: estimated
reliability of the
entire test

: pearson r correlation between

the two halves

The Technique of
Analyzing
Data is make to find out whether th
the
data, a calculation

of model was absolutely helpful in writing procedure t

t. In order to see and to test whether the mean of two
ps was significant or not, the most common instrumen
was t-test:

Where :

t : t-tes

: the Mean of experimental group

: the mean of control group

: sum of the squared deviation scores in group

: sum of the squared deviation scores in group

: the sample of experimental group
: the sample of control group.

Chapter IV THE DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS

The Data
From the data were collected the
highest and the lowest pre-test in
experimental group was 65 and 43
while post-test 90 and 60 whereas in
control group, the highest and the
lowest score of pre-test were 61 and
40 while in post test were 70 and 50.

Reability of the Test

To obtain the reability of the test, the researcher
used Spearman-Brown as follows:
XY = 112481
X = 1542
Y = 2181
= 80450
= 155273
N = 30

By the calculation, it was known that the

reliability of the test is 0.31

Testing Hyphothesis
Mx = 20.63 ith df 58
w
)
5
0
.
=
p
8
(
5
My
= 8.63
e
f
l
d
b
a
h
t
t
i
t
w
>
)
s
5
b
0
.
o
t
== 1606.7
p
(
0
0
.
2
>
= 277.49
7 .9 5
NX = 30
NY = 30

The result
of
By the calculation, it was known
computing
t-test of the test is 7.95.
that the reliability
shows that tobserved (t-obs)
is higher than t-

Probability
Degrees of freedom (df)
.1

.05

.01

.001

6.314

12.706

63.657

636.619

2.920

4.303

9.925

31.598

2.353

3.182

5.841

12.924

21.312

2.776

4604

8.610

2.015

2.571

4.032

6.869

1.943

2.447

3.707

5.959

1.895

2.365

3.499

5.408

1.860

2.306

3.355

5.041

1.833

2.262

3.250

4.781

10

1.812

2.228

3.169

4.587

40

1.684

2.021

2.704

3.551

60

1.671

2.000

2.660

3.460

61

1.670

1.999

2.658

3.457

120

1.658

1.980

2.617

3.373

1.645

1.960

2.576

3.291

Chapter V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the data in this
research, it is found that score of t-observed
(7.95) is higher than t-table (2.00) at the level
of significance 0.05 of tailed test and the degree
of freedom (df) is 58. It means that there is a
significant effect of Numbered Heads Together
Technique on students achievement in writing
procedure text at first grade of SMA N 1
Tanjung Morawa.

Suggestion

The students
teachers should
are more
use
beinteresting
apply
more
Numbered
thiscareful
technique
toHeads
study
in
Togetherespecially
choosing
because
English
this
technique
a suitable
technique
intechnique
inlearning
order
teaching
is good
toin
writing
increase
and
process
teaching
make
because
that
the
students
gives
learning
students
if
theymuch
have
that
more
achievement
time
taught
makes
interesting
forwith
the
theinstudents
students
this
writing
to study
technique
better
procedure
tothe
practice
English
they
in it.
text.share
writing
lesson,
can
because
procedure
their ideas
thetext.
students
with their
canfriend
shareifwith
they
the other
have
found
friends
difficulties.
in their group.

 Thanks...