SEDIMENT

TRANSPORT

ANALISA TRANSPORTASI
SEDIMEN SALURAN TERBUKA

ANALISA ANGKUTAN SEDIMEN

SUNGAI
1. SEDIMEN DASAR
1)

Karakteristik Material Dasar (Grain Size Graph, s)

2)
3)
4)

Geometri Sungai
Discharge Rating Curve (Qw vs H)
Lengkung Masa Debit.

2. SEDIMEN LAYANG
1)
2)
3)

Sediment Rating Curve (C vs Qw), atau (Qs vs Qw)

Discharge Rating Curve (Qw vs H)
Lengkung Masa Debit.

LENGKUNG DEBIT
Solo Hilir di Babat
10
f(x) = 0.12 x^0.59
8 R = 0.79
6
Kedalaman Air (m)

4
2
0

500

1,000
Q (m3/s)

1,500

2,000

LENGKUNG MASA DEBIT

BED LOAD

PARTICLE SIZE
DISTRIBUTION

BED LOAD TRANSPORT

Shields equation (shear stress
approach):
o c
q b S
o c
qb

qS

10

gd

q S
2

10

in which:
qb = bed load per unit width (m2/s)
q = unit discharge (m2/s)
= (s- )/ (0,06 < < 3,2)
d = representative particle diameter (1,56 mm
<d< 2,47 mm)
S = bed slope

BED LOAD TRANSPORT

Kalinske equation (shear stress
2
approach):
2
U
q
*

10
U* d
gd
b

in which:
qb = bed load per unit width (m2/s)
= (s- )/
g = acceleration due to gravity (m/s2)
U* = kecepatan geser (m/s)
d = diameter sedimen rerata (m)
Not be good for high transport rate

BED LOAD TRANSPORT

Schoklitsch equation (discharge

approach):
q 2.500S q q
3
2

qcr

cr

0,26

5
3

3
2

7
6

in which:
qb = bed load per unit width (kg/m.s)
q = unit discharge (m3/m.s)
qcr = unit discharge at threoshold condition
(m3/m.s)
= (s- )/

BED LOAD TRANSPORT

Meyer-Peter-Mueller equation
(energy slope approach):
RS

qb 8 gd
0,047
d

3
2

Cchannel

grain

3
2

in which:
12R
C 10log

qb = bed load per unit width (m2/s)

k
R = hydraulic radius (m)
S = bed slope (-)
= dependent on bedform (-)
g = percepatan gravitasi (m/s2)
d = diamater rerata butiran sedimen (m)

MEASUREMENT OF
SUSPENDED LOAD
1. Bed Load Sampling
2. Suspended Sediment Sampling
1)
2)
3)
4)

Vertical Concentration Gradient

Sampling Location
Depth-Integrating Sampler
Point Integrating Sampler

3. Continuous Turbidity Measurement

1) Type of Turbidimeters
2) Relationship between Turbidity and
Suspended Solids
3) Limitations of Turbidity Data

BEDLOAD MEASUREMENT
Title: Small Bedload Sampler
Description: Named for coinventors Ed Helley and
Winchell Smith; built in the
1960s by Vigus and Lyle,
machinists in the Geology
Department of the University of
California, Berkeley. This
sampler was first used in
California and later at several
locations around the country.
Bedload samplers are used to
sample sand, silt, gravel or rock
debris carried by a stream or
immediately above the stream
bed. This sampler weighs 65 lb,
larger versions weigh over 100

Measured bedload sediment for 55 various Colorado

Rivers (from Williams and Rosgen 1989)

Helley-Smith Bedload
Sampler

GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS

SUSPENDED
LOAD

DISCHARGE MASS CURVE

SUSPENDED SEDIMENT VS
DISCHARGE
Qs= a Qwb
where:
Qs
Qw
a
b

= suspended transport, in tons per

day,
= discharge, in cubic feet (cubic
meters) per second,
= coefficient, and
= exponent.

SEDIMENT RATING CURVE

DATA HASIL PENGUKURAN
KONSENTRASI SEDIMEN LAYANG
Nama Sungai
:
Lokasi
:
Waktu Pengukuran :

Lusi
..
..

Apa yang perlu diukur:

1. Penampang sungai (cross section)
2. Tinggi muka air (Peil schall atau
AWLR)
3. Kecepatan Arus
4. Pengambilan sampel air untuk analisa
konsentrasi sedimen layang

THE
END