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Study
NALIN
ADHIKARY
nalin.com.np
Steps :
1. Problem Formulation
2. Setting of Objectives and Overall Project Plan
3. Model Conceptualization
4. Data Collection
5. Model Translation
6. Verification
7. Validation
8. Experimental Design
9. Production Run and Analysis
10.Documentation and Report
11.Implementation
Experimental
Design
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
More
Runs
?
Production
Run &
Analysis
Problem
Formulati
on
Yes
Yes
No
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Valida
ted?
Yes
Verified?
No
No
Documentati
on &
Reporting
No
Implementati
on
Problem Formulation
the problem is clearly
understood by the simulation
analyst
the formulation is clearly
understood by the client
Problem
Formulati
on
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Formulati
on
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Model Conceptualization
World
abstract Real
essential
features
System
o events, Assumed
activities, entities,
System
attributes,
resources, variables, and
their relationships
o performance measures
o data requirements
Conceptual
System
Problem
Formulati
on
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Data Collection
collect data for input analysis
and validation
o arrival rate, arrival process, service
discipline, service rate , etc.
Problem
Formulati
on
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Model Translation
Problem
Formulati
on
Codin
g
Setting of
Objectives and
Overall Project
Plan
General Purpose
Language
(JAVA, C++, VB)
Special Purpose
Simulation
Language/
Software
(SIMEN, ARENA,
EXTEND)
Model
Conceptualizat
ion
Data
Collection
Model
Translation
Verification
the process of determining if the
operational logic is correct
Model
Translation
No
Yes
Model
Conceptualization
No
Validate
d?
Yes
Data Collection
No
Validation
the process of determining if the
model accurately represents the
system
o comparison of model results with
collected data from the real system
Model
Translation
No
Verified?
Yes
Model
Conceptualization
No
Validate
d?
Yes
Data Collection
No
Experimental Design
alternative scenarios to be
simulated
type of output data analysis
Model
(steady-state vs. terminating
Conceptualization
simulation analysis)
No
number of simulation runs
length of each run
variance reduction
Yes
Validate
d?
Data Collection
No
Yes
Experimental
Design
Production
Run &
Analysis
More Runs?
Yes
Model
Conceptualization
No
o Point Estimation
o Confidence-Interval
Estimation
Yes
Validate
d?
Data Collection
No
Yes
Experimental
Design
interpretation of results
Yes
Production
Run &
Analysis
Yes
More
Runs
More
?
Runs?
No
progress reports
o frequent reports (e.g. monthly)
are suggested
o alternative scenarios
o performance measures or criteria
used
o results of experiments
o recommendations
No
More Runs?
Documentati
on &
Reporting
Implementati
on
Implementation
Implement the study in real
system
No
Success ?
??
OR
Failure ???
More Runs?
Documentati
on &
Reporting
Implementati
on
Disadvantages of Simulation
1. Can be very expensive and may take
months to develop
2. It is a trial-and-error approach that
may produce different solutions in
repeated runs
3. Managers must generate all of the
conditions and constraints for
solutions they want to examine
4. Each simulation model is unique
References
www.engr.sjsu.edu
www.ewp.rpi.edu/hartford
Thank
you
!