ARMM

(Autonomous Region in Muslim

Mindanao)

BALDECONZA,ELDIE M.
BSA 3C

History
For the most part ofPhilippines' history, the region and
most ofMindanaohave been a separate territory,
which enabled it to develop its own culture and identity.
The region has been the traditional homeland ofMuslim
Filipinossince the 15th century, even before the arrival
of theSpanishwho began to colonize most of the
Philippines in 1565.Muslimmissionaries arrived inTawiTawiin 1380 and started the conversion of the native
population toIslam. In 1457, theSultanate of Sulu was
founded, and not long after that the sultanates
ofMaguindanaoandBuayanwere also established. At
the time when most of the Philippines was
underSpanish rule, thesesultanatesmaintained their
independence and regularly challenged Spanish
domination of the Philippines by conducting raids on
Spanish coastal towns in the north and repulsing
repeated Spanish incursions in their territory. It was not
until the last quarter of the 19th century that the
Sultanate of Sulu formally recognized
Spanishsovereignty, but these areas remained loosely
controlled by the Spanish as their sovereignty was
limited to military stations and garrisons and pockets of

The Moros had a history of resistance against Spanish,

American, and Japanese rule for over 400 years. The
violent armed struggle against
theJapanese,Filipinos,Spanish, andAmericansis
considered by current Moro Muslim leaders as part of
the four centuries long "national liberation movement"
of the Bangsamoro (Moro Nation).[11]The 400-year-long
resistance against the Japanese, Americans, and
Spanish by the Moro Muslims persisted and morphed
into their current war for independence against the
Philippine state.
In 1942, during the early stages ofPacific Warof
theSecond World War, troops of the Japanese Imperial
Forces invaded and overran Mindanao and the
nativeMoro Muslims waged an insurgency against the
Japanese. Three years later, in 1945, combinedUnited
StatesandPhilippine Commonwealth Armytroops
liberated Mindanao, and with the help of local guerrilla
units ultimately defeated the Japanese forces occupying
the region.

PROVINCES
BASILAN
LANAO

DEL SUR
MAGUINDANAO
SULU
TAWI-TAWI

BASILAN
Basilanis an islandprovinceof thePhilippines. It is
the largest and northernmost of the major islands of
theSulu Archipelagoand is located just off the
southern coast ofZamboanga Peninsula. Its capital
isIsabela City. Basilan is home to three main ethnic
groups, the indigenousYakans, and the laterarrivingTausugsandChavacanos. The Yakans and
Tausugs are predominantly Muslim, while the
Chavacanos are mainly Christian. There are also a
number of smaller groups.

SECULAR

BASILAN PROVINCIAL
CAPITOL

RELIGIOUS

KAUM PURNAH MOSQUE

PALACE

LANAO DEL SUR

Lanao del Sur has a long and colorful history to share.
Lanao is the home of theMaranaoSultanate known today
as the four principalities orPat a Pangampong sa Ranao,
namelyMasiu,Unayan,Balo-iandBayabao. The Sultanate
governs independently through an unwritten code referred
to asIgma Ago Taritib(Order and Consensus). Its political
power and domain is equally recognized by the state like
those in Sulu and Maguindanao.

In the heyday of colonialism, Lanao is proud to have

resisted the succeeding foray of Spanish, American and
Japanese intrusions. The saga of Maranao heroes who
fought bravely in the so-called Moro Wars during the
Spanish colonization along with their Tausug and
Maguindanao brothers are living proofs. The legendary
battles of Bayang, Sultan Gumander, Ganassi and Tugaya
records Maranao fighters armed withkris,spear, bow and
arrow faced the canons and rifles of the Americans,

The creation of Lanao del Sur is dated during the height of the
Commonwealth government campaign for settlement in
Mindanao. The undivided Lanao was administratively part and a
political unit of the Moro province by virtue of Philippine
Commission Act No. 787. Thereafter, in May 27, 1959 by virtue
of Republic Act No. 2228, the unified Lanao was divided into
two distinct provinces, namely Lanao del Sur and Lanao del
Norte.

