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6: Reliability and
Validity in Measurement
and Research
Types of Reliability
Internal-Consistency Reliability:
Overall degree of relatedness of all
test items or raters.
Spearman-Brown Formula
1 n 1 rii
Where:
RSB = the overall internal consistency reliability
n = the total number of items in the test
r = the average intercorrelation among the
ii
items or among the judges.
Rosnow, Beginning Behavioral Research, 5/e. Copyright 2005 by Prentice Hall
Concurrent Validity
Predictive Validity
Convergent validity
Discriminant validity
External Validity
Construct Validity: The validity of the
hypothetical idea linking the IV and
DV.
Statistical Conclusion Validity: Are the
statistical conclusions well-grounded?
Internal Validity: Ability to rule out
plausible rival hypotheses.