Pre submission Viva of Doctor of Philosophy

Submitted to DAVV, Indore

Title: A Study of the Efficacy of Green Supply

Chain Management in Automobile Sector
Supervisor
Dr. V. K. Jain

Co- Supervisor
Dr. Pawan Patni

Director, COER (SOM),

Roorkee Indore

Professor,

Scholar:
Shivani Sharma
Research Centre
Pioneer Institute of Professional Studies, Indore (M.P.)
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

CONTENTS
Introduction of research topic
Rationale
Objectives
Review of Literature
Research Methodology
Key results
Limitations and scope
Implications
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

INTRODUCTION
Increasing pressures and challenges to improve

economic and environmental performance

have caused developing countries in general
and automobile manufacturing firms in
particular to consider and start implementing
green supply chain management.
It is emerging as an important approach which

not only reduces environmental issues but also

brings economic benefit to manufacturers.

Presubmission Viva January 2016

RATIONALE
There are numerous opportunities for the
Indian

Automobile

Sector,

both

at

the

domestic and export market. Additionally,

Green Supply Chain Management awareness
and implementation has escalated in recent
years in Indian. Thus, there is scope for
GSCM Drivers

research in Indian Automobile Sector.

Presubmission Viva January 2016

OBJECTIVES
1. To explore the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices

adopted by Indian Automobile Sector.

2. To explore and rank various Drivers of GSCM Practices on the basis

of its importance to the organization of Indian Automobile Sector.

3. To measure the Efficacy level of GSCM Practices adopted in Indian

Automobile Sector.
4. To find out the relationship amongst GSCM Drivers, Efficacy of

GSCM Practices and GSCM Performance.

5. To empirically investigate the functional relationship of various

measures of Efficacy of GSCM Practices with GSCM Drivers.

6. To empirically investigate the functional relationship of various

GSCM Performance measures with Efficacy of GSCM Practices.

7. To propose the GSCM efficacy (GSCME) Model.
8. To suggest implications of study to Indian Automobile Sector.

Presubmission Viva January 2016

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Green

Supply

Chain

Management

pressure, practices, performance, critical

success

factors,

performance

enablers,

barriers

management

and

system

development .

Foreign country studies specially in China,

Malaysia, UK, USA, Iran and Italy.

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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Hypothesis:

Based on the literature, this study

has explored GSCM Driver, Efficacy of GSCM
Practices and GSCM Performance dimensions. To
find out the relationship between GSCM Drivers
(five) Efficacy of GSCM Practices (seven) and
Efficacy of GSCM Practices (seven) GSCM
Performance (five), total 72 null hypotheses have
been formulated; two major hypotheses along with
its related dimensions.

Type of the study:

This study is an exploratory,

descriptive and causal as well.
Cont..

Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Sampling: The purposive sampling has been done for

the data collection.

Tools for data collection: The research data has
been gathered through both, primary and secondary
sources.
Tools for data analysis: Mean, Standard Deviation,
Cronbach Alpha , Correlation and Multiple regression
analysis. The below Multiple Regression equation was
used:
Y = + 1 X1 + 2 X2 + 3 X3+ 4 X4 + e
Whereby, Y = Dependent variable, X1.... X4 =
Independent variable, = Constant Coefficient, 1....
4 = Regression Coefficient for X1.... X4, e = error
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 1)
Pilot Study : The reliability score (.954)

and Mean value of fifty two GSCM Practices

was computed. Out of fifty two practices,
only two GSCM Practices mean scores were
less than the threshold of 3, which are; use
of alternative fuels in transportation (2.71)
and collect back used packaging from
customers for reuse or recycle (2.94).
Therefore, these two GSCM Practices were
removed from Efficacy measurement of
second round of research and fifty
parameters of GSCM practices is taken for
Presubmission Viva January 2016
further research.

RESULTS
Sample characteristics: (n=238), among

all the respondents, majority were male

(96.6%), majority belong to the age group of
31-50 years (62.2%), and majority have
experience of less than 10 years (37%),
which is followed by 11-12 years group with
36%. Most of organizations employees were
1501 or more (42.4%), most of organizations
are
automobile
original
equipment
manufacturers (OEM) (64.3%) and majority
were supply chain manager (28.2%).
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 2)
GSCM Drivers: This research attempts to find

out the Drivers for GSCM practices into the

Indian Automobile Sector on the the basis of 5Point Likert Scale (1 = not at all important, 2 =
not important, 3 = not thinking about it, 4=
important, 5= extremely important)
The result of the study shows that, Social
responsibility drivers (Mean 4.431),Regulatory
drivers (Mean = 4.311) and Internal drivers
(Mean = 4.308), followed by Suppliers drivers
(Mean = 4.08) Competitors drivers (Mean = 4),
respectively.
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 3)
Efficacy of GSCM Practices: The study sought to

