Term project

Submitted to / Dr . Shrein shafiek

Group members:
1.
MOAMED BEDAWY
2.
ZIAD EL-SHENAWY
3.
MOHAMED KHDR
4.
KHALED ALAA
5.
AHMED ESSAM
6.
KHALID ZAGHLOUL
7.
DIAA EZZ EL-ARAB
8.
OMAR FOUD
9.
AHMED ABO HOMAR

introduction of landscape

Definition of landscape design

Landscape architecture is usually defined as the concept of
decorating a certain space with trees, green areas ,water
element and pathways.
At Egypt this science is not common .
This science concerned with the earth surface through
understanding ecological and biological science of
environment.

Main goals of landscape design

The main aim

of landscape is to
attach between different
environmental component & human
uses
Landscape interested in studying
the environment & its properties

Main goals of landscape design

Landscape is a science or art needs design , planning and management

of land , arranged by natural and artificial application of social , cultural &
scientific experience to achieve useful environmental enjoyable purpose.

Main goals of landscape design

Landscape architects is a science

interested in studying & solve problems

by design techniques based on an
understanding of the external
environment and characteristics of
landscape materials.

Landscape History

Overview

Definition of Landscape History

Techniques used in Landscape History
Examples of historical landscape architecture

Definition
Landscape historyis the study of the way in which humanity
has changed the physical appearance of theenvironment both present and past. It is sometimes referred to as
landscape archaeology. It was first recognised as a separate
area of study during the 20th century and uses evidence and
approaches from other disciplines including archaeology,
architecture, ecology, aerial photography, local history and
historical geography.

Techniques

Two complementary approaches can be used to study

landscape history

Fieldwork
Desk research

Fieldwork

Fieldwork involves physical inspection of the landscape to

identify earthworks and other potential features.

Desk Research
Documentary desk research involves finding references to

landscape features in primary and secondary sources.

Among the most useful documentary sources are:

Maps.
Modernaerial photographsare useful for identifying large-scale
features; earlier aerial photographs may show features that have now
been lost.

The Piazza del Campo in Italy

Stowe in England

Het Loo in Netherlands

Central Park in USA

Factors affecting landscape design

1-Natural Factors :
.1)Temperature
2)Wind and Humidity:
Humidity change with wind power , temperature ,
Land latitude , the % of sun rays exposure , and
Land humidity.
Wind buffering tree rows form a recess in their
Heights where each row is shorter than
The one behind it.

3)Garden land level:

If the land is flat then any style is possible
In design.

4)Location:
Must study if the garden views any natural element
Or view , thus is used in landscape planning.

5)Soil:
The type of soil determine the types of greenery
Chosen for site landscape.

6)light:
Choosing the types of trees and greenery is affected
With their need for exposure to sunlight directly or
Indirectly and the time frame they need it.

2- Non-Natural factors:
1) Construction Expenses:
Depends on the expenses of constructing
In large scale projects
In home landscape

2) Maintenance Expenses:
Geometrical gardens require maintenance more than
natural gardens.

3) Architectural style:
The garden design must be compatible with
architecture style of buildings within its context.

4) Customs and Traditions:

Traditions of each community differ and effect the
gardens design dramatically.

Steps in developing a landscape

design
1)Develop a plot plan :
It is difficult to visualize certain aspects of design
without putting it to scale on paper.
The designer should think with drawings or sketches
and make the mistakes on paper not on the
landscape site.

2)Conduct a site analysis:

A through site analysis can save you time and
money.
Existing plants should be examined.
Utility lines may be on poles or underground.
Architectural style of the house is of primary importance.

3)Assess family needs:

A landscape should be an outdoor extension
of indoor living areas.
It should be functional and provide space for
family activities .
Before the designer can create such an
environments , knowledge of certain family
characteristics is essential.

4)Locate activity areas:

Once the family needs have been determined,
areas for these activities must be located on
the property.
These activity areas could include a public
area, entrance, living area, quite zone,
service and work area, or vegetable or
cut flower garden plot.

5)Design activity areas:

Determine the objectives of the design
and establish the general type of plan
formal or natural.
Plan for structural needs.
Consider land form modifications.
Determine traffic flow.
Specify plant materials.

6)Plant selection and placement:

Plant selection is the last step in design process.

Softlandscaping is the
process of
designing the elements of a
landscape
that do not involve construction.
These elements include trees,
shrubs,
and flowers
as well as container gardens,
potted plant
, and hanging baskets.

Hardlandscaping A
type of landscaping
Which uses hard materials,
to make
architectural features in a
garden design (or
other landscaped area) such
as paths, walls,
fences, pergolas, decking ,
water elements
Which compound of :
Concrete
Brick
Stone
Wood
Metal

Different styles & characters o landscape design

- Mediterranean Style
- Japanese Style
- English Country
Cottage Style
- Formal European Style
- American Southwest
Style
- Tropical Style

Type of gardens
Japanese Garden

Different landscape design