PUNCAK

USAHA
FIZIK ZON
B
2013

PAPER 3
Section A
Question 2

2 A student carries out a Youngs double-slit experiment . The

double slit used has a separation of a. The distance of
separation between adjacent bright fringes is x. The
interference pattern is observed on a screen placed at a
distance D from the double slit. The results of the experiment
are shown in the graph of x against D in diagram 2 below.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen dwi-celah
Young. Jarak pemisahan dwi-celah yang digunakan ialah a.
Jarak pemisahan antara pinggir-pinggir cerah yang
berturutan ialah x. Corak interferens diperhatikan pada satu
skrin yang diletakkan pada jarak D dari dwi-celah itu.
Keputusan eksperimen itu ditunjukkan dalam graf x melawan
D seperti dalam Rajah 2 .

(a)

Based on the graph in Diagram 2, state

the relationship between x and D.
Berdasarkan graf dalam Rajah 2,
yatakan hubungan antara x dan D.
[1 mark]

x is directly proportional to D

b)Based on the graph in Diagram 2 :

Berdasarkan graf dalam Rajah 2 :
(i) find the distance D when the distance of separation
between two adjacent bright fringes is 3.8 x 10 -3 m.
Show on the graph how you would determine the
value of D.
kira jarak D apabila jarak pemisah antara dua jalur
cerah ialah 3.8 x 10-3 m. Tunjukka pada graf
bagaimana anda menentukan nilai D.

0.8 m or 0.81 m
D = .
[2 marks]

Show the line drawn from D

axis 3.8 x 10-3m perpendicular
to x axis.

ii) find the distance between two adjacent bright

fringes, x , when the distance D is 0.65 m.
ii) Kira jarak antara dua jalur cerah bersebelahan,x
apabila jarak D ialah 0.65 m.

3.0 x 10-3 m
x =..............................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the gradient m of the graph. Show on

the graph how you determine m.
Kira kecerunan m graf tersebut. Tunjukkan
pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan m.

m =

[3 marks]

(d) The relationship between m, and a is

given by the equation :
m = /a
If = 470 nm, find the separation between the double
slits, a.
[2 marks]

(e)State two modifications that can be made to this

experiment so that the fringe separation x can be
increased.
Nyatakan dua modifikasi yang boleh dilakukan pada
eksperimen supaya jarak pemisah jalur x boleh
ditingkatkan.
[2 marks]

(i) increase distance of screen D from the double

slits.
(ii) Use a double slit with a smaller distance of
separation between slits

(f) State one precaution that should be taken during this

experiment.
[1 mark]

The monochromatic light must be directed

perpendicularly to the plane of the double slits
//avoid parallax errors when taking readings with
metre rule by looking perpendicularly at the scale

PAPER 3
Section A
Question 2

A student carries out an experiment to

investigate the relationship between two
loud sounds, x and distance two loud
speaker, a in an experiment of interference
sound waves. The two loud speaker is
connected to audio signal generator. The
results of the experiment are shown in the
graph of x against in Diagram 2.1.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen
untuk menyiasat hubungan antara jarak
dua bunyi kuat berturutan, x dengan jarak
antara dua pembesar suara, a dalam
eksperimen interferens gelombang bunyi.
Dua pembesar suara itu disambungkan

Diagram 2.1

(i) Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1:

Berdasarkan graf pada Rajah 2.1
State the relationship between x and a
Nyatakan hubungan antara x dengan a
[1mark]
Answer :

X is directly proportional to
1/a

(ii) Determine the value of a when x

= 0.54 m.
Show on the graph, how you
determine the
value of a.
Tentukan nilai a apabila x=0.54 m.
Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana
anda menentukan nilai a.
[3 marks]

Show on graph,
Use a dotted
line
To show the
answer

(iii) Calculate the gradient, k of

the graph.
Show on your graph how to
determine k.
Hitungkan kecerunan, k bagi
graf itu.
Tunjukkan pada graf
bagaimana anda menentukan k.
[3 marks]

0.8 m

Diagram 2.1

40 m-1

(b)The frequency, f of the audio signal

generator
can be determined using the formula
where k is the gradient of the graph and is a
constant with value 700m2s-1.
Calculate the value of f.
Frekuensi, f bagi penjana isyarat audio itu
boleh ditentukan dengan menggunakan
formula. Di mana k ialah kecerunan graf dan
ialah pemalar dengan nilai 700m2s-1.
Kirakan nilai f.
[2 marks]

(c) (i) If the frequency of the sound

wave decrease,
Jika frekuensi gelombang bunyi itu
berkurang,
What happen to the gradient of the
graph.
Apakah yang berlaku kepada
kecerunan graf itu.
[1 mark]

Increase

(ii) Explain for the answer in

2(c)(i)
Terangkan jawapan bagi
2(c)(i)
[1 mark]

From the formula

gradient inversely to
frequency.

