CHEMICAL PRODUCT DESIGN

ASSIGNMENT 1

CHAPTER 1:
BACKGROUND

Source:
Pew Forums forthcoming report on the
Worlds Muslim population, 2011.
Pew Research Centers Forum

Jilbab in Indonesia
Indonesia is tropical countries with
only two seasons: the summer and
the rainy season.
At the summer season, Jilbab user,
especially those who doing their
activity outdoor, will quickly feel hot
and not comfortable.
Vice versa, at the rainy season, they
will get wet when they dont have the
umbrella or rain coat.

So, the problem formulation in

this condition is

How to design an
improved jilbab that is
suitable in Indonesias
weather?

Problem Identification

The need for a Jilbab that is suitable for the

tropics climate, especially in Indonesia. In
this case, the waterproof and resistant to
heat Jilbab.

Problem Boundaries
The needs of waterproof Jilbab gathered
from survey are only observed from people
lived in Depok, especially in Universitas
Indonesia.

CHAPTER 2:
LITERATURE REFERENCE

Type of Fabric used in Jilbab

Waterproof vs Water repellent

.

Waterproof fabric: the pores are filled with

appropriate substances, resulting in a fabric
having a continuous surface and very low air
permeability

Water-repellent fabric: the fibres of the fabric

is usually coated with a hydrophobic type of
compound. The pores are not filled, makes it
quite permeable to air and water vapour

REQUIREM
ENTS
OF
WATERPR
OOF
FABRIC
Water resistance
Durability
Good washable
Water vapour
transmitions

1. Oil Cloth

Made from 100% vinyl. Completely waterproof.

Shiny, durable, and quite thick

Usually used for table cloth, aprons, mats.

2. PUL, or Polyurethane Laminate

-Not only waterproof, but also breathable
-Has 2 sides, one side is made from polyester knit
and the other side has a laminate coating applied,
that make it waterproof.
3. Rip-stop Fabric
- Made from nylon threaded material
- Strong and tough, resistant to tearing and ripping
- Not breathable, doesnt stretch/
- Usually used for tents, and hot air balloon, bags,
shower curtain, table cloth.

Type of
Waterproof
Fabric

3. Polyester

Usually used to increase the quality of certain

kinds of fabrics, such as: resistance to wrinkling,

A hard effect to fabric, and strength.

Filaments and staple fibres are hydrophobic

4. Nylon

The waterproofness depends on how tight the

yarns and fibres are and how well they are treated
for waterproofness

Stiffness 20-40 gm/den.

Soft and smooth

Has a good dimension stability, perfect to be

used as ladies gloves, ladies hose, under wear,

swimming wear, stocking, hosiery fabric, etc.

CHAPTER 3:
NEEDS
&
IDEAS

Characteristic of Respondent
Based on age

Based on profession

4%4%

2%

9%

81%

student
house wife
career
woman
entrepeneur
PNS/TNI/POL
ICE

Respondents consist of student, house

wife, entrepreneur, a career woman , and
PNS/TNI/Police.

4%

10% 14%

15-19
20-27
28-35

72%

> 35

This grouping is based on the age who use

jilbab for daily and occasionally for all
respondents were numbered 126 people
Be
Be categorized
categorized as
as teens
teens for
for age
age 15-19
15-19 (using
(using
jilbab
jilbab after
after baligh),
baligh), productive
productive age
age 20-27,
20-27, 28-35
28-35
with
with status
status married,
married, and
and over
over 35
35 adult.
adult.

Customer
Requirement
Considering the
reason to buy jilbab

Considering the price

15%
30%

11%
55%

Considering the type

of jilbab

Raw
Material
Color
Price

More than 99 respondents (55%)

determine which raw material is
the main basis in the selection of
jilbab.
This indicates most of respondent
prioritize comfort while wearing
jilbab

22%

28%

39%

Rp20.000 Rp30.000
Rp31.000 Rp40.000
Rp41.000 Rp50.000
>Rp50.000
>Rp100.000

9% 10%
19%
62%

bergo
paris /
pola segi
empat
pashmina
syar'i

The respondents using different type

according their ages.
For range ages in category teens,
productive, and status married they like
to using jilbab paris (62%) meanwhile in
category adults almost all the
respondents like to using bergo for daily
needed.

