Department Of Civil engineering

D.M.I.E.T.R Wardha

Floors & Flooring

Types and Methodology
Presented by:1.Kaustubh kalbande
2.Mayur kamble
3.Piyush shembhekar

GUIDED by:
Prof. D.K.Gandhi

Content S

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Introduction
Floor
Types of floors
Flooring
Types of Floorings
Methods of Construction

The solid unit constructed to sub divided the

portion between the plinth level or basement
level and roof level is known as FLOOR and the
top cover provide to it is known as FLOORING.

Types of floor
1)Timber Floor
2)Composite Floor

1} Timber floor
1. Basement timber floor
2. Single joist timber floor
3. Double Joist Timber floor
4. Framed or triple joist timber floor

Joist spaced at 400mm centres.

Plywood sheeting

Positions for ventilation

Composite floor
1. Double Flag stone
Floor
2. Filler joist Floor
3. Jack Arch Floor
4. R.C.C Floor

Double Flag stone Floor

Filler joist Floor

g
n
i
r
o
flo

Introduction
Flooringisthegeneraltermforapermanentcovering
ofafloor,orfortheworkofinstallingsuchafloor
covering.Bothtermsareusedinterchangeablybutfloor
coveringrefersmoretoloose-laidmaterials.

Objectives
1. To provide smooth and Even Surface
for use
2. To carry loads imposed on them.
3. To prevent dampness rising from the
ground into the building.
4. To provide a degree of thermal
insulation.
5. To provide a suitable wearing surface.
6. To prevent growth of vegetable matter
in the building.

g
n
i
r
o
o
l
F
f
o
s
e
p
y
T

Brick Flooring
Mud and Murum Flooring
Cement Concrete Flooring
Te r r a z z o a n d m o s a i c F l o o r i n g

N a t u r a l s t o n e fl o o r i n g
L a m i n a t e d fl o o r i n g
C e r a m i c fl o o r i n g
I P S fl o o r i n g

Brick Flooring
Application
This type of floor is
suitable for
pavement, stores,
godowns etc.

Construction methodology
Themuramorearthfillingisproperlyconsolidated.
10cmthicklayerofdrycleansandisevenlylaid
10cmthicklayerofLimeConcrete(1:4:8)orLeanCement
Concrete(1:8:16)islaid,compactedandcuredtoformabase
concrete.
WellsoakedbricksarelaidinCementMortar(1:4)inanydesired
bondpatterne.g.HerringBond,DiagonalBondoranyother
suitablebond
Incasethepointingisnottobedone,thethicknessofjoints
shouldnotexceed2mmandthemortarinjointsisstruckoffflush
withatrowel
Incasethepointingistobedone,theminimumthicknessofjoints
iskept
6mmandthepointingmaybedoneasspecified.

Mud and Murrum Flooring

Application
These floors are
generally used for
unimportant building
in rural areas

Construction methodology
Thesurfaceofearthfillingisproperlyconsolidated
20cmthicklayerofrubbleorbrokenbatsislaid,handpacked,wetand
rammed
15cmthicklayerofmuramorgoodearthislaid
2.5cmthicklayerofpowderyvarietyofmuramearthisuniformlyspread
Thewholesurfaceiswellwateredandrammeduntilthecreamofmuram
earthrisestotheearthsurface
After12hoursthesurfaceisagainrammedforthreedays.
Thesurfaceissmearedwithathickpasteofcow-dungandrammedfortwo
days
Thincoatofmixtureof4partsofcow-dungand1partofPortlandcementis
evenlyapplied
Thesurfaceiswipedcleanbyhand.
Formaintainingthistypeoffloorproperly,gobrileapingisdoneonceaweek

I.P.S (Indian Patent Stone) Flooring

Application
Can be use for
1) Residential buildings

Construction methodology

Preparation of surface
Rammering the surface
Laying the subgrade (M10 concrete)
Leveling and curing of surface
Checking the levels of surface
Marking the even surface with the help of
level tube 40 cm above the surface
Transferring this level with help of string
Laying the concrete of M20-M25 grade
Leveling the surface
Pouring of rich cement paste and surface it
smoothly
If needed the surface can be divided into
parts with help of ropes

Cement Concrete Flooring

Application
Can be use for
1) Residential
building
2) Workshop
3) Ware house etc.

Construction methodology
The earth is consolidated.
10cm thick layer of clean sand is spread.
10cm thick Lime Concrete (1:4:8) or Lean Cement Concrete (1:8:16)
is laid thus forming base concrete
The topping {4cm thick Cement Concrete (1:2:4)} is laid on the third
day of laying base cement concrete, thus forming Non-monolithic
construction.
This type of construction is mostly adopted in the field
The topping is laid by two methods:
I-Topping laid in single layer:
The topping consists of single layer of Cement Concrete (1:2:4),
having its
thickness 4cm
II-Topping laid two layers:
The topping consists of 1.5cm thick Cement Concrete (1:2:3), which
is laid
monolithically over 2.5cm thick Cement Concrete (1:3:6)
The Cement Concrete Floor in which the topping consisting of 2cm
thick Cement Concrete (1:2:4) is laid monolithically with the Base

Further Advancement
in CC flooring

Stamped Flooring

Terrazzo and Mosaic Flooring

Application
Can be in area of
flooring with
decorative
appearance in low
budget

Construction methodology

Preparation of surface
Rammering the surface
Laying the subgrade (M10 concrete)
Mixing of marble chips and mortar (1:2.5)
Placing of terrazzo mortar
Seeding of decorative pattern and marble
pieces
Beating and rolling
Placing of slurry and compacting
Final cleaning and finishing and curing of
surface

Marble Flooring

1.
2.
3.
4.

Ensurethatthetilesareofregularshape
Basemortar1:5or1:6withlowwatercementratio.
Min.thicknessofbasemortaris25mm
Fixthemarbletilestemporarilythenpressitusingwoodenhandle
ofthehammertobringtheminalevel.
5. Afterfixingtheminpatternremovethetilesandspreadwhite
cementslurry(2:1)andrefixthetiles.
6. Presswithwoodenhandle.
7. Fillupjointswithwhitecement.
8. Firstgrindingmin.after5daysoffixing.
9. Applywhitecementslurryovermarblefloorafterfirstgrinding
andcureforaday.
10. Minimum3grindingsrequired

s
e
l
i
t
c
i
m
a
Cer

Types
i.
ii.
iii.

Vitrified tiles
Mosaic tiles
Glazed tiles

g
o
l
o
d
o
h
t
e
m
n
o
i
t
c
u
onstr

Thank you !