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PRESENTATION
Concept Delivery
Trigonometric Identities
BY: MOHAMMAD SALEEM
SNFC MASROOR KARACHI

Prior Knowledge
1.

Basic Trigonometric Ratios

2.

Pythagoras Theorem

The Aim
To teach the students the fundamental
identities
used in trigonometry
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INTRODUCTION
Some questions will be asked to students:
What are the basic trigonometric ratios. Students will be shown a
right angled triangle ABC with m c=90o and angle is an acute
angle. Some questions will be asked relevant to the given triangle:

Q.
A.
Q.
A.

What is the name of ratio a/c ?

Sin
Name the ratio which is reciprocal of a/c
Cosec

Q. Name the ratio b/c?

A. Cos
Q. How can you get Sec ?
A. By taking the reciprocal of b/c.
Q. Why do we need a right angled triangle for trigonometric
ratios?
Students will think about it for a while and will reply as:
A. Because we cannot specify hypotenuse, perpendicular and
base in other triangles.
Q. What is called this relation a2+b2=c2?
A. It is the equation of Pythagoras Theorem.
Students will be told that the key to basic trigonometric identities is
the Pythagoras theorem.
The topic Trigonometric Identities will be written on the board.

DEVELOPMENT
Concept : TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
DLO : The students will understand the basic trigonometric
identities.

Treatment and Procedure:

The class will be asked to consider the basic equation of
Pythagoras Theorem.
a2 + b2 = c2 (1)
Let us divide equation (1) by c2.
Q. What relation do we get after dividing by c2?
A. a2/c2 + b2/c2 = 1..(i)
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Now students will be asked to consider the given right angled

triangle and tell:
Q. What is a/c?
A. Sin
Q.Name the ratio b/c
R.Cos
Now students will be told to put these values in equation (i).
Q. What relation do we get after putting these values in eq(1)?
Sin2 + Cos2 = 1..(A)
This equation is called as 1st identity.
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Now students will be told to divide the equation (1) by b2.

Q.What relation do we get after dividing by b2?
R. a2/b2 + 1 = c2/b2.(ii)
Now again students will be asked :
Q.Name the ratio a/b.
A. Tan .
Q.What is c/b?
A. Sec
Now the students will be told to put these values in eq (ii).
Q. What relation do we get after putting these values in eq (ii)?
A. Tan2 + 1 = Sec2
Students will be told that this relation is the Second Identity.

Now what relation do we get by dividing equation(1) by a 2?

A.

a2/a2 + b2/a2 = c2/a2(iii)

Q.

Name the ratio b/a.

A.Cot
Q.What is c/a?
R.Cosec
Q. Now what relation do we get after putting these values
in eq(iii)?
A.1 + Cot2 = Cosec2
Now students will be told that this relation is the third identity
So tell the class that the basic technique to derive the
trigonometric identities is that divide the Pythagoras theorem by
each of its terms separately.
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BOARD SUMMARY
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES
1. What is the basic key to derive the Trigonometric Identities?
2. What is the role of basic trigonometric ratios?
3. Why do we need to have a right angled triangle for
trigonometric ratios.
4. Pre-requisites for deriving Trigonometric Identities:
(a) Trigonometric ratios.
(b) Pythagoras Theorem.

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RECAPITULATION
Today we have discussed the
Trigonometric Identities and their
derivations.
We have understood the basic technique
to derive the Trigonometric Identities.
The students will be asked if they
understood everything we discussed.
Anything that they will like to ask or
anything that they would like to revise.

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CONSOLIDATION
Invite and Ask
The students will be asked if they have
any ambiguity or doubt. If no questions
from students side then teacher will ask
the testing questions either they have
understood or not.
Q. What is the key to derive the basic
trigonometric identities.
Q. What is the sum or difference of two
sides of right triangle w.r.t third side.
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Homework
Exercises 8.2, Page 219
Q-2.

Show that (Sin + Cos )2 = 1 + 2 Sin .Cos

Q-4.

Show that Sin /Cosec + Cos /Sec = 1

Q-5.

Show that Cos2 Sin2 = 2 Cos2 -1

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CONCLUSION
Today we have discussed the basic Trigonometric
Identities and the techniques to derive these identities.
Next time we will discuss Trigonometric Ratios of 30o,
45o and 60o.

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