know about the efficacy level of GSCM practices in

Indian Automobile Sector. on the five point liker scale
(1= Very Low, 2= Low, 3= Moderate, 4= High, 5 = Very
High).
The scored values were; Green Design (Mean = 4.32,
SD = .456), Green Procurement (Mean = 4.17, SD = .
61), Green Manufacturing (Mean = 4.37, SD = .59),
Green Packaging (Mean = 4.33, SD = .68), Green
Warehousing and Building (Mean= 4.33, SD = .63),
Green Distribution & Transportation (Mean = 4.24, SD
= .65), and Green Reverse Logistics (Mean = 3.93, SD =
.94).
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 4)
The study sought to find out the relationship

amongst GSCM Drivers, Efficacy of GSCM

Practices and GSCM Performance dimensions.
Results show, correlation coefficient value
between GSCM Drivers and Efficacy was
obtained .565, whereas, correlation coefficient
value between GSCM Drivers and GSCM
Performance
scored
.520.
Additionally,
correlation coefficient value between Efficacy
of GSCM and GSCM Performance was
obtained .745, and all the three variables
depicted a high significance at the level of p
<.01.
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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 5)
Following

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equation depicts the relationship

between five dimensions of GSCM Drivers as
Independent
variable
(IV)
and
seven
dimensions of Efficacy of GSCM Practices as
Dependent Variable (DV):
E = + 1 D1+ 2 D2+ 3 D3+ 4 D4+ 5
D5+ e
Whereby, E = Efficacy of GSCM Practices,
D1......D5= GSCM Drivers, = Constant
Coefficient, 1.... 5 = Regression Coefficient
for D1.... D5, and e = error.
All the regression models were found
statistically
significant
(p<.001). Adjusted R
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2016
value of all regression models scored in range

RESULTS (Objective 6)
Following equation depicts the relationship

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between seven dimensions of Efficacy of

GSCM Practices as Independent variable (IV)
and five dimensions of GSCM Performance as
Dependent Variable (DV):
P = + 1 E1+ 2 E2+ 3 E3+ 4 E4+ 5
E5+ 6 E6+ 7 E7+e
Whereby, P = GSCM Performance, E1.....E7=
Efficacy of GSCM Practices, = Constant
Coefficient, 1.... 7 = Regression Coefficient
for E1.... E7, and e = error.

All the regression models were found

statistically significant (p<.001). Adjusted R
Presubmission Viva January 2016
value of all regression models scored in range

RESULTS (Objective 7)
Suppliers
Regulatory
Internal
GSCM Drivers

Social Responsibility
Competitorss

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Presubmission Viva January 2016

RESULTS (Objective 8)

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Suggestions
Increase
the implementation of green
procurement
practices
like
ISO14001
certification and environment audit of
suppliers.
Customer cooperation should be increase to
make green design of products.
Recycling and reuse of used vehicles or
components should be also increased to
minimize wastage in the environment.
Efficacy level should be improved in green
reverse logistics and green procurement.
Improve
the 2016
efficacy of upward supply chain
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i.e., Suppliers.

CONCLUSION
Indian automobile sector is at the initial stage of implementing

GSCM Practices in majority of supply chain functions.

Indian
Automobile Sector is responsive towards the
responsibility to minimize negative effects on the environment.
Out of seven GSCM practices, the efficacy of six practices are
in between of high- very high level and only one practice i.e.,
Green Reverse Logistics.
GSCM Drivers, Efficacy of GSCM Practices and GSCM
Performance are positively and significantly correlated with
each other in the Indian Automobile Sector.
Indian Automobile Sector has important drivers which influence
their efficacy of GSCM practices and efficacy of GSCM practices
significantly
influence
overall
performance
of
Indian
Automobile Sector.

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Presubmission Viva January 2016

LIMITATIONS AND SCOPE

The findings may not be applicable directly

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to other Industries and other countries as

well.
Similar studies may also be conducted in
other developing countries.
Future research may be also including only
one aspect of supply chain for efficacy
measurement.
Responding on social site may influence the
sincerity of responses. Therefore, case
studies or interviews methods should be
used inVivafuture
study.
Presubmission
January 2016

IMPLICATIONS
Theoretical implications
This study has added a new concept efficacy in the field of

GSCM concepts.
This study has provided integrated model of GSCM driver,

efficacy of practices and performance.

Limitations of this study may provide base for future research

in the field of GSCM or the same.

This study has provided extended knowledge in the domain of

GSCM in developing country i.e., India.

The present study has taken each aspect of GSCM stages in

theory and modelling both.

Managerial Implications
The

present study has provided useful insights of

environmental issues in automobile supply chain to Indian
Automobile Sector.

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This study
isJanuary
helpful
to automobile organizations to know the
Presubmission
Viva
2016

various

aspects

of

GSCM

efficacy

and

its

impact

on