ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

SYSTEM

QS3B

AINI

NABILA

SYIFA

ZULAIKHA

MISS SYARIFAH NUR NAZIHAH SYED JAMALULIL

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

IS THE PROCES OF TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY FROM

MAJOR LOAD TO CENTRES OF CONSUMER. POWER IS
FUTHER DISTRIBUTED TO LOAD SUBSTATIONS WHERE
VOLTAGE ARE FUTHER REDUCE USING A TRNSFORMER
BEFORE REACHING END CONSUMER. GENERALLY:
SUPPLIES TO HEAVY INDUSTRIES ARE GIVEN AT A VOLTAGE OF
33kV
LIGHT INDUSTRIES 11KV
SUPPLIES TO SMALL INDUSTRIES WIRE OF 415kV
SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC PREMESIS WIRE OF 240kV

MODERN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

BEGINS AS THE PRIMARY CIRCUIT LEAVES THE

SUB-STATION AND ENDS AS THE SECONDARY
SERVICE ENTERS THE CUSTOMER'S METER
SOCKET. DISTRIBUTION CIRCUITS SERVE MANY
CUSTOMERS. THE VOLTAGE USED IS
APPROPRIATE FOR THE SHORTER DISTANCE
AND VARIES FROM 2,300 TO ABOUT 35,000
VOLTS DEPENDING ON UTILITY STANDARD
PRACTICE, DISTANCE, AND LOAD TO BE
SERVED.

METHOD DISTRIBUTION
RING MAIN
DISTRIBUTI
ON
RADIAL
DISTRIBUTI
ON

RISING
MAIN

METHOD
DISTRIBUTI
ON

RADIAL DISTRIBUTION

The electrical supply radiates from the main intake

panel. The main panel consists of a main switch
connected to fixed switches through a bus-bar
chamber. Several separate feeds cables are run
from the main intake panel to sub-subsidiary
distribution panels which may be situated in
separated buildings or strategic points in one
buildings for examples of radial distribution are
factories and resort complexes.

RING MAIN DITRIBUTION

Large
development
schemescheme
having several
Large
development
having
building around the perimeter of the site a ring
several
building
around
the
main circuit is provided. The ring main circuit
perimeter
the site
ring
would
be takenof
around
the a
site
intomain
each
circuit is provided.
building.The ring main

circuit would be taken around the

site into each building.

RISING MAIN
FOR A BUILDNG FIVE STOREY AND ABOVE,
IT IS NORMALY PREFEREABLE TO PASS
CONDUCTORS VERTICALLY THROUGH THE
BUILDING. THE SUPPLY TO EACH FLOOR IS
CONNECTED TO THE RISING MAINS BY
MEANS OF TAPS-OFF SUBSIDIARY UNITS.

COMPONENTS

COMPONENTS
TRANSFORMER
SUBSTATION
PYLONS

TRANSFORMER

A TRANSFORMER IS AN ELECTRIC
DEVICE CONSISTING OF TWO
WINDINGS WOULD ON THE SAME
CORE WHICH EMPLOYS THE
PRINCIPLES OF MUTUAL
INDUCTION. CONVERT VARIATIONS
OF ALTERNATING CURRENT IN A
SECONDARY CIRCUIT. STEP UP
TRANSFORMER TRANSFORM LOW
VOLTAGE WHILE STEP DOWN
TRANSFORMER TRANSFORM HIGH
VOLTAGE TO LOW VOLTAGE.

SUBSTATIONS

A SUBSTATIONS IS A PLACE WHERE

ELECTRICAL POWER IS RECEIVED FROM
GENERATING STAT VIA INCOMING
TRANSMISSION LINES AND DELIVERED TO
THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM VIA OUTGOING
TRANSMISSION LINES.
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF SUBSTATION IN
MALAYSIA, OUTDOOR AND INDOOR. AN
OUTDOOR SUBSTATION IS A SUBSTATION
LOCATED UNDER AN OPEN SKY. AN INDOOR
SUBSTATION IS A SUBSTATIONS LOCATED
INSIDE A BUILDING. INDOOR SUBSTATIONS IS
USED WHERE LAND AREA IS LIMITED, FOR
EXAMPLE IS CITY AREA.

PYLONS

AN ELECTRICITY PYLON OR
TRANSMISSION TOWER IS A TALL,
USUALLY STEEL LATTICE STRUCTURE
USED TO SUPPORT OVERHEAD
ELECTRICITY CONDUCTORS FOR
ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION.

THE END =(