Solar Energy

Akshat Jain
Aditya Sharma
Aditya Dadich
Aniket Mathur

P.I.E.T, 2nd SEM , Sec-A

What is Solar
Energy?

The most precise Solar Energy definition : Energy

from the sun.
But what is solar energy really?
There are two types of solar energy: Thermal
Energy & Electric Energy
Thermal Energy: Thermal Energy is
everywhere. Its lights up our days. It heats the
earth, our bodies and our homes. It dries our
clothes . All for free!
Electric Energy: Electric Energy uses the power
of the sun to produce electricity through solar
cells, otherwise known as Photovoltaics (PV).

Why Solar Energy

World Energy Conservation

predicted estimation about the
rate of utilization of energy
resources shows that the coal
deposits will deplete within
the next 200 to 300 years and
petroleum deposits will
deplete in next few decades

The most advantage using

Solar Energy is that this is
distributed over a wide
geographical area, ensuring
that developing regions such
as India have access to
electricity generation at a
stable cost for the long-term
future

The huge consumption of fossil

fuels has caused visible
damage to the environment in

Contd

Current solar energy

consumption

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Panels

Discover Solar

1) Sunlight hit the solar panel

(photovoltaic/ PV) and absorbed by
semi-conducting materials such as
silicone.

HOW IT WORKS

2) Electrons are knocked loose from

their atoms, which allow them to
flow through the material to produce
electricity. This process is called the
photovoltaic (PV) effect.
3) An array of solar panels converts
solar energy into DC (direct current)
electricity.
4) The DC electricity enters an
inverter.
5) The inverter turns DC electricity into
120-volt AC (alternating current)
6) The AC power enters the utility
panel in the house.

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Panels

Discover Solar

8) When more solar energy is generated it

can be stored in a battery as DC
electricity and will continue to supply
your home with electricity in the event
of a power blackout or at nighttime.

HOW IT WORKS

9) When the battery is full the excess

electricity can be exported back into the
utility grid, if your system is connected
to it.
10) Utility supplied electricity can also be
drawn form the grid when not enough
solar energy is produced
11) The flow of electricity in and out of the
utility grid is measured by a utility
meter, which spins backwards (when
you are producing more energy that you
need) and forward (when you require
additional electricity from the utility
company). The two are offset ensuring
that you only pay for the additional

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*
*

Solar Photovolatics in
India
Begun as far back as in
the
mid 70s solar photovoltics
programme of the
Government of India is one of
the largest in the World
Reliefs offered by
government on SPV
manufacturers and users of
SPV based products :
100% depreciation in the first
year of installation of the
systems
No excise duty for
manufacturers
Low import tariff for several

Postage Stamp published By

India Government

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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR

ENERGY
Solar powered Auto Rickshaw

NASA designed Solar

powered
vehicle- HELIOS

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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR

ENERGY

Semi autonomous War

machine- Odysseus

Solar car-
Quant

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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR

ENERGY
Solar street light

Solar cooker used

in
Rural India
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Solar Energy
Advantages

Saves you money

After the initial investment has been recovered, the energy from
the sun is practically FREE.
Financial incentives are available form the government that will
reduce your cost.
Environment friendly
It's not affected by the supply and demand of fuel and is therefore
not subjected to the ever-increasing price of gasoline.
Solar Energy is clean, renewable (unlike gas, oil and coal),
sustainable and helping to protect our environment.
As we see previously ,it does no pollute air.
Therefore Solar Energy does not contribute to global warming,
acid rain or smog. It actively contributes to the decrease of
harmful green house gas emissions. By not using any fuel,
Solar Energy does not contribute to the cost and problems of the
recovery and transportation of fuel or the storage of radioactive
waste.
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Solar Energy
Advantages
Low/ no maintenance
Solar Energy systems are virtually maintenance free and will
last for decades.
Once installed, there are no recurring costs. They operate
silently, have no moving parts, do not release offensive smells
and do not require you to add any fuel. More solar panels can
easily be added in the future when your family's needs grow.

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Solar Energy- Main

Drawbacks
The initial cost is the main disadvantage of installing a solar
energy system, largely because of the high cost of the
semi-conducting materials used in building one.
The cost of solar energy is also high compared to nonrenewable utility-supplied electricity.
Solar panels require quite a large area for installation to
achieve a good level of efficiency.
The efficiency of the system also relies on the location of the
sun, although this problem can be overcome with the
installation of certain components. The production of
solar energy is influenced by the presence of clouds
or pollution in the air. Similarly, no solar energy will be
produced during nighttime although a battery backup
system and/or net metering will solve this problem.
As far as solar powered cars go - their slower speed
might not appeal to everyone caught up in today's rat
race.
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FINAL VERDICT
A 1-kilowatt home solar system will prevent
approximately 170 lbs. of coal from being
burned, 300 lbs of CO2 from being released
into the atmosphere and 105 gallons of water
from
being consumed each month!
Tools For Adoption & Acceleration
Solar Energy Collector

Penalizing extractive and

polluting fossil-fuel energy

Create Incentives

Feed-in tariffs
Net metering
Rebates
Consumer tax deductions
Production Tax credits

Solar Dish

Invest in R&D
Cont

Can solar do it all?

No!
But it can do much more
than it does now.
Old guys
guys dont know
about
solar design.
It is up to the New
Graduates
Graduates
to promote solar.
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Thank
You