Head and Neck Muscles

Muscles of the Neck

Superficial

Deep

Mylohyoid
Digastric
Anterior belly
Posterior belly

Sternocleidomastoid

Deep

Deeper

Semispinalis capitis
Sternocleidomastoid
Geniohyoid
Hyoid bone
Splenius capitis

Semispinalis capitis (cut)

Splenius capitis (cut)

Levator scapulae

Trapezius
Clavicle

Anterolateral Neck Muscles

Sternocleidomastoid
One or both may contract

Posterior Neck Muscles

Semispinalis capitis, Splenius
capitis, Trapezius

Muscles of Facial Expression

Superficial

Deep

Frontal belly of
occipitofrontalis

Temporalis

Orbicularis oculi
Levator labii
superioris
Zygomaticus

Orbicularis oculi
Levator labii superioris
Masseter

Zygomaticus

Buccinator
Depressor labii
inferioris
Platysma

Orbicularis oris

Elevators

Levator labii superioris,

Occipitofrontalis, Zygomaticus

Depressors

Orbicularis oris

Depressor labii inferioris,

Platysma

Depressor labii inferioris

Platysma

Other actions

Buccinator, Orbicularis oculi,

Orbicularis oris

Muscles of Facial Expression

Elevators

Levator labii superioris,

Occipitofrontalis, Zygomaticus

Depressors

Depressor labii inferioris,

Platysma

Other actions

Buccinator, Orbicularis oculi,

Orbicularis oris
10-4

Muscles of Facial Expression

Muscles of Mastication

Major Muscles
Temporalis and Masseter

Temporalis:
Origin - temporal lines of parietal
Insertion - coronoid process

Masseter:
Origin - zygomatic arch
Insertion - lateral side of mandible

Hyoid Muscles
Superficial

Mylohyoid
Digastric
Anterior belly
Posterior belly

Deep

Digastric
Anterior belly
Posterior belly

Geniohyoid
Hyoid bone

Clavicle

Fig. 11.8

Actions of hyoid muscles

move mandible and hyoid

Mylohyoid

Trunk Muscles - Muscles of

Vertebral Column
Deep

Deeper

Semispinalis

Erector spinae

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Multifidus

Superficial:
Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis), Semispinalis, and Multifidus
Deep:
Interspinalis
Actions: Extension, rotation, lateral flexion of the back

Muscles of Respiration
Inspiration:
Diaphragm is
primary muscle of
inspiration (depresses
floor of thoracic
cavity)
External intercostals
elevate ribs

Expiration:
Internal intercostals
depress ribs

Review Question
Axial muscles of the spine control the position of the
(a) Head, neck, and pectoral girdle
(b) Head, neck, and vertebral column
(c) Vertebral column only
(d) Vertebral column and pectoral and pelvic girdles

Points to Remember
Muscles of the face move the skin rather than a
joint allowing a vast range of facial expressions
Muscles that move the mandible are also known as
muscles of mastication because they provide the
chewing action
Complexity of muscles of the vertebral column
required for flexibility and maintaining posture

Thank you very much for your

kind attention