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/EVOLUTIONARY
APPROACH
BY
Law Tyng Tyng
Saravina Binti Faizal
Mastura Binti Ariffin
Helen Thomas
OVERVIEW OF EACH
APPROACH
Biological
: Focuses primarily on the
activities of the nervous system,
the brain, hormones, and
genetics
Evolutionary
: Investigates how primal survival
instincts can influence behavior
THE EVOLUTIONARY
APPROACH
FUNCTIONALISM
WHY WE DO WHAT WE DO
THE INFLUENCE OF CHARLES
DARWIN
NATURAL SELECTION
An evolutionary process in which
individuals of a species that are
best adapted to their environments
are the ones most likely to survive;
they then pass on these traits to
their offspring
THE BIOLOGICAL
APPROACH
Behavior and mental
processes are largely
shaped by biological
processes
It is not identified with
any single contributor
BIOLOGICAL FOCUS
(CONT.)
The physiological basis
STRUCTURE OF
SUPERTRAITS
EXTRAVERSION-INTROVERSION
Eysenck was especially interested in this
dimension
Originally he suggested that introverts and
extraverts differ in terms of their cortical
arousal (extraverted were under-aroused and
thus seek stimulation)
Studies did not find differences between the
two tendencies while measures of brain
activity in a resting state were taken
Currently, researchers describe the Ex.-Int.
differences in terms of sensitivity to
SENSITIVITY TO STIMULATION
SHYNESS
Shyness is an inborn tendency but
can be modified by the environment
GOODNESS OF FIT
The term refers to the ideal situation,
when we, social agents around the
child, recognize the childs
temperament and pattern our
treatment of the child accordingly.
For example, if you have a shy child,
you gradually expose the child to
novel situations, support the child,
not pushing the child.