NI DUNG TRNH BY

Khi qut chung v ISDN, HDSL, ADSL,

G.Lite ADSL, VDSL

Cu trc h thng ADSL

Cc vn i vi h thng ADSL

Phng thc iu ch trong ADSL

Cu trc khung trong ADSL

Cc dch v trn ADSL

o kim

1 Hin trng mng vin

thng

Hn ch ca mng vin
thng hin nay (1/2)

ng dy in thoi c lch
s t
nm 1875 (Alexander
Graham

DnhBell)
cho thoi vi lu thoi
trung bnh

Vng thu bao di:

S dng cun ti
S dng DLC (t nm
1972)
Dng cc nhnh r

Hn ch ca mng vin
thng hin nay (2/2)

Di thng 300 Hz 3400 Hz

Dung lng 64 Kbps khng

i, i
xng

Knh 64 Kbps c nh trong

sut
thi gian kt ni

Cun ti (1/2)

Dng cho cc vng thu bao

di hn
5400m v c gi tr l
88
mH
t cch tng i 900m v sau
l 1800m

Cun ti (2/2)

UDLC Universal DLC

UDLC dng c cho c tng i

s v tng t

IDLC - Integrated DLC

IDLC ch dng c vi tng i

k thut s

ng truyn T1/E1 (1/3)

ng truyn T1/E1
(2/3)

Ra i vo thp k 60 ca th k

trc (ngang vi RS-232)

Truyn trn 2 hay 3 i dy xon

K thut iu ch:
AMI
(T1)
HDB3 (E1)

Suy hao nhiu do k thut iu ch

n gin, ph tn rng

Ga cho vic thu dung truyn dt

ng truyn T1/E1
(3/3)
Yu cu k thut ca ng dy:

Khng c nhnh r

Khng c cun ti

Phi c cc trm tip vn

Nhiu trm cch nhau 900
1800m kh bo dng

Khng s dng hn hp nhiu c

dy

Nhnh r (1/3)

Nhnh r (2/3)

Nhnh r lm sng phn x mt

s tn s trit tiu sng truyn
dn

Nhnh r (3/3)

Sng phn x t nhnh r l =

2 Khi nim c bn v DSL

tng tc truyn trn i dy cp

dng -> loi b gii hn v di tn 3,4 KHz

Ging nh cc phng thc truyn

thng T1, E1. DSL phi c di thng tn ln
hn so vi knh thoi

Cc tr ngi ca DSL

Attenuation (suy hao)

Nguyn nhn:
Do khong cch
Do tn hiu tn s cao
Chng suy hao bng:
Tng c dy,
Gim baud rate bng cc
phng php iu ch
2B1Q, CAP, QAM, DMT

Cc tr ngi ca ng
dy DSL

Bridged tap: DSL hn ch s

lng v di cc nhnh r

Loading coil: DSL khng chp

nhn
cun ti

Crosstalk
NEXT (Near End Crosstalk)
FEXT (Far End Crosstalk)
SNEXT (Self Near End
Crosstalk)
SFEXT (Self Far End
Crosstalk)

Crosstalk - NEXT

Trong cng mt cho cp ln

Tng theo tn s vi t l ly
tha
3/2

Ph thuc cng sut tc nhn

Crosstalk - FEXT

ng dy ngn c FEXT ln

NEXT tng theo tn s vi t l

ly tha 2

Thng thng FEXT nh hn

NEXT

Crosstalk v Near-end
Echo

Tc cc k thut xDSL

ADSL so vi cc phng php

truy xut khc

3 HDSL

High bit
Digital

rate

Subscriber
Line

S ra i ca HDSL

u nhng nm 1990, mt s nh sn xut

khuyn ngh dng m 2B1Q cho ng truyn T1 v
E1 m khng cn dng cc b lp (thay cho cc
phng thc m ho AMI v HDB3 truyn thng).

K thut ny phn chia cc tc 1,544 Mbps

(2,048 Mbps) trn hai i dy, tc l mi i dy s
c tc 784kbps (1168kbps) v tng s bt m ho
t 1 ln 2 bt m trn mt baud
-> di tn gim -> tng khong cch truyn -> y
l k thut HDSL

HDSL cho khong cch ln ti 3.6Km (vi b

dy 24 si) v 1,8km (vi b dy 26 si)

HDSL

HDSL 2-Pair System

Capacity

HDSL System

HDSL 2-pair System for

business

So snh HDSL 2B1Q v

T1 AMI

Phng thc iu ch CAP

Song song vi vic dng m 2B1Q, Paradyne

cng bt u pht trin mt phng thc thu pht
HDSL tng t nhng dng m ng truyn CAP
(Carrierless Amplitude and Phase). Ging nh 2B1Q,
CAP cho php biu din nhiu bt thng tin trn mt
tn s n. C th t 2 n 9 bt thng tin trn mt
baud -> nhiu hn so vi 2B1Q -> di tn nh hn ->
suy hao t v tng khong cch truyn

M ho CAP c dng trong cng ngh

ng dy thu bao i xng (SDSL)

So snh ph tn ca
2B1Q HDSL, T1 AMI v
CAP HDSL

1544 Kbp HDSL 1-pair

HDSL 1-Pair System

Capacity

HDSL Public Network

Access

S dng ng truyn T1

Dng cho PBX hay Multiplexer

Dng cho ISDN PRA

Kt ni Wireless system base

stationt

HDSL Fast Internet

Access

HDSL Intranet Access

via FR

On site server (do cu hnh

i xng)

Private campus network

Khng phn knh v i xng:
cho telecommuter, student

HDSL Cellular Network

HDSL 1-pair vs. HDSL 2pair

HDSL 1-pair: to khung n

gin
hn, khng cn phn chia
dng bit
v sp xp li

HDSL 2-pair: u ni phc tp,

kh
qun l

HDSL 2-pair: kch thc thit

cng knh

HDSL 1-pair: gi thnh/thu

bao
thp hn 30%

HDSL 1-pair vs. HDSL 2pair

HDSL 1-pair: repeater mt na

HDSL

2-pair

HDSL 1-pair: c ly thng tin

khng nh hn HDSL 2-pair
nhiu

HDSL 1-pair: cung cp v bo

dng n gin

HDSL 1-pair vs. HDSL 2pair

ch li t HDSL (1/2)

Ch cn thm line card cho LE

v CPE vi dng HDSL n gin
nht

iu kin ng dy d dng:
24AGW c ly 3,6 Km - 26AGW
c ly
2,7 Km, cho php c 2
nhnh r
ngn hn 1,5 Km

Dng trm tip vn Doubler

t c c
ly gp i 7,93 Km

ch li t HDSL (1/2)

Wet HDSL: HDSL repeaters,

customer cards c nui ngun
t LE

S dng OSS (Operations

System
Support)
c sn
qun l HDSL

C th trin khai HDSL vi 80

90 %
ng dy

Gi thnh r hn T1/E1 v lp
t nhanh chng hn

Hn ch ca HDSL (1/2)

C n 2 tiu chun cho HDSL

ca
Bellcore
v ETSI

Khch hng khng thy c

li ch trc tip t HDSL so vi
T1/E1

ng dy di vn phi dng
repeater

Ph tn ca 2B1Q khng ti u

Hn ch ca HDSL (2/2)

C ly trung bnh hao 1/2 s dy

C ly di hao 2/3 s dy

Thit b cng h gi th gi
thnh dy cng quan trng

Kh kim c 2 hay 3 ng
dy
cn trng

Tm tt

HDSL dng thay th T1/E1

SDSL l HDSL dng trn 1 i

dy

HDSL dng iu ch 2B1Q

SDSL dng iu ch 2B1Q hay

CAP

HDSL v SDSL i xng, dng

cho
hn l

mi trng doanh nghip

dn dng

4 G.sdsl

G.sdsl l mt phng thc mi

da trn SDSL

Tc truyn dn c th thay
i c t 192 kbps n 2.3 Mbps

Chiu di vng dy di hn
30% so vi SDSL

Ci thin c ph tn

G.sdsl 1-pair

ADSL

Asymmetric
Digital
Subscriber
Line

Kin trc ADSL (1/4)

Kin trc ADSL (2/4)

Kin trc ADSL (3/4)

Kin trc ADSL (4/4)

Cu hnh ADSL ti CPE

Full rate: C b tch dch v

Lite: khng c b tch dch v

m thay bng cc b microfilter

Kin trc DSLAM (1/6)

Kin trc DSLAM (2/6)

DSLAM: DSL Access

Multiplexer

L thnh phn khng th thiu

c ca mt h thng DSL

DSLAM thng t CO, c th

l ca cc Local Exchange
Carrier:
ILEC: Incumbent Local
Exchange Carrier
CLEC: Competitive Local
Exchange Carrier

Kin trc DSLAM (3/6)

Cc khi chc nng trong kin

trc
DSLAM l khng bt buc

Kin trc ca cc DSLAM khc

nhau ty t tng loi DSL

Pha khch hng: h tr cc

loi
DSL: HDSL, SDSL, VDSL,
ADSL, IDSL v t khi h tr
T1/E1

DSLAM ghp knh thng k

hoc
ghp lu lng gi

Kin trc DSLAM (4/6)

Pha dch v: h tr giao tip

cc server ATM, IP, Broadband
server, ... qua:
Giao tip 10Base-T, 100Base-T
Giao tip T1, T3 hay E1, E3

RAM: Remote Access

Multiplexer
ghp knh thng
k t pha thu bao

DAM: Dynamic Access

Multiplexer
dng ghp knh
thng k

Kin trc DSLAM (5/6)

Kin trc DSLAM (6/6)

Mt DSLAM thng c 3 phn

SU (Service User): cc thit b

pha
khch hng: ATU-R, HTU-R,
...

NAP (Network Access

Provider): cc giao tip DSLAM
nh ATU-C, HTU-C, ...

NSP (Network Service

Provider): bao gm cc mng truy
xut ca cc
nh cung cp dch
v

M rng chc nng

DSLAM

DSLAM khng v c kh nng

nh
tuyn

M rng chc nng

DSLAM

DSLAM c chc nng chuyn

mch Frame relay

ADSL G.DMT system

Ph tn ca ADSL

M ng truyn trong
ADSL (1/3)

M ng truyn 2B1Q dng

trong HDSL truyn cc tn s bao
gm c tn s 0Hz

ADSL va truyn dn cc tn
hiu POTS c tn s 0 -> 3.4Khz v
cc dch v tc cao khc
-> Phi thay i m ng truyn

M ng truyn trong
ADSL (2/3)
3 m ng truyn c a ra
truyn dn tn hiu tc cao
QAM : Quadrature
Amplitude and Phase
Modulation
CAP : Mt bin th ca QAM

DMT : Discrete MultiTone

iu ch DMT
ANSI chun ho m ng
truyn cho ADSL l DMT do kh
nng chng nhiu tt
DMT phn chia knh truyn
thnh cc knh con, c gi l
cc tone
Mi tone c iu ch QAM
trn mt sng mang ring. Cc
sng mang ny l cc bi s
ca mt tn s c bn

u im ca iu ch
DMT

Tt c cc knh u c lp
khng ph thuc vo tnh cht
ng truyn do cc knh s
c gii m c lp nhau

M ho ti u cho mi knh l
m ho khng nh -> d dng thc
hin

C th t c dung lng knh

theo l thuyt tnh ton ca Shannon

S khi ca DMT

iu ch DMT dng 256 knh

tn s cho d liu hng xung v
32 knh cho d liu hng ln.

Tt c cc knh u c di
thng 4.3125Khz v khong cch
an ton gia cc knh cng l

S chi tit DMT

Bin i S/P
(Serial/paralel)

iu ch QAM (1/5)

iu ch QAM (2/5)

iu ch QAM (3/5)

iu ch QAM (4/5)

iu ch QAM (5/5)

iu ch DMT (1/5)

iu ch DMT (2/5)

iu ch DMT (3/5)

iu ch DMT (4/5)

iu ch DMT (5/5)

Gii iu ch DMT

Xuyn nhiu gia cc k

hiu (ISI)

Dng Cyclic Prefix gim ISI

(1/3)

Dng Cyclic Prefix gim

ISI (2/3)

Dng TEQ gim ISI (3/3)

TEQ (b cn bng thi gian) : l mt

b lc tuyn tnh FIR dng gim
thiu giao thoa gia cc k hiu (ISI) v
giao thoa gia cc knh (ICI)

B cn bng tn s (FEQ)
(1/2)
Nguyn nhn : Cc h s
FFT (cc im trong chm sao)
b mo bi knh truyn
Gii php : Dng b cn
bng trong min tn s (FEQ)
bin i knh truyn
Thc hin : Dng b lc bc
N/2 vi cc h s phc

B cn bng tn s (FEQ)
(2/2)

STM - ATU-C transport

STM ATU-R transport

ATM - ATU-C transport

ATM ATU-R transport

Dung lng truyn ti

H thng ADSL c th truyn dn
ng thi 7 lung d liu trn 7
knh
tinti tin n cng c lp
4 ti
knh
ng xung (t CO ti user) : AS0
->
AS3
3 knh ti tin song cng (2
chiu gia CO v user) : LS0 -> LS2
Tc ca cc knh ti tin l bi s
ca 32 kbps, tc ny c thit
lp trong giai on khi to v
hun luyn

STM transport
transmission
capacity
Largest
Bearer
channel

Lowest Required
Integer Multiple

Required
Integer
Multiple

AS0

n0 = 192

AS1

n1 = 144

4608

AS2

n2 = 96

3072

AS3

n3 = 48

1536

LS0

m0 = 20

640

LS1

m1 = 20

640

LS2

m2 = 20

640

Corresponding
Highest
Required Data Rate
(kbit/s)

6144

STM transport
Transmission capacity
Transport class

Optional Duplex Bearers

may be Transported (1)

1 or 2M-1
(minimum range)
2,3 or 2M-2
(mid range)

Configuration
Kbps
Configuration
Configuration
Configuration

4 or 2M-3

160 Kbps

that

1: 160 Kbps + 384

2: 576 Kbps
1: 160 Kbps
2: 384 Kbps

(2)

Active ADSL
Subchannels
LS1, LS2
LS2
LS1
LS2
LS1

ADSL h tr E-carrier
Subchannel
AS0
AS1
AS2

Sub-channel Data Rate

n0 2048 Kbps
(optional)
n1 2048 Kbps
(optional)
n2 2048 Kbps
(optional)

Allowed values of
nx
n0 = 0, 1, 2, 3
n1 = 0, 1, 2
n2 = 0, 1

STM - ATU-C (V-C)

transport

ATM - ATU-C (V-C)

transport
ATM layer

ATM0

Tx_ATM0

P
Tx_Cell_Handshake0

O
R

Rx_ATM0

T
0

ATM1
P
O
R
T
1

ATU-C

Rx_Cell_Handshake0

Tx_ATM1
Tx_Cell_Handshake1
Rx_ATM1
Rx_Cell_Handshake1

NTR
Digital Network

Operations, administration,
maintenance and control
V-C

T1532380-99

Slip principle

ATM cell delineaction

Tnh CRC trn 4 octet u:

Cng vi 0101 0101 trnh

trt
bit, khng dng cc gi tr
,

ADSL Superframe (ATUC)

Fast byte format (ATU-C)

trong vng m d liu
nhanh
Odd-numbered frames
(immediately follow even-numbered
frame to the left)

Even-numbered frames

msb
Frames 0, 1
Frames 34, 35

Frames eoc
2-33,
36-67 Synch
Control

lsb

msb

lsb

crc7 crc6 crc5 crc4 crc3 crc2 crc1 crc0

ib7

ib15 ib14 ib13 ib12 ib11 ib10 ib9

ib23 ib22 ib21 ib20 ib19 ib18 ib17 ib16

ib8

eoc6 eoc5 eoc4 eoc3 eoc2 eoc1

r1

sc7

sc1

sc6

sc5 sc4

sc3

sc2

ib6 ib5

ib4

ib3 ib2

ib1

eoc13 eoc12 eoc11 eoc10 eoc9 eoc8 eoc7

sc7

sc6

sc5

sc4

sc3

sc2

sc1

ib0

T1532420-99

1 bit
8 bits
In all frames bit 7 = MSB and bit 0 = LSB.

Sync byte format (ATU-C)

trong vng m d liu
ghp xen
msb

Frame 0

If signals are allocated to

interleave buffer:

Synch
Control

crc7

crc6

crc5

crc4

crc3

crc2

crc1

crc0

sc7

sc6

sc5

sc4

sc3

sc2

sc1

sc0

aoc7

aoc6

aoc5

aoc4

aoc3

aoc2

aoc1

aoc0

Frames 1-67
If no signals are allocated to
interleave buffer:

aoc

NOTE The names "fast byte" and "sync byte" are abbreviations for, and are used interchangeably with,
"fast synchronization byte" and "interleaved synchronization byte", respectively.

T1535390-00

Fast data buffer (ATU-C)

AEX A(S) Extention byte: c

chn vo trong khung ng b
gia
knh
ASx
LEXcc
L(S)
Extention
byte: c
chn vo trong khung ng b
gia cc knh Asx v LSx

Fast data buffer (ATU-C)

Interleaved data buffer:

ATU-C

Interleaved data buffer:

ATU-C

Scramblers

Hm gi ngu nhin:

6 G.lite ADSL

c thit k cho truy xut

Internet

t c c ly thng tin ngn

hn

Tc d liu thp hn

Gi thit b, dch v r hn

Lp t n gin

Dng k thut fast retrain

cho
thoi v ADSL chung mt
di tn

M hnh h thng G.lite

NT T-R

SM

T/S

V-C

Broadband
network

P
H
Y

ATU-R

ATU-C

Narrowband
network

GSTN or ISDN

lp
Splitter
C

Home
network
SM

hp

U-C 2
hp

P
H
Y

U-R
loop
U-C

U-R

Customer
premises
wiring

lp
(optional)

Telephone set,
voiceband modem,
or ISDN terminal

Signal lines
Interfaces
NOTE An optional ATU-R splitter may be utilized to isolate customer premises wiring and voiceband
equipment from the ADSL signal.

T1533300-99

S khi my pht
G.lite

Xn
n=0
to
NIDFT 1

C
Constellation
Encoder
Input Data Frame

PMD/TC
Interface

AS0
(ATU-C)

NTR (ATU-C)
OAM

Mux/Sync Control

LS0
ATM
(ATU-R)
TC

crc

Scrambler
and FEC

A
Mux Data
Frame

Interleaver

B
FEC Output
Data Frame

Tone Ordering

IDFT

ATM0

Constellation
Encoder
and
Gain
Scaling

Output
Serial/
Parallel
Buffer

Zi'
i=1
to
NSC1
DAC and
Analog
Processing
T1533310-99

7 Dch v trn ADSL

1

M hnh dch v qua DSL

T1/E1 qua DSL

Frame relay v ATM qua DSL

IP qua ADSL

TV v video qua DSL

Thoi qua DSL

1 M hnh dch v DSL

tng qut

Mt s dch v ADSL
(1/2)

ADSL Premium/Lite
Premium:
Downstream: 8Mbps
Upstream: 640Kbps
Lite:
Downstream: 1Mbps
Upstream: 256Kbps

Mt s dch v ADSL
(2/2)

ADSL My-IP

Downstream: 1,5Mbps
Upstream: 384Kbps

ADSL Multi-IP
Downstream: 2Mbps
Upstream: 512Kbps

M hnh dch v N64

2 T1/E1 over DSL

T1/E1 over DSL

Gim gi dch v T1/E1 dng

HDSL
Khng cn b nhnh r
Khng cn trm tip vn

ng dng T1/E1 vo chuyn

vn
trong sut
IP, Frame Relay
N64, ATM

T1/E1 over DSL

Cung cp kt ni t MTSO n
cc cell site khc nhau
MTSO: Mobile Telephone
Switching Office

SDSL cung cp T1/E1 qua mt

i dy

T1/E1 khng trin khai c

trn
ADSL

T1/E1 over DSL trong

mi trng thng tin di
ng

ng dng ca DSL cho

vn phng t xa,
Telecommuter

3 M hnh FRoDSL

M hnh FR

M hnh FR

Frame Relay over DSL

(1/2)
DSL thay cc ng truyn

56/64Kbps, T1/E1:
Tng dung lng ln 2,3 Mbps
D cung cp dch v hn
Gii quyt tc nghn ti vng
thu bao

Hiu qu kinh t hn do gim

c cc trm tip vn, khng
phi g b cc nhnh r

Frame Relay over DSL

(2/2)
Dng SLM DSL cho php thc
hin

SLA end-to-end

Thc hin NSP (Network

Service
Provider)

Interworking FRF.8:
RFC 1490: FR FR
RFC 1490: FR FR

Frame Relay over DSL

SLM DSL

Campus environment

DSL in private/campus
network

DSL trong cc chung c

4. Dch v IP/LAN dng

m hnh lp 2 (1/3)

Dch v IP/LAN dng m

hnh lp 3 (2/3)

Dch v IP/LAN dng m

hnh ATM (3/3)

Voice over DSL

Cc yu cu ca th
trng i vi VoDSL
(1/2)
VoDSL phi l dch v in

thoi
thc s:
Cht lng: r rng, di, tr
khng bit c
Kt ni c mi thit b POTS:
my T quay s bng LD,
DTMF, my fax, modem, ...

Ghp ti thiu 4 n 12 knh

thoi

Cc yu cu ca th
trng i vi VoDSL
(2/2)
Thc hin trong sut cc c
tnh
Area

CLASS (Customer Local

Signalling Service)

S dng di tn ng cho
thoi, nn thoi

Five nine reliable nh telco

solution: tin cy 99,999%

D cung cp v d qun l

CLASS Features

Hin th:
Caller ID
Caller ID on Call Waiting

T chi:
Anonymous Call Rejection
Selective Call Rejection

Selective Call Forwarding

Automatic Recall