(d) State one precaution that

should be taken to improve the
accuracy of the readings in this
experiment.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjagajaga yang perlu diambil untuk
memperbaik ketepatan bacaan
dalam eksperimen ini.
[1 mark] and find the
-Repeat the experiment
average.
-Eye position must be perpendicular to
scale of meter ruler.

PAPER 3
Section B
Question 3

SECTION B
BAHAGIAN B
[12 marks]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

3. Figure 3.1 showed that two similar nails that move

on two of each similar plywood with and without
load.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan dua paku yang serupa
digerakkan ke atas dua papan yang serupa masingmasing dengan dan tanpa beban.
Figure
3.1 /Rajah
3.1

Observer noticed that nail with the load on it is

managed to make the holes even deeper than without
load on the plywood.
Si pemerhati mendapati bahawa paku dengan beban
di atasnya mencapai kedudukan yang lebih dalam
apabila digerakkan ke atas papan itu.

Based on the observation,

Berdasarkanpemerhatian di atas,
a) State one suitable inference
Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.
(1 marks/1 markah)

The weight influences the

pressure/ Berat mempengaruhi
tekanan

b) State one suitable hypothesis for this

investigation.
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk
penyiasatan ini.
(1 marks/1 markah)

The greater of weight, the higher

of pressure/Semakin tinggi berat,
semakin tinggi tekanan.

c) By using the apparatus and materials such as plasticine,

load, and suitable apparatus, explain one experiment to
analysis the hypothesis which been stated in question b. In
your explanation, explain briefly these following:
Dengan menggunakan bahan dan radas seperti plastisin,
pemberat dan radas-radas yang sesuai, terangkan satu
eksperimen untuk menganalisis hipotesis yang dinyatakan di
soalan b. Di dalam penerangan anda, terangkan denganl
engkap:

i.
Aim of the experiment
Tujuan eksperiment

Investigate the relationship between

weight and pressure/Mengkaji
hubungan antara berat dan tekanan

ii.

Variables
Pembolehubah

Manipulated
variable/Dimanipulasikan :
Weight of load/ Berat pemberat
Responding variable/Bergerak balas :
Pressure/ Tekanan, P (jarak mampatan
plastisin)
Constant variable/ Dimalarkan
:
Surface area of load/ Luas permukaan
berat

iii)List of apparatus and materials

Senarai bahan dan radas

Load which have different

mass/Pemberat yang berlainan
jisim,Plasticine/ plastisin, dan Metre
ruler/pembaris meter.
1 mark

iv) The arrangement of

apparatus
Susunan radas
1 mark

included one method of controlling the manipulated

variables and one method of measuring of responding
variable
Prosedur eksperiment yang mesti termasuk satu
kaedah kepada mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan satu kaedah mengukur pembolehubah
bergerakbalas.

Controlling the manipulated variables/Mengawal

pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
Five loads (0.5 N) are weighed and this loads
only will be used in this experiment./Lima
pemberat 0.5 N diukur dan pemberat-pemberat
ini cuma yang digunakan untuk keseluruhan
eksperimen ini .
1 mark

Controlling the responding variables

/Mengawal pemboleh ubah bergerak
balas
A depth of plasticine is measured by using
metre ruler.
The experiment with four different values
of weight, (1.0, 1.5 2.0 2.5 N) is repeated
2 marks

vi)The way to tabulate data

Cara untuk menjadualkan data

vii) The way to analyze data

Cara untuk menganalisis data

PAPER 2
Section A
Question 8

Diagram 8.1 shows the arrangement of the

apparatus to determine the specific heat
capacity of an aluminium block mass 1.0
kg. The thermometer reading is recorded
when it reached thermal equilibrium with
the aluminium block.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan susunan radas
untuk menentukan muatan haba tentu bagi
satu bongkah aluminium berjisim 1.0 kg.
Bacaan termometer direkod apabila ia
mencapai keseimbangan termal dengan
bongkah aluminium.