Lanao del Sur was officially chartered on July 4, 1959.

Lanao del Sur went through phases of political changes. As a

result of the negotiated settlement with the MNLF (Tripoli
Agreement) during the Martial Law years, President Marcos
issued P.D. No. 742 which included Lanao del Sur in the
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). The
constituents of Lanao del Sur affirmed the province inclusion in
ARMM during the plebiscite on February 19, 1989. Although
Marawi City refused to join first, it reconsidered its position
later in 2001.

Lanao del Sur is currently composed of 39 municipalities and

Marawi City. It consists of 1,159 barangays and is divided into

SECULAR

PIAGAPO, LANAO DEL SUR

Piagapois a fourth
classmunicipalityin
theprovinceofLanao del
Sur,Philippines.According to the
2015 census, it has a population of
25,440 people.It is located in the
first district of the province of Lanao
del Sur, Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and has
total land area of 340.09 square
kilometers distributed over the 37
barangays that are predominantly
populated byMaranao people.

The Municipality was named Piagapo as the word

relates closely to several Royal Houses of the Pat
A Pangampong a Ranao. It is believe that during
the ancient time, Piagapo was territorial land
originally ruled by a queen ruler Dayang Labi,
a direct descendant of Sharief Kabungsuan, the
first Muslim Missionary who landed in
Maguindanao to spread the religion Islam. Being
queen ruler of the land, she was popularly
enthroned and widely known as the Bai sa
Radapan. Furthermore, to retain her name and
legacy in the history of Piagapo, one of the
Barangays was named after her title as the Bai sa
radapan. It was called Radapan. This is the place
where most of her descendants reside. Moreover,
claimants of the Sultanate leadership in the
Different areas of Piagapo usually trace up their

On March 17, 1957, the President signed

Executive Order No. 431 Creating Piagapo
into a municipal district which took effect
effectively. The name Piagapo was proposed
by a group of leaders from Sendigan led by
Sultan a Diamla and presented by
Mangompia S. Gunting. The name Piagapo
was unanimously adopted as the name of the
Municipal district. Piagapo was then
converted into a regular municipality on July
1, 1965, by virtue of Executive Order No. 166
signed on August 27, 1965. Piagapo also
Divided into three districts namely, Sundigan
A Piagapo, Pat a Panoroganan, Bubonga
Marantao and composed of 37 barangay.

RELIGIOUS

BACOLOD GRANDE MOSQUE

Bacolod-Kalawi(formerlyBacolod
Grande) is a third classmunicipalityin
theprovinceofLanao del Sur,Philippines.
According to the 2010 census, it has a
population of 18,555 people.
The town's former name,Bacolod Grande,
was changed into its present name by
virtue ofMuslim Mindanao Autonomy Act
No. 32in 1994.

PALACE

MAGUINDANAO
Shariff Mohammed KabungsuwanofJohoreintroducedIslamin
the area at the end of the 15th century. He subsequently
married a local princess from theMaranaoTribe of Malabang
and Maguindanao Province, and established theSultanate of
Maguindanao. The Cotabato Valley formed the sultanate's
heartland but its influence extended from theZamboanga
PeninsulatoSarangani Bay andDavao.
TheSpaniardslaunched expeditions to subdue the area
throughout thecolonial erabut they never gained control of the
region until the middle of the 19th century after the Spaniards
established a military post at what is now Barangay Tamontaka,
one of the earliest Christian settlements founded south of the
Philippines, in present-dayCotabato City. Spaniards already took
with them Chabacanos andChabacano-speaking Muslims from
Zamboanga andBasilanandCebuanos. Chabacanos being
brought by Spaniards are the reason of existing Chabacano
dialect in Cotabato City calledCotabateo, evolved from
Zamboangueo.