Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Barbara Weightman
Copyright 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Field Note:
Key Question
Where did the Industrial
Revolution begin, and how did
it diffuse?
Diffusion
to Mainland Europe
Concept Caching:
Fenway Park, Boston, MA
Field Note
Paris and the Paris
Basin form the
industrial as well as
agricultural heart of
France. The city and
region are served by the
Seine River, along which
lies a string of ports
from Le Havre at the
mouth to Rouen at the
head of navigation for
oceangoing ships. Rouen
has become a vital
center on Frances
Figure 12.6
industrial map.
Key Question
How have the character and
geography of industrial
production changed?
Fordist Production
Fordist production: was the dominant mode of
mass production that endured from 1945 to 1970,
named for Henry Ford.
The Fordist period is marked by a surge in both
mass production and mass consumption.
Vertical integration
Friction of distance: the increase in time and cost
that usually comes with increased distance over
which commodities must travel.
Ex.: furniture manufacturing
Fordist Production
Agglomeration
British economist Alfred Marshall:
localization
Geographer Alfred Weber: least cost theory
focused on a factory owners desire to
minimize three categories of costs:
1. Transportation
2. Labor
3. Agglomeration
2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Field Note
Humen is one of the Pearl River Delta cities that has been transformed
by the rise of China. The small textile factory I visited provided insights
into the opportunities and challenges that are confronting China today.
The 40 or so employees were mostly young, but there were a few older
folks. They were making womens clothes for the French market.
Key Question
How have deindustrialization and
the rise of service industries
altered the economic geography of
production?
Fayetteville, Arkansas
For most geographers, the
simple act of daily observation
of the world around them
becomes a profoundly
satisfying habit. For the last 17
years, my daily observations
have been of the rapidly
changing urban/economic
landscape of northwest
Arkansas, one of the fastest
growing metropolitan areas in
the United States.
Credit: Fiona M. Davidson,
University of Arkansas
Figure 12.18
Fayetteville, Arkansas.
High-Technology Clusters
The goal of a high-technology corridor is to attract
designers of computers, semiconductors,
telecommunications, sophisticated medical
equipment, etc. Ex.: Californias Silicon Valley
Growth pole spurred economic development in the
surrounding area.
Technopole: an area planned for high technology
where agglomeration built on a synergy among
technological companies occurs.
High-technology industries have become such an
important symbol of the postindustrial world that
local, regional, and national governments often
aggressively pursue firms in this sector.
2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tourism Services
The tourism boom began in the global
economic core as incomes and leisure time
increased for a rapidly expanding segment
of the population.
Tourism is likely to continue to expand
despite dips in travel at the beginning and
end of the first decade of the twenty-first
century.
The economic impacts of tourist-related
development are far-reaching.
Additional Resources
:Port of Rotterdam
http://www.portofrotterdam.com
Nike
http://www.nikebiz.com/company_overvi
ew
Walmarts influence on Bentonville,
Arkansas
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontlin
e/shows/walmart
2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.