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Ninan
Prof. M. M.
Ninan
Romans did not have prisons like the ones in the
modern world.
Accused wealthy citizens
were simply kept under
house arrest, provided they
behaved, until a trial could
take place.
Occasionally the accused might be detained to await
trial, but usually those awaiting trial were encouraged to
go into voluntary exile. Those awaiting trial were called
"carcer" or "publica vincula."
Carcer
At the foot of the Capitoline Hill, between the Curia and the
Temple of Concord stood the Carcer, the only state prison of
ancient Rome. It is sometimes called the Mamertine Prison. The
carcer was the upper section in which prisoners could be held
awaiting sentence.
The underground area of the prison was called the
Tullianum because it housed water springs. Executions
occurred here. According to tradition, St. Peter and
Paul were confined here during the reign of Nero and
reputedly St. Peter called up the waters of the spring to
baptize his jailers.
Tychicus
ROME PHILIPPI
NICOPOLIS
TROAS
CORINTH COLOSSAE
MILETUS
CRETE
ROME
ROME
CORINTH
2 Tim 4:20 TROAS
2 Tim 4:13
CORINTH
MILETUS
MILETUS
2 Tim 4:20
? ?? Miletus, CorinthRome.
Miletus, Troas, Corinth,
"Acts 31“
66/67 AD
2nd imprisonment:
Paul arrested sometime after being in Corinth and
taken to Rome and writes 2 Timothy.
"Acts 32“
68 AD
Paul martyred soon after
Eusebius tells that
Paul arrived "a second time in this town" of
Rome and that he suffered there a martyr's
death. And Christians might be "proud that
such a man" persecuted them: "for he who
knows Nero, understands that he would not
have condemned this teaching unless it had
been something extremely good."
Since St. Paul was a Roman citizen, he could not
be executed within the city of Rome, nor could he
be crucified. He was taken outside the city of
Rome and put to death with a sword. St. Paul
Basilica is built over his tomb.
The story of St. Paul's martyrdom
is told in Jacobus de Voragine's
Golden Legend (Legenda Aurea) for
June 30.
Condemned to death by Emperor
Nero, Paul was taken to the place
of his execution outside the Ostia
Gate in Rome, hence the
appearance of Pyramid of Cestius
in the background. On his way he
not only converted three of the
Roman soldiers who were his
captors (here represented by the
soldiers in armor at the bottom and
to the left of the scene) but also
drew the sympathy of a Roman
matron named Plautilla, or
Lemobia, who was a Christian. She
asked him to pray for her and he
responded by asking her for her
veil with which to cover his eyes,
assuring her that she could have it
back when the grisly execution was
over. The executioners mocked her,
saying, "How canst thou give this
precious object to such an
imposter."