Hematopoiesis

frompluripotentstemcellsto
mature,differentiated,
cellulareffectorsofimmunity
andmore

RichardA.PoirierforHHMI/HarvardImmunologySummerProject2004

Clickononeofthefollowingeffectorcellstoseethe
sequenceofdifferentcellsthatleadtoitsproduction

ThHelperCell
BCell
Macrophage
Neutrophil(alternativepath)
MastCell
Platelets

TcCytotoxicCell
DendriticCell
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Erythrocyte

Thelpercellpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

LymphoidStemCell

DaughtercellofthePluripotentStemCell,thiscell
willdividetoproduceprogenitorstoeitherBcellor
Tcelllines
.

Tcellprogenitorleavesthebonemarrow
andsettlesinthethymus;willproduceThymocyte
cellsinthethymuswhichcan,inturndifferentiate
intoThelpercells,Tkillercells,orTmemorycells

TheThymocyteislocatedinthethymus

anddividestoproducematureTeffectorcells..
Th(helper)Tc(cytotoxickiller)orTm(memory)

Th(helper)cellwhenactivatedbyan

AntigenPresentingCelllikeamacrophagewith
antigen,theThcellwillinducerapidgrowthofwhite
bloodcellswhichhelpfightinfection

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Tc(cytotoxic/killer)cell
pathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

LymphoidStemCell

DaughtercellofthePluripotentStemCell,thiscell
willdividetoproduceprogenitorstoeitherBcellor
Tcelllines
.

Tcellprogenitorleavesthebonemarrow
andsettlesinthethymus;willproduceThymocyte
cellsinthethymuswhichcan,inturndifferentiate
intoThelpercells,Tkillercells,orTmemorycells

TheThymocyteislocatedinthethymus

anddividestoproducematureTeffectorcells..
Th(helper)Tc(cytotoxickiller)orTm(memory)

Tc(cytotoxicorkiller)Cells

SometimescalledCTLs(cytotoxicTlymphocytes,
thesemayrecognizeinfectedselfcellsanddestroy
them.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Bcellpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

LymphoidStemCell

DaughtercellofthePluripotentStemCell,thiscell
willdividetoproduceprogenitorstoeitherBcellor
Tcelllines
.

BCellprogenitorfoundinthebone

marrowofhighervertebratesandtheBursaof
Fabriciusinbirds,thesecellswillproduceantibody
producingBcells.

BCellsthesearefoundinthebloodand,
whenactivatedwillproduceantibodiesagainst
particularantigens.Eachcellproducesantigen
specificantibodiesofonlyonetype.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Dendriticcellpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

GranulocyteMonocyteProgenitorcells
candifferentiateintomonocytesorneutrophils

Monocytesactasantigenpresentingcells
(APCs),asAntibodyDependentCytotoxicCells
(ADCC),andpromoteinflammation.

DendriticCelllikethemacrophage,this
cellisphagocyticitinhabitsthetissueslookingfor
foreignintruderstodevour.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Macrophagepathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

GranulocyteMonocyteProgenitorcells
candifferentiateintomonocytesorneutrophils

Monocytesactasantigenpresentingcells
(APCs),asAntibodyDependentCytotoxicCells
(ADCC),andpromoteinflammation.

Macrophagefunctionsasantigen

presentingcell(APC),ininflammation,andin
ADCC(antibodydependentcellmediated
cytotoxicity

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

NeutrophilPathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

GranulocyteMonocyteProgenitorcells
candifferentiateintomonocytesorneutrophils

Monocytesactasantigenpresentingcells
(APCs),asAntibodyDependentCytotoxicCells
(ADCC),andpromoteinflammation.

Neutrophilsfunctioninantimicrobial
activity,inflammationresponse,andantibody
dependent,cellmediatedcytotoxicity(ADCC)

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

AlternativeNeutrophilpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

GranulocyteMonocyteProgenitorcells
candifferentiateintomonocytesorneutrophils

Neutrophilsfunctioninantimicrobial
activity,inflammationresponse,andantibody
dependent,cellmediatedcytotoxicity(ADCC)

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

EosinophilPathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

EosinophilProgenitorwillproduce
eosinophils

Eosinophilthesecellsareactiveinthe

immuneresponsetoasthma,allergies,andparasites.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

MastCellPathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

BasophilProgenitoraproductofthe
specializationofMyeloidstemcells,thiscellwill
produceeitherMastCellsorBasophils

MastCellliketherelatedbasophilsthese

cellsfunctionininflammationandallergicresponse.
Whenmature,theybecomegranulatedandarefound
intissues,notinperipheralblood.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Basophilpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

BasophilProgenitoraproductofthe
specializationofMyeloidstemcells,thiscellwill
produceeitherMastCellsorBasophils

BasophilthisIgEresponsivecellis

characterizedbycytoplasmicgranuleswhich,when
released,functionindestructionofparasitesandalso
inallergicreactions.Thecellreleaseshistamineand
plateletactivatorandotherchemicalsignals.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

Plateletpathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

Megakaryocytefragmentsinto
subcellularpiecescalledplatelets

Plateletsarebloodelementswithoutnuclei

thatcirculateandareinvolvedinbloodclottingand
inflammation.

ClickHEREtoreturntomenu

ErythrocytePathway

PluripotentStemCell

Thisistheundifferentiatedprecursortoallofthe
bloodcells,redandwhite,andotherimmune
effectorcells,andplatelets.

MyeloidStemCellsdaughtersofthe

PluripotentStemCells,thesearetheprogenitorsofahostof
specializedwhitebloodcells(WBCs),redbloodcells(RBCs)
andthebloodplateletswhicharecrucialtobloodclotting.

ErythroidProgenitorderivedfroma
myeloidstemcell,thisisdestinedtoproducethe
mostcommonbloodcell,theerythrocyte.

Erythrocytesorredbloodcells(RBCs)are

enucleatedcellsthattravelthroughouttheCirculatory
SystemandcarryOxygentoallpartsofthebodyvia
theabundanthemoglobinfoundwithinthem.

Tolearnmoreabout
HematopoiesisclickHERE
Toseeslidesofrealbloodcells,
clickHERE