INTERPRETING
NEEDS
Deficiencies of Jilbab

19%

15%

4%

21%

11%
18%

11%

moist
hot
not water resistant
easy fall apart
bad smell
folding
pin marker

- hot when used (21%)

- there is mark of pin that left on
the jilbab (19%)
- easy to fall apart (18%).

Pricelist of New Product

35.000-45.000

46.000-55.000

10%
38%
52%

>56.000

List of Needs
No

List of Customer Needs

No

List of Customer Needs

Jilbab which has nice design

15

Jilbab which has thick layer

Jilbab which has nice color

16

Jilbab which cool to use

Jilbab which reachable price

17

Jilbab which can absorbs sweat

Jilbab which always neat

18

Jilbab which easy to set up

Jilbab which cool to use

19

Jilbab with the price range 20.000 to 50.000

Jilbab which water resistance

20

Jilbab with various color

Jilbab which easy to set up

21

Jilbab which cool to use

Jilbab which various type

22

Jilbab which has good smell

Jilbab which absorbs heat

23

Jilbab which easy to set up

10

Jilbab which cool to use

24

Jilbab which always neat

11

Jilbab which always neat

25

Jilbab which cool to use

12

Jilbab which water resistance

26

Jilbab which always neat

13

Jilbab which making the hair to breathe

27

Jilbab which has good smell

14

Jilbab always neat

28

Jilbab which has thick layer

No

List of Customer Needs

29

Jilbab which easy to clean up

30

Jilbab which has nice color

31

Jilbab which comfort to use

32

Jilbab which has cheap price

33

Jilbab which anti-bacterial

34

Jilbab which has mild material

35

Jilbab which can use for long time

36

Jilbab which has thick layer

37

Jilbab which has good design

38

Jilbab which dirty hardly

39

Hijah which has more than 1 layer

40

Jilbab which has neck cover

41

Jilbab which can use in hot and cold condition

42

Jilbab which the price range 35.000-55.000

After classifying the needs into groups,

we give rank to each need. The rank
order based on the category below:
1= Undesirable
2= Not important
3= Nice to have
4= Highly desirable
5= Essential

No

Needs

Rank

Performance
7

Jilbab which cool when used

13

Jilbab which comfort to use

Jilbab which easy to set up

Jilbab which resistance to heat

10

Jilbab which can absorbs sweat

Jilbab which always neat

Jilbab that has waterproof characteristic

Jilbab that makes hair have space to breathe

12

Jilbab which easy to clean up

17

Jilbab that lasted long

20

Jilbab which can be used in hot and cold condition

18

Jilbab which not easy to be dirty

Properties
1

Jilbab which has variation

16

Jilbab which has mild material

Retailing & Price

11

Jilbab which has low price

Jilbab which reachable price

Grouping
List of
Needs

CHAPTER 4:
SPECIFICATI
ON

Number

13
5
6

Needs

Fabric That Cool When Used

Fabric That Comfort When
Used
Fabric Which Easy To Set Up
Fabric Which Resistance To
Heat

Rank
Performance

Specification

Unit

Thickness
Viscose Composition
Nilon Composition
Thermal Absortivity

gsm
%
%
ws0.5/n2/K

Cotton Composition

Roughness
Stiffnesss
Cotton Composition

micron
lbf
%

Nylon Composition

Absorbance
Stiffness
Drape
Permeability
Nylon Composition
Tightness Of The Yarns And
Fibers Woven Into Fabric
Air Cirulation
Efficient Time To Wash

g/cm3
lbf
g/m2
ft/min
%

10

Fabric That Can Absorb

Sweat

Fabric That Always Neat

Fabric That Has Waterproof

Characteristic

Fabric That Makes Hair Have

Space To Breath

Fabric Washable

12

yarn per centi meter

cm3/cm2/s
minutes

List of
Metrics

No

13
5
6
10

Needs

Fabric That Cool When Used

Fabric That Comfort When
Used
Fabric Which Easy To Set Up
Fabric Which Resistance To
Heat
Fabric That Can Absorb Sweat

