PERSONAL

PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT

Adapted from:
OSHA 3151-12R2003 Personal
Protective Equipment document

LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Upon completion of this unit the
participants will be able to
identify the need for Personal
Protective Equipment on
Wisconsin Dairy Farms.
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LEARNER OUTCOMES
1. Identify the requirements for PPE.
2. Develop a hazard assessment program as
it pertains to PPE.
3. Evaluate a variety of PPE devices and
determine the types of equipment
necessary for their farm.
4. Understand the training requirements for
the workers on proper usage of PPE.
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HAZARDS ON THE FARM

sharp edges
falling objects
flying sparks
chemicals
noise
other potentially
dangerous situations
5

HAZARD ASSESSMENT
Walk through survey
Organize and analyze
data- determine need
for PPE
Reassess as changes
are made to the job
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PROTECTION FROM
PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Moving objects
Fluctuating temperatures
Rolling or pinching
objects
Electrical connections
Sharp edges
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PROTECTION FROM
HEALTH HAZARDS

Health hazards on the farm

Dusts
Chemicals
Radiation
Heat
Noise
Ergonomics
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OTHER ISSUES
Sources of electricity
Impact between employee and equipment
Radiation from welding
Biologic hazards - zoonotic issues

ELIMINATION OF HAZARDS:
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Preferred method
Eliminate or reduce exposure

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ELIMINATION OF HAZARDS:
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Eliminate or reduce the exposure

Job rotations, varied hours

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
Least preferred method

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EMPLOYERS
RESPONSIBILITIES
Perform hazard assessment
Identify and provide appropriate PPE
Train on use and care
Maintain; replace when worn or
damaged
Review, update and evaluate PPE
program
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EMPLOYEES
RESPONSIBILITIES
Properly wear PPE
Attend training sessions on PPE
Care for, clean and maintain PPE
Inform a supervisor of the need to
repair or replace PPE

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PPE SELECTION
Safe design and construction
Easy of maintenance
Fit and comfort
Are the PPE compatible if worn together
Must meet standards developed by
American National Standards Institute
(ANSI)
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TRAINING
Required to train on proper use before
allowed to preform the task
When to wear
What to wear
How to put on, take off
Limitations
How to care for it

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EVALUATE AND
DOCUMENT
Document each employees training and test
their ability to use PPE correctly
Name of employee
Date trained
Subject of training
Qualifications of trainer

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TYPES OF PPE
Eye/face
Head
Foot/leg
Hand/arm
Ears
Lungs

18

EYE AND FACE

PROTECTION
Flying particles
Liquid chemicals
Chemical gases or vapors
Potentially infected material
Potentially harmful light radiation

19

PRESCRIPTION LENSES
Regular prescription corrective lenses do
not provide adequate protection
Incorporate the prescription into the design
Wear additional eye protection over their
prescription lenses.

20

EYE PROTECTION
ON A DAIRY FARM
When handling chemicals in the milk house
or shop
Making repairs to structures or machinery
Areas where there is a high level of dust
Whenever there is possibility or likelihood
of flying particles

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EYE & FACE

PROTECTION
Fit properly and be comfortable
Unrestricted vision and movement
Durable and cleanable
Unrestricted functioning of any other PPE

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TYPES OF EYE
PROTECTION
Safety eye glasses:
Constructed of metal or plastic
Impact-resistant lenses.
Side shields (ANSI approved)

23

EYE PROTECTION
Goggles:

Tight-fitting eye
protection
Protection from
impact, dust and
splashes
Fit over corrective
lenses

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EYE PROTECTION
Face Shields:
Transparent sheets of ANSI approved plastic
Extend from eyebrows to below the chin and
across the entire width of the employee's head

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FOOT AND LEG

PROTECTION
Risk of possible foot or leg
injuries
From falling, rolling objects
Crushing or penetrating
materials
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TYPES OF FOOT AND

LEG PROTECTION
Leggings: protect legs while welding
Steel toed boots
Boots: provide slip resistance on wet
surfaces
Comfortable to wear
and the correct fit

