INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PRESENTATION

ON TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
By:
SAJAL NAHAR 1209131079

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

INTRANET & COOPERATE NETWORK

GSM & GPRS

CDMA

CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

India is the fourth largest telecom market in Asia after China, Japan and
South Korea. The Indian telecom network is the eighth largest in the world.

Center for Department of Telematics (C-DOT) for developing indigenous

technologies and private manufacturing of customer premise equipment,
was developed in 1984.

The Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) and Videsh Sanchar

Nigam Limited (VSNL) were set up in 1986.The Telecom Commission
was established in 1989.

INTRODUCTION

The country has been divided into units called Circles, Metro Districts, Secondary
Switching Areas (SSA), Long Distance Charging Area (LDCA) and Short Distance
Charging Area (SDCA).

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited was formed in year 2000 and took over the service
providers role from DOT.

ACHIEVEMENTS OF BSNL:

BSNL has a customer base of over 9 crore and is the fourth largest integrated telecom
operator in the country.

BSNL is the market leader in Broadband, landline and national transmission network.

BSNL is also the only operator covering over 5 lakh village with telecom connectivity.

BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

Brief introduction of how a call is processed when we dial a call from basic
telephone to another basic telephone or from basic to mobile or vice versa.

When a subscriber calls to another subscriber first its request goes to the
nearest switching center that is PSTN (Public Switching
Telecommunication Network).

Exchange of information with subscriber lines with other exchange. This is

done by two type of signaling:
1. In channel signaling
2. Common channel signaling

BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

Leased line connectivity is provided in carrier room. This room has two
parts:
1. Conventional leased line system
2. MLLN
. Conventional Leased system consists of modems and routers that are
provided by the company requesting for that network.
. Connectivity of different ATM, banks etc. is provided by BSNL.
. The MDF usually holds central office protective devices including heat
coils and functions as a test point between a line and the office.

INTRANET & COOPERATE NETWORK

Smaller private version of Internet. It uses Internet protocols to create

enterprise-wide network which may consists of interconnected LANs.

FEATURES OF INTRANET:
1. It is scalable.
2. It is Interchangeable.
3. It is platform independent
4. It is Hardware independent.
5. It is vendor independent.
. Intranet runs on open TCP/IP network, enable companies to employ the
same type of servers and browser used for World Wide Web for internal
applications distributed over the corporate LAN.

INTRANET & COOPERATE NETWORK

INTRANET NETWORK

INTRANET & COOPERATE NETWORK

A corporate network (CN) is a closed and private computer network that

affords secure communications between geographically dispersed LANs of
an enterprise.

A business implements a corporate network to share applications and data

between different computing devices and users in different locations.

1.
2.
3.

A typical corporate network has the following characteristics:

Many LAN segments.
More than one network protocol (IP or IPX).
OSPF-configured areas, if it uses IP.

GSM & GPRS

GSM is a form of multiplexing, which divides the available bandwidth

among the different channels. Most of the times the multiplexing used is
either TDM (Time division multiplexing) or FDM (Frequency Division
Multiplexing).

MAIN FEATURES OF GSM:

Support for voice and data services

Better frequency efficiency, smaller cells and more customers per cell
High audio quality and reliability for wireless, uninterrupted phone calls at
higher speeds (e.g. from cars, trains) i.e. high transmission quality.
Authentication via chip-card and PIN.

GSM & GPRS

General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service
available to users of the 2G cellular communication systems, global system for
mobile communications (GSM), as well as in the 3G systems.
GPRS extends the GSM circuit switched data capabilities and makes the
following services possible:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Always on Internet access

Multimedia messaging service (MMS)
Push to talk over cellular (PoC/PTT)
Instant messaging and presence wireless village
Internet applications for smart devices through wireless application protocol
Point to Point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the internet (IP).
Increase message sending speed 30 messages per minute approximately.

CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) consistently provides better capacity
for voice and data communications that other commercial mobile technologies,
allowing more subscribers to connect at any given time, and it is the common
platform on which 3G technologies are built.
ADVANTAGES OF CDMA:

Increased cellular communications security.

Simultaneous conversations
Increased efficiency, meaning that the carrier can serve more subscribers.
Smaller phones
Low power requirements and little cell-to-cell coordination needed by operators.
Extended reach-beneficial to rural users situated far from cells.

CDMA
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CDMA AND GSM:

The GSM stands for global system for mobile communication and CDMA
for code division multiple accesses.

GSM is a form of multiplexing, which divides the available bandwidth

among the different channels. On the other hand CDMA is a type of
multiple access scheme (which means allotting the given bandwidth to
multiple users).

In CDMA each user is provided a unique code and all the conversations
between 2 users are coded. This provides a greater level of security to
CDMA users than the GSM ones.

CONCLUSION

The training helps me in gaining in depth knowledge of the working of

telephone exchange, various technologies of BSNL GSM, GPRS,
WIMAX, Wi-Fi, MLLN and optical fiber transmission.

Engineers need to concentrate more on mechanism and the way in which

things have been made. The need of training arises for doing things
yourself, understanding its way.

In the open economy era of fast modernization and tough competition,

technical industries should procedure pass out as near to job function as
possible.