Comparison and Analysis of Cluster Based

Routing Protocols in wireless sensor network

Under The Guidance Of

Presented By:

Mr. Samir Srivastava

Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engg.

Abhishek Kumar Pandey

M.Tech. Scholar ( 139201)
Department of Computer Science & Engg.

KAMLA NEHRU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, SULTANPUR

UP, INDIA
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Table of Contents
Introduction
Wireless Sensor Network
Routing Protocol

Motivation
Problem Definition
Cluster Based Routing Protocol
LEACH
SEP
TEEN
EAMMH

Comparison
Analysis & Result

Conclusion
Publications
References
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Introduction
Wireless Sensor Network :
The network of hundreds or thousands of

sensor nodes which has limited processing

capability , storage, and battery power.
Node senses the data and sends it to the base
station
The base station analyzes the received data and
computation is performed on received data.

Fig.1:Wireless Sensor Network

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Introduction Contd
Routing Protocol in WSN :
Due to the several limitations traditional routing protocols is not suitable in

WSN.

In WSN routing protocols should be Adaptive in nature.

There is no infrastructure, wireless links are unreliable, sensor nodes may

fail, and routing protocols have to meet strict energy saving requirements.

Categorization of Routing Protocols

Motivation
The field of wireless sensor

network is very advance and

research in this field is going
on, because the main concern
is to improve the life time and
scalability of the network.

Fig.2:Application of WSN
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Problem Identification
Network life time

limited
Processing capability,
storage
and battery power

Identification of the efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor

network communication.

Table1: Initial Parameter Setting.

Cluster Based Routing Protocols

Cluster based routing protocol is designed for

mobile, ad-hoc and sensor network

The protocol divides the sensor nodes into a

number of cluster in a distributed manner.

A cluster heads is elected for each cluster to

maintain cluster membership information

Cluster head is further responsible for sending

data to the base station.

Parameter

Value

Network size

100*100

Base Station Location

(150,50)

E0

0.3 J

Popt

0.2

200

0.2

rmax

1000

Table 1:Initial Parameter Setting

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Cluster Based Routing Protocols

For comparison we selected following hierarchal base routing protocol
LEACH
SEP
TEEN
EAMMH

Fig.3:Cluster in WSN

LEACH
In Leach clusters are formed and within the cluster the

nodes will be chosen cluster head.

Selection of cluster head is a random

Cluster heads changed in each round of data processing
Due to the randomization, cluster heads energy will be

well distributed within the each node of the sensor

network

The leach protocol works in two steps:

The Setup phase
The Steady State phase

Fig.4:Nodes dead during each round

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SEP
Distributed method has been used as SEP strategy to select a

CH in WSNs.

It is heterogeneity-aware protocol and selection of CH

probabilities of nodes is weighted by initial energy of each

node compared to the other nodes in WSN.

Therefore, SEP protocol is based on two levels of node

heterogeneity as normal nodes and advanced nodes.

Fig.5:Nodes dead during each round

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TEEN
TEEN protocol is used for the real time applications.
Cluster head sending a hard threshold to entire sensor node

within the cluster, it is called the attribute for the sensed

data.
It will also send the soft threshold which can change the
sense attribute and also trigger the particular node to turn on
its transmitter and data sending process will start.
When the hard threshold getting no change then the number

of the transmission by the soft threshold will be reduced

Fig.6:Nodes dead during each round

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EAMMH
EAMMH the nodes energy level is considered but also its

location or position both within the CH & from outside the

cluster(neighbor clusters) are considered.

If the CH lies at a far-away position from the mass of nodes.

So to communicate between CH & sensor nodes, energy

consumption for the communication will be high.

The higher the distance between CH & sensor nodes the

greater the energy consumption.

Fig.7:Nodes dead during each round

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Comparison of routing protocols

No. of dead node during each round
Here we first take 100 nodes and run it 5 times and after the averaging we get

graph as shown in next slide.

Then we take 200 nodes and run program 5 times and after the averaging we

get 2nd graph as shown in next slide.

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No. of dead node

Fig.8a: at 100 nodes

Fig.8a: at 200 nodes

Fig.8:Nodes dead during each round

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Comaprison of routing protocols

No. of alive node during each round
Here we first take 100 nodes and run it 5 times and after the averaging we

get graph as shown in next slide.

