SUMMARY OF THE

BLOOD VESSELS
DISTRIBUTION
Erial Bahar
2013

ARTERIES OF THE HEAD

AND NECK

Aortic arch

1. Brachiocephalic trunk
1. Right common carotid a. to the right side of
neck and head
2. Right subclavian a.
1.
2.

Right axillary a. to the right arm

Right vertebral a. to the brain

2. Left common carotid a. to left side

of neck and head
3. Left subclavian a.
1. Axillary a. to the left arm
2. Vertebral a. to the brain

Common Carotid Artery

1. External carotid artery
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Ascending pharyngeal
Superficial temporal
Maxillary

2. Internal carotid artery

1.Posterior communicating
2.Anterior cerebral
3.Middle cerebral

SUMMARY OF THE ARTERIES OF THE

HEAD
ANDCarotid
NECK
1. External
1. Superior thyroid
2. Lingual
3. Facial
4. Occipital
5. Posterior auricular
6. Ascending pharyngeal
7. Superficial temporal
8. Maxillary
2. Internal Carotid
1. Posterior communicating
2. Anterior cerebral
3. Middle cerebral

3. Vertebral Arteries (branches of the subclavian

arteries)
1. Anterior spinal
2. Posterior inferior cerebellar

4. Basilar Artery (formed by junction of vertebral

arteries)
1. Anterior inferior cerebellar
2. Superior cerebellar

Thoracic Aorta
a. Visceral branches
thoracic organs
1. Bronchial
2. Esophageal

: supplying

: Lung tissue
: Esophagus

b. Parietal branches
thoracic wall

: supplying

1. Intercostal
:Thoracic wall
2. Superior phrenic :Superior surface of
diaphragm

Major Arteries of
the Head and
Thorax

Abdominal Aorta
1.
2.

Inferior phrenic
diaphragm
Celiac trunk
1.
2.

Left gastric
Common hepatic :
1.
2.
3.

3.

: Stomach and esophagus

: Stomach and duodenum
: Stomach
: Liver

Splenic
1.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Gastroduodenal
Right gastric
Hepatic

: Adrenal gland and inferior surface of

: Spleen and pancreas

Left gastroepiploic
: Stomach

Lumbar
: Lumbar vertebrae and back muscles
Suprarenal
: Adrenal gland
Superior mesenteric :Pancreas, small intestine, and colon
Renal
: Kidney
Gonadal
1.
2.

Testicular (male)
Ovarian (female)

: Testis and ureter

: Ovary, ureter, and uterine tube

8. Inferior mesenteric :Descending colon and rectum

9. Median sacral
: Inferior vertebrae
10. Common iliac
1.
2.

External iliac
: Lower limb
Internal iliac
: Lower back, hip, pelvis, urinary bladder, vagina, uterus, rectum,
and external genitalia

ARTERIES OF THE PELVIC CAVITY

1. Common Iliac Arteries

1. Internal Iliac Arteries (Hypogastric
Arteries)
1. Superior gluteal : Hip muscles and
joint
2. Internal pudendal : Rectum, anus,
perineal muscles, external genitalia.
3. Obturator
4. Lateral sacral

2. External Iliac artery go to lower

extremities

Major Arteries of the

Abdomen and Pelvis

ARTERIES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY

Subclavian Arteries (right subclavian
originates from the brachiocephalic artery,
left subclavian originates directly from the
aorta)
1. Vertebral : Spinal cord and cerebellum form the
basilar artery
2. Internal thoracic : Diaphragm, mediastinum,
pericardium, anterior thoracic wall, and
anterior abdominal wall
3. Thyrocervical trunk : Inferior neck and shoulder

ARTERIES OF THE UPPER

EXTREMITY,CONT.

Axillary Arteries (continuation of

subclavian)
Thoracoacromial : Pectoral region and
shoulder
Lateral thoracic : Pectoral muscles,
mammary gland, and axilla
Subscapular : Scapular muscles

ARTERIES OF THE UPPER

EXTREMITY,CONT.