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HAND AND ARM

PROTECTION
Potential hazards include:
skin absorption of harmful substances
chemical or thermal burns
electrical dangers
bruises

abrasions

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PPE: GLOVES FOR

DIFFERENT USES
Natural
Rubber

Cotton

Polyvinyl
Alcohol
(PVC)

Wire mesh

Nitrile

Kevlar

Polyvinyl
Chloride (PVC)

Neoprene

Welding

Leather Anti-vibration

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CARE OF GLOVES
Inspect before each use not torn, punctured
Fill glove with water and tightly roll cuff
Discolored or stiff dont use

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HEARING PROTECTION
Exposure to excessive noise:
Measured in decibels (dB)
85 dB protection should be available
Permissible exposure for 8 hours = 90 dB without
protection
Length of time exposed
Employee movement

OSHA consultation
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Duration per day (hours)

Sound level dB

Examples of noise source at

sound levels

90

Tractor, combine, or ATV

92

Tractor or combine

95

Tractor, grain grinding, combine, or

air compressor

97

Tractor, combine, or shop vacuum

100

Tractor, pigs squealing, or table saw

1 1/2

102

Tractor, combine, or riding

lawnmower

105

Tractor, combine, chickens, or

irrigation pump

1/2

110

Tractor or leaf blower

1/4

115

Chainsaw

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HEARING PROTECTION
Single use ear plugs:
Pre-formed or molded ear plugs:
Ear muffs:

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RESPIRATORY ISSUES
Pesticide vapors
Dusty fields
Hydrogen sulfide in manure pits
Nitrogen dioxide in silos.
Farmers Lung and Organic Dust
Toxicity Syndrome (ODTS)
Allergic reactions to dust from moldy
hay or grain
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RESPIRATORY
ISSUES
Dust: largest of the particles
Molds: released from hay or grain when
disturbed
Mists: suspended liquid droplets
Fumes: solid particles of evaporated
metals (welding)

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RESPIRATORY
ISSUES
Gases: gaseous at room temperature
hydrogen sulfide (manure pits),
nitrogen dioxide (Silo gas), carbon
monoxide
Vapors: evaporate from liquid
pesticides, paint
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RESPIRATORY
ISSUES
Oxygen deficient atmosphere: manure
storage pits, sealed silos
Structures when oxygen level is below
21%

37

CATEGORIES OF
RESPIRATORS
Air purifying
Supplied air
The cartridge and respirator must be
made by the same manufacturer
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AIR PURIFYING
Filters
Do not supply oxygen
Good for molds, dust

Chemical cartridge
Low concentrations of gases, vapors
Activated charcoal
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MECHANICAL FILTER
Dust, mists, metal fumes
2 elastic straps for a better seal

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SUPPLIED-AIR
RESPIRATORS
Only kind to be used in IDLH situations
Manure pits, sealed silos, fumigated bins
Air line respirators: clean air through hose
connected to air pump
Self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA):
portable air tank scuba divers, fire fighters

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PROPER USE ISSUES

Glasses, gum, tobacco chewing, facial hair
can prevent a proper fit
Do not wear contacts
Proper cleaning and storage of PPE
Inspect for damage
Replace as needed

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EMPLOYEE OBJECTIONS
TO PPE
Involve employees in PPE plan
Be an example
Educate employees
Listen to employee complaints
Easy to care for PPE

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PERSONAL HAZARDS
Jewelry: rings = amputated fingers
Loose clothing
Hood strings
Long hair not tied
Ear buds for music devices
Contact lenses
Transition lenses
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PPE REVIEW
1. What is a current hazard on your farm that
is controlled with a type of PPE?

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PPE REVIEW
2. Could this hazard be controlled
administratively?

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PPE REVIEW
3. Could this hazard be controlled by using
an engineering control?

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PPE REVIEW
4. Name a place on your farm where each of
these types of PPE should be implemented:

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This material was produced under grant

number SH-22318-11 from the
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, U.S. Department of Labor.
It does not necessarily reflect the views
or policies of the U.S. Department of
Labor, nor does mention of trade names,
commercial products, or organizations
imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.

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