Rank
Performance
5

gsm
%
%
ws0.5/n2/K

Cotton Composition

Roughness
Stiffnesss
Cotton Composition

micron
lbf
%

Nylon Composition

Absorbance
Stiffness
Drape
Permeability
Nylon Composition

g/cm3
lbf
g/m2
ft/min
%

5
4

Fabric That Always Neat

Fabric That Has Waterproof

Characteristic

Fabric That Makes Hair Have

Space To Breath
Fabric Washable

Unit

Thickness
Viscose Composition
Nilon Composition
Thermal Absortivity

12

Specification

4
3

Tightness Of The Yarns And Fibers Woven yarn per

Into Fabric
centi meter
Air Cirulation

cm3/cm2/s

Efficient Time To Wash

minutes

List of
Metrics

No

Needs

Rank
Specification
Performance

Fabric Which Has Nice Design

Fabric Which Has Lots Design

Unit

Eye Catching

subj

Type

subj

Color

subj

Thickness

mm

Layer Quantity

amount of layer

16

Fabric Which Has Mild Material

19

Fabric That Thick Enough

Density

g/cm3

21

Fabric That Has Low Price

Unit Manufacturing

Rp

22

Fabric That Has A Reachable

Price

Unit Manufacturing

Rp

List of
Metrics
(Contd)

Based on Table, some

needs may be have more
than one specifications
and some specifications
may quantify more than
one need. Here is matrix
for metrics and needs

Existing
Product

EXISTING
PRODUCT
1. Veil Jilbab ($21,98)
Product Specifications:

100% Nylon

63" length x 24" width

Benefits:

Water-repellent and sweat-wicking capabilities to keep you dry

Climate Control technology keeps darker colours 7-10 degrees cooler, while
protecting lighter colours against harmful UV rays

Oil-repellent and stain release management

Laser-cut edges to keep precision at a maximum and chaffing at a minimum

Cons:

Only available in 3 colour

Price is expensive

Only sold via internet

2. Umbrella and Raincoat

The fabric of many raincoats is

made of a blend of two or more of
the following materials: cotton,
polyester, nylon, and/or rayon.

The material used in making

raincoats makes the raincoat itself
stiff and heavy.

Umbrella canopy is usually made

from parachute fabric and nylon.

Umbrella is usually
Rp30.000 Rp50.000.

The raincoat is usually sold for

Rp35.000 Rp60.000, or even
higher, depending on the quality of
the raincoat.

sold

for

Benchmarking

Benchmarking is the next step to determine the specifications of our

product. By doing benchmarking, we obtain specification of existing
product so we can determine what are our products strengths
compared to the existing products.
Notes:

*
(dot) refers to subjective value

Poor

Acceptable

Expectable

Highly expectable

Outstanding
Product A : Veil Jilbab Product B : Umbrella C : Raincoat

No

Needs

Rank

Performance
7

Fabric which cool when used

****

**

***

13

Fabric which comfort to use

****

***

****

Fabric which easy to set up

****

10

Fabric which can absorbs sweat

**

Fabric which always neat

****

**

****

Fabric that has waterproof characteristic

****

****

****

Fabric which resistance to heat

****

***

13

Fabric which makes hair have space to breath

***

****

12

Fabric which easy to clean up

****

**

17

Fabric that lasted long

***

***

**

20

Fabric which can used in hot and cold condition

****

****

18

Fabric which easy to be dirty

***

***

**

Table of
Benchmarking

No

Ran

Needs

Properties
1

Fabric which has variation

**

***

****

16

Fabric which has mild material

****

**

***

19

Fabric which not transparency

****

**

***

Retailing & Price

11

Fabric which has low price

21

Fabric which reachable price

****

****

Table of
Benchmarking
(Contd)