Brachial Arteries (continuation of

axillary arteries)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Deep brachial : Arm and humerus

Radial : Forearm
Deep palmar arch : Hand and fingers
Digital arteries : Fingers
Ulnar : Forearm
Superficial palmar arch : Hand and fingers
Digital arteries : Fingers

Anatomy and Physiology,

Seeley

ARTERIES OF THE LOWER

EXTREMITY
Femoral : Thigh, external genitalia, and anterior
abdominal wall
1. Deep femoral : Thigh, knee, and femur

Popliteal(continuation of the femoral artery)

1. Posterior tibial : Knee and leg
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Fibular (peroneal) : Calf and peroneal muscles and ankle

Medial plantar : Plantar region of foot
Digital arteries : Digits of foot
Lateral plantar : Plantar region of foot
Digital arteries : Digits of foot

2. Anterior tibial : Knee and leg

1. Dorsalis pedis : Dorsum of foot
2. Digital arteries : Digits of foot

VEINS OF THE HEAD AND

NECK REGIONS

Venous Sinuses of the Cranial Cavity

Internal Jugular Vein
1. Sigmoid sinus

Superior petrosal sinuses

inferior petrosal sinuses : Anterior portion of cranial cavity

2. Cavernous sinus

Ophthalmic veins : Orbit

3. Transverse sinus

Occipital sinus : Central floor of posterior fossa of skull

4. Superior sagittal sinus : Superior portion of cranial

cavity and brain
5. Straight sinus

Inferior sagittal sinus : Deep portion of longitudinal fissure

VEINS DRAINING THE HEAD AND

NECK
Brachiocephalic
Internal jugular Brain
Lingual : Tongue and mouth
Superior thyroid :Thyroid and deep posterior
facial structures (also empties into external
jugular)
Facial : Superficial and anterior facial
structures

External jugular : Superficial surface of

posterior head and neck

Veins of the Upper Limb

Subclavian (continuation of the axillary vein)
Axillary (continuation of the basilic vein)
Cephalic : Lateral arm, forearm, and hand (superficial veins
of the forearm and hand are variable)
Brachial : (paired, deep veins) : Deep structures of the arm
Radial vein : Deep forearm
Ulnar vein : Deep forearm

Basilic : Medial arm, forearm, and hand (superficial veins of

the forearm and hand are variable)
Median cubital : Connects basilic and cephalic veins
Deep and superficial palmar venous arches of the forearm:
Drain into superficial and deep veins
Digital veins : Fingers

Veins of the Lower Limb

External Iliac Vein (continuation of the femoral vein)

Femoral (continuation of the popliteal vein): Thigh
Popliteal
Anterior tibial : Deep anterior leg
Dorsal vein of foot : Dorsum of foot
Posterior tibial : Deep posterior leg
Plantar veins : Plantar region of foot

Fibular (peroneal) : Deep lateral leg and foot

Small saphenous :Superficial posterior leg and lateral side of foot

Great saphenous : Superficial anterior and medial leg, thigh, and

dorsum of foot
Dorsal vein of foot : Dorsum of foot
Dorsal venous arch : Foot
Digital veins : Toes

Veins Draining the Abdomen

and Pelvis

Inferior Vena Cava

Hepatic veins Liver (see hepatic portal system)

Common iliac
External iliac : Lower limb
Internal iliac : Pelvis and its viscera

Ascending lumbar : Posterior abdominal wall (empties

into common iliac, azygos, and hemiazygos veins)
Renal : Kidney
Suprarenal : Adrenal gland
Gonadal
Testicular (male) : Testis
Ovarian (female) : Ovary

Phrenic : Diaphragm

Hepatic Portal System

Hepatic Portal
Superior mesenteric : Small intestine and
most of the colon
Splenic Spleen
Inferior mesenteric : Descending colon and
rectum
Pancreatic : Pancreas
Left gastroepiploic : Stomach

Gastric : Stomach
Cystic : Gallbladder