Then we take 200 nodes and run program 5 times and after the averaging

we get 2nd graph as shown in next slide.

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No. of alive node

Fig.9a: at 100 nodes

Fig.9a: at 200 nodes

Fig.9: Alive nodes during each round

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Comparison of routing protocols

Analysis based on average energy of nodes.
Following four graph show how the average energy is changed after each

round.
LEACH Represented by graph- 10(a)
SEP Represented by graph- 10(b)
TEEN Represented by graph- 10(c)
EAMMH Represented by graph- 10(d)

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Average energy

(a)

(c)

(b)

(d)

Fig.10: Avg. energy of each nodes(a) LEACH (b) SEP (c) TEEN (d) EAMMH

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Conclusion
Based on the comparison of the four routing protocols;
LEACH, SEP, TEEN and EAMMH respectively. we identified the lifetime of the sensor

network and energy consumption in different routing techniques.

The results says that the life time of the sensor network using TEEN protocol is 33.67%
better than LEACH, whereas SEP is 7.65% better than LEACH and EAMMH is 0.51%
better than LEACH.
So the overall TEEN is best routing protocol in respect to life time and energy
consumption of the sensor network.

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Publications
Paper published in IJSR titled as

Survey on wireless sensor routing

protocols, International journal of
science and research, Volume 5, Issue 5
2016, pp.1145 1149 ISSN No. 23197064

Paper acceptance in IJCA titled as

Study and Analysis of Energy

Efficient Cluster Based Routing
Protocol". Paper Ref. ID:2016911048

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References
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[2] J. N. Al-Karaki and A. E. Kamal, "Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey," IEEE Wireless Communications, vol.
11, no. 6,pp. 6-28,Dec. 2004.
[3] W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan."Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless micro sensor
networks", Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-33), January 2000.
[4] G. Smaragdakis, I. Matta, A. Bestavros, "SEP: A Stable Election Protocol for clustered heterogeneous wireless sensor networks",
Second International Workshop on Sensor and Actor Network Protocols and Applications (SANPA2004), 2004
[5] Johnson, M., Healy, M., van de Ven, P., Hayes, M.J., Nelson, J., Newe, T., Lewis, E., A comparative review of wireless sensor
network mote technologies, IEEE Sensors 2009, pp. 1439-1442.
[6] Ningbo Wang, HaoZhu, An Energy Efficient Algorithm Based on LEACH Protocol, International Conference on Computer
Science and Electronics Engineering (ICCSEE), 2012, pp. 339-342.
[7] Isla m, M M, Matin, M A, Mondol, T K, Extended Stable Election Protocol (SEP) for three-level hierarchical clustered
heterogeneous WSN, IET Conference on Wireless Sensor Syste ms 2012, pp. 1-4.
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References
[8] O. Rehman, N. Javaid, B. Manzoor, A. Hafeez, A. Iqbal, M. Ishfaq, Energy Consumption Rate based Stable Election Protocol
(ECRSEP) for WSNs, Procedia Computer Science, Volume 19, 2013, pp. 932-937
[9] A. Manjeshwar and D.P. Agarwal, "TEEN: a routing protocol for enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks," 1st Int. Workshop
Parallel Distributed Computing Issues Wireless Networks Mobile Computing, April 2001
[10] AratiManjeshwar, Agrawal, D.P., TEEN: a routing protocol for enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor net works, Proceedings 15th
International conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium 2001, pp. 2009 2015.
[11] Aliouat, Z, Harous, S., An efficient clustering protocol increasing wireless sensor net works life time, International
Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), 2012, pp.194 199
[12] Raju Pal, RituSindhu, Ajay K Sharma, SEP-E (RCH): Enhanced Stable Election Protocol Based on Redundant Cluster Head
Selection for HWSNs, 9th International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness in Heterogeneous Networks,
2013, Vol. 115, pp. 104-114.
[13] Yu-quan, Zhang, and Wei Le i. "Improving the LEACH protocol for wireless sensor networks." (2010): 355 -359
[14] Abhishek Kumar Pandey and Samir Srivastava., Survey on wireless sensor routing protocols, International journal of science and
research, Volume 5, Issue 5 2016, pp.1145 1149
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THANK YOU

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