(a)(i) What is the meaning of

thermal equilibrium?
Apakah maksud
keseimbangan
termal?
[1 mark]

Thermal equilibrium
means net heat transfer is
zero

(ii)

Explain how a thermal

equilibrium is achieved
between the aluminium block
and the thermometer.
Terangkan bagaimana
keseimbangan terma dicapai
antara blok aluminium dan
termometer.
-Heat flow from the
alumumium block
[3 marks]
to the thermometer until net heat flow
is zero. --Temperature of the aluminium
block is equal to the temperature of
the thermometer.

(b) The immersion heater supplied 27 kJ of

energy to the aluminium block. The
temperature rise is 25.
Pemanas rendam membekalkan 27 kJ
tenaga kepada bongkah aluminium. Kenaikan
suhu ialah 25.
Calculate the specific heat capacity of the
aluminium block.
Hitungkan muatan haba tentu bongkah
aluminium.
[2 marks]

(c)

The value of specific heat capacity obtained

in (c) is higher than the actual value. Some
modifications need to be done to the material of
the wrapper and the wall of the glass bulb to
increase the accuracy of the temperature reading.
State the suitable modification and give one
reason for the modification.
Nilai muatan haba tentu yang diperoleh dalam
(c) lebih besar daripada nilai sebenar. Beberapa
pengubahsuaian perlu dilakukan kepada pembalut
dan dinding bebuli kaca untuk menambah
kejituan bacaan suhu.
Nyatakan pengubahsuaian yang sesuai dan
berikan satu sebab untuk pengubahsuaian itu.

(i)Type of the insulation material x:

Jenis bahan bagi bahan penebat
x:
[2 mark]

Type/ Jenis:
Good insulator
Reason/Sebab:
Prevent heat loss

(ii) Thickness of the glass bulbs

wall:
Ketebalan dinding bebuli kaca:
[2 marks]

Thin wall
Reason:
Sebab:
More sensitive // easy heat
flow

(iii) Draw an arrangement of the

apparatus to determine the specific
heat capacity of a liquid with masses
of 1 kg.
Lukiskan susunan radas untuk
menentukan muatan haba tentu bagi
sesuatu cecair berjisim 1 kg.
[2 marks]

PAPER 2
Section B
Question 9

9 (a) A fisherman finds that his boat is different

levels in the sea and in river the boat carries
the same load. The density of sea water is
1025 kgm-3 and river water is 1000 kgm-3.
Figure 9.1 and Figure 9.2 illustrate the
situation of the boat in the sea and in the
river.

Figure 9.1

Figure 9.2

i)

What is meant by density?

[1 mark]

The ratio of the mass with

volume

ii)Using Figure 9.1 and figure 9.2, compare the levels of the
boat and the volumes of water displaced by the boat.
Relating the mass of the boat with its load, the volume of water
displaced and the density of the water, deduce a relevant
physics concept.
[5 marks]

figure 9.1 not deep and the figure 9.2 is

deeper
The volume of water displaced in figure
9.2 higher than in figure 9.1
the density of the water reduce, the
volume of water displaced by the boat
increases and vice- versa

(iii)

Name the physics principle that explains the

above situation.

Archimedes principle the mass

of a floating body is the same as
the mass of the liquid displaced

(b)

A submarine can sail on the sea surface and under the

sea.
Explain how a submarine on the surface submerges.
[3 marks]

When the ballast tank are filled with

seawater, the density of the submarine
increase. Its density is more then that
of seawater. As such it sinks into the
seawater

c) Figure 9.3 and 9.4 illustrate the working principle of

hydrometer. The depth to which the test tube sinks
depends on its surrounding liquid

Figure 9.3

Figure 9.4

Explain how you would design a hydrometer that can

determine a wide range of densities of liquid, using the idea
of the working principle of hydrometer shown above. Draw a
diagram that shows the design of your hydrometer and in
your explanation, emphasise the following aspects:
(i) the stability of the hydrometer
(ii)the sensitivity of the hydrometer
(iii) the ability to measure a wide range of densities of liquids,
(iv)the calibration of the hydrometer
[10 marks]