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OUTLINES
TYPES of piping and
instrumentation symbols.
How to CHOOSE the suitable
symbols in control system?
How to DEVELOP the piping
systems and the specification of the
process instrumentation,
equipment, piping, valves, fittings.
The ARRANGEMENT in P&ID
for the bioprocess plant design.
Block Flow Process Flow
Diagram (BFD) Diagram (PFD)
PROCESS
DIAGRAMS
Piping and
Instrumentation
Diagram (P&ID)
Block Flow Process Flow
Diagram (BFD) Diagram (PFD)
PROCESS
DIAGRAMS
Piping and
Instrumentation
Diagram (P&ID)
BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM (BFD)
simplest flowsheet.
Proses di desain dengan diagram blok
Diagram input-output tidak sangat rinci tetapi yang
paling berguna dalam tahap awal proses
pembangunan .
Aliran bahan baku dan produk dapat disertakan pada
BFD . Proses yang dijelaskan di BFD, kemudian dipecah
menjadi elemen fungsional dasar seperti reaksi dan
pemisahan bagian .
Juga mengidentifikasi aliran recycle dan operasi unit
tambahan untuk mencapai kondisi operasi yang
diinginkan
BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM (BFD)
Example 1:
Mixed Gas
Toluene, C7H8 2610 kg/hr
10,000 kg/hr
75% Conversion
of Toluene
Ethanol,
C 2 H5 Cold Ethane,
CH2C
Reactor 1 water Reactor 2 CH3CH3
OHSO
H HH
2 2O Distillati Hydroge
2 4 in
on n, H2Ni
column
H2
O
Block Flow Process Flow
Diagram (BFD) Diagram (PFD)
PROCESS
DIAGRAMS
PFD
4. Basic 3. Process
Control Loops Flow Streams
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
1. Major Pieces Of 2. Utility
Equipment Streams
PFD
4. Basic 3. Process
Control Loops Flow Streams
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Process Unit Symbology
Symbol Descriptio
n
Heat exchanger
S Steam heater
Cooling coil
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Process Unit Symbology
Symbol Descriptio
n
Heater coil
Centrifugal pump
Turbine type
compressor
Pressure gauge
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Process Unit Symbology
Symbol Name
Gate Valve
Globe
Valve
Ball Valve
Check Valve
Butterfly
Valve
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Valve Symbology
Symbol Name
Relief Valve
Needle Valve
3-Way
Valve
Angle Valve
Butterfly
Valve
Example 4
Ethylen
E- Ethylene
e 100
V- liq.
Cold water 104
in V-
CV-100 T-
CV-101 106
100
Ethanol V-
105
V- V- V- Hydrog
H2SO4 100 101 102
R-
V- V- enNi
100
103 107
R- Ethane
P- 101
100 H2 P-
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Process Unit Tagging and Numbering
PFD
4. Basic 3. Process
Control Loops Flow Streams
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Stream Information
-Since diagrams are small not much stream information
can be included.
-Include important data around reactors and towers, etc.
Flags are used
Full stream data
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Stream Information - Flag
600 Temperatur
300 e
3 8 24 Pressure
9
6 7 Mass
10.3
1 10 Flowrate
108 Molar
600
Flowrate
24
2 5 12 Gas
Flowrate
4 11 Liquid
Flowrate
24
13
Example 4- cont
Hot water
out
V-
Ethanol 5 105
1 V- V- 38 20
H2SO4 4 101 102 Hydroge
V-
100 V- V-
n Ni 9
R-
103 107
100 Ethane
R-
3 8
2 35
31.0
101
10
H 2O
32.235 7 P-
101
P-
100
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)
Vapor fraction
Mass flow 10.3 13.3 0.82 20.5 6.41 20.5 0.36 9.2 20.9 11.6
(tonne/hr)
Mole flow 108 114.2 301.0 1204.0 758.8 1204.4 42.6 1100.8 142.2 244.0
(kmol/hr)
Example 4- cont
R-100 P-100 T-100 E-100 P-101 R-101
Reactor Pump Distillation Condense Pump Reactor
Column r
Hot water
out
Mass flow (tonne/hr) 