CHINESE GARDENS

AND LANDSCAPE
Submitted To :
Ar. Prachi Choudhary
Ar. Akanksha Vyas

What is landscape ?
Landscape designis
an independent
profession and a
design and art
tradition, practised by
landscape designers,
combiningnatureand
culture. In
contemporary
practice landscape
design bridges
betweenlandscape
architectureand
garden design

Aim of landscape design..

The primary aim of
landscape design is
to use plants to
beautify a property
and to enhance the
visual appearance of
a facility.

Asian Gardens :
Japanese gardens
Chinese gardens
Persian gardens
Indian gardens

Philosophy
Even though everything [in the garden] is the work of
man, it must appear to have been created by heaven Ji Cheng
"Chinese classical gardens are a perfect integration of
nature and work by man - Zhou Ganzhi ( President of
the Chinese Society of Landscape Architecture )
The zig-zag bridge in the Humble Administrator's Garden
illustrates the proverb, "By detours, access to secrets."

History :
Five thousand years of
experience in garden building
is significant, and theShang
(16001046 BC)andZhou
(1045256 BC)dynasties
were the beginning of
gardening as functional and
visually appealing additions to
the emperor's abode.
Gardens were designated as
homes for animals used for
hunting and for enclosing an
outside plot of ground for the
emperor.

History ..
After theHan Dynasty (206 BC220 AD), gardens
were places for the emperor to rest and renew energy.
Then, a garden was called ayuan.
The imperial garden, Lin Yuan, added buildings and
became a villa-like escape for the emperor.
The Lin Garden was embellished with little palaces,
pavilions and rooms on little islands in a pond, and
plants were added for beautification.
This technique of garden development is attributed to
theQin (221206 BC)and Han dynasties.

History ..
Emperor Kangxi of
theMing Dynasty (1386
1644)and Emperor
Qianlong of theQing
Dynasty (16441911)again
brought focus to the building
structures in the garden, but
specifically to enhance
appearance. Buildings were
added solely to create
pleasant or striking scenery.
The royal garden evolved with
time and changing tastes over
the centuries and inspired
gardens in other areas of
China.

Chinese Gardens
The Chinese gardens are
also called as Chinese
classical gardens is a
place for solitary or social
contemplation of nature .
It has been regarded the
most important and
leading gardening system
among the three
gardening systems in the
world.
The Chinese consider
gardens a serious art
form and as with
painting, sculpture and
poetry aim.

Types
Two Types The Imperial garden & The private
garden.
Imperial gardens are mostly found in north China, with
those in Beijing as representatives, featuring
grandness and magnificence.
Private gardens are mostly found in south China,
especially in cities in south of the Yangtze River,
such as Suzhou, Wuxi, Nanjing and Hangzhou.
Private gardens were designed and created as a place
of retreat for the ancient scholars to escape the chaos
of the city and have private relaxation.

Characteristics
The creation of classical
Chinese gardens
depended on mountains,
rivers, buildings ,plants,
animals and even the
weather.
In these gardens usually
the ground is like that of
a mountain area.
This kind of garden layout
imitates real terrain.
Chinese scholars rocks,
are used both for
structural and sculptural
purposes.

Elements
Artificial mountains
Rock gardens
Water
Flowers ,
Plants & trees
Structures walkways ,
pavilions , bridges

Elements Rocks
Decorative rocks,
sometimes termed
Chinese scholars rocks,
are used both for
structural and sculptural
purposes.
During the Song dynasty,
they were the most
expensive objects in the
empire.
In smaller classical
gardens, a single scholar
rockrepresents a
mountain, or a row of
rocks represents a
mountain range.

Water
Water is the blood of a
traditional Chinese
garden.
The most important
element of a garden is
water, in any form:
ponds, lakes, streams,
rivers and water-falls.
Gardens will have a
single lake with one or
more streams coming
into the lake, with
bridges crossing the
streams.

Garden Plants & Trees

Trees and flowers,
especially in private
gardens, are carefully
selected for the overall
layout of the gardens,
because of the limited
space.
Plants and flowers
reflecting the beauty of the
four seasons are planted.
They represent nature in its
most vivid form.
The pine,bambooand
Chineseplum(Prunus
mume) were considered the
"Three Friends of
Winter" ( ).

CHINESE PLUM
PEONY

PINE
AZALAE

BAMBOO
LOTUS

Structure :
The most important structures of
garden ground are walkways,
pavilions and bridges.
Timber frame construction plays a
decisive role here.
Chinese gardens are filled with
architecture; halls, pavilions,
temples, galleries, bridges,
kiosks, and towers, occupying a
large part of the space.
Gardens also often feature twostory towers), usually at the edge
of the garden , which provided a
view from above of certain parts
of the garden or the distant
scenery.
Bridges are another common
feature of the Chinese garden .
Bridges are often built from rough
timber or stone-slab raised
pathways.
Gardens also often include small,
austere houses for solitude and
meditation, sometimes in the

Thank you !

www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/architecture/history-garden.htm

Referenc
es

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_garden
http://www.allchinanet.com/chinese_garden/chinese_garden_philosophy.shtml
http://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/architecture/chinese-garden.htm