List of Specification
No

Needs

Fabric that cool when used

Marginal
Value

Ideal
Value

120
40
80

120
30
80-100

120
ND
ND

ws0.5/n2/K

200

100-300 150-300

60

60-100

ND

6 sd 16

5 sd 18

7 sd 15
60-100

3 sd 17
ND

80-100

ND

Rank

Specification

Unit

Performance
thickness
viscose composition
nilon composition

gsm
%
%

Thermal Absortivity

Own

13

Fabric that comfort when

used

cotton composition

Fabric which easy to set up

roughness

micron

Fabric which resistance to

heat

stiffnesss
cotton composition

lbf
%

8 sd
10
10
60

10

Fabric that can absorb sweat

Nylon composition

80

Fabric that always neat

absorbance
stiffness
drape

g/cm3
lbf
g/m2

0.5
10
180

Fabric that has waterproof

characteristic

Permeability

ft/min

nylon composition

80

0.1-1
0.1-1
7 sd 15 6 sd 15
110-300 110-300
6.66.6-17.5
17.5
80-100 70-150

No

Needs

Rank

Specification

Unit

Own

Marginal
Value

Ideal Value

15

14-36

13-40

8 sd 10

6 sd 16

8 sd 15

180

100-230

<230

3 minute

5 minutes

ND

Performance

tightness of the yarns and fibers

woven into fabric

Fabric that makes hair have

space to breath

roughness
air cirulation

12

Fabric washable

efficient time to wash

yarn per
centi
meter
micron
cm3/cm2/
s
minutes

strech factor
%
5
5 sd 15
<15
17
abricwe
adurablehave enough
2
Although
option
to
choose
for
our
ideal
value,
Resistant to abration
cycle
80
>60
> 50
Conductivity
Thermal
W/Mk
0.05
0.033-0.1
0.033-0.15
Fabric whichto
can bemake
used in hot a concept
we
need
that
better
than
existing
products.
20
2
and cold condition
Permeability
ft/min
10
6.6-17.5
6.6-18
We need to choose just several
aspect into the concept as our
Properties
1
Fabric which has nice design
eyecatching
subj
***
***
ND
strong
point rather 5 than having
all
of
the
good
point
in
our
various type
subj
***
****
ND
8
Fabric which has lots design
4
color
subj
**
****
ND
concept, which will raise thevarious
production
cost
drastically
thickness
mm
****
ND
16

Fabric which has mild material

19

Fabric that thick enough

21
22

Fabric that has low price

Fabric that has a

has some layer

density
Retailling & Price

amount of
layer
g/cm3

>1

ND

1.49

1.46-1.54

1.36-1.6

unit manufacturing cost

Rp

45,000

12,500

ND

unit manufacturing cost

Rp

60,000

50,000

ND

CONCLUSI
ON

Based on the customers needs elaboration and benchmark with similar

products, there are several things that can be concluded which are:
1.

Based on survey, there are still problems that jilbab users had when
using the existing jilbab product.

2.

We have interviewed 126 respondents based on age and profession. From

that survey, we know that the main problems when using jilbab is hot
when used (21%), there is mark of pin that left on the jilbab (19%), and
easy to fall apart (18%).

3.

Based on the survey, we conclude that most of consumer wants a new

product of jilbab that is cool when used, water-resistant, and stay
neat.

4.

Major specifications that have to be fulfilled based on list specification

is better design of the jilbab, affordable price of jilbab, the stiffness
of fabric, thickness and composition of fabric.

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Anonim.
n.d.
The
Sewing
Directory:
Waterproof
Fabric
Guide.
[Online]
http://www.thesewingdirectory.co.uk/waterproof-fabric- guide/. Diakses pada 20 Februari 2016.

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