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Terms
Acids
Taste sour
Cause color change plant
dye
will react with metals to
produce H2 gas
Will react with carbonates,
bicarbonates to produce CO2
Aqueous acid solutions
conduct electricity
Bases
Taste bitter
Feel slippery
Cause color change plant dye
Aqueous base solutions conduct
electricity
examples
Identify acid-base pairs for
the ff reactions.
Practice
Which of the following
does not constitute a
conjugate acid-base pair?
Acid-base properties of
water
Autoionization of water
Autoionization of water
(PRODUCT
Pure water at 25 C
o
Assignment
Calculate the concentration of OHions in a HCl solution whose
hydrogen ion concentration is 1.3 M.
pH-a measurement of
acidity
Negative logarithm of
the hydrogen ion
concentration in (mol/L)
pH values
pH Meter
pOH
Write the relationship of pH
and pOH.
Exercise
In a NaOH solution, [OH-] is
2.9 x 10-4 M. Calculate the pH
of the solution.
(pH + pOH = 14)
Assignment
The OH- ion concentration
of a blood sample is 2.5 x
10-7 M. what is the pH of the
blood?
In this picture,
which do you
think has the
stronger acid?
Zn metal in acid
solutions.
PROPERTIES OF
CONJUGATE-ACID BASE
PAIRS
H3O+ is the strongest acid that can
exist in aqueous solution. Acids
stronger than H3O+ react with
water to produce H3O+ and their
conjugate base.
Example problem
Calculate the pH of (a) a 1.0 x
10-3 M HCl solution and (b) a
0.020 M Ba(OH)2 solution.
PREDICTING DIRECTION OF
EQUILIBRIUM
Ka
Ka, acid dissociation constant
The equilibrium constant for
weak acids
Assumption and
approximation
Assignment
Calculate the pH of a 0.036
M of HNO2 solution.(Ka=4.5
x 10-4)
What is the pH of a 0.122 M
monoprotic acid whose Ka is
5.7 x 10-4?
seatwork
Write solutions on
your notes.
Using le chateliers
The extent to which a weak acid
ionizes depends on the initial
concentration of the acid.
The more dilute, the greater the
percent ionization.
comparison
What is the pH of a
0.40 M ammonia
solution?
Assignment
Calculate the pH of
0.26 M methylamine
solution.
Kb=4.4 x 10-4
assignment
Calculate the concentrations of
all the species present at
equilibrium for 0.20 M solution of
oxalic acid.
Ka1= 6.5 x 10-2
Ka2= 6.1 x 10-5
Oxoacids
Electronegativity of the
central atom (within a
group)
HClO3 > HBrO3
Organic acids,
carboxylic
acids
ACID-BASE properties of
salts
Salt hydrolysis- reaction of the
cation or the anion of the salt or
both with water.
Usually affects the pH of the
solution
Problem
Calculate the pH of a 0.15 M solution
of sodium acetate. What is the
percent hydrolysis?
(Kb= 5.6 x 10-10)
Assignment
Calculate the pH of a 0.24 M
sodium formate solution
(HCOONa).
Kb=5.9 x 10-11
Guidelin
es
Practice
Predict whether the solution
of the following is basic,
acidic or nearly neutral.
A) NH4I
B) NaNO2
C) FeCl3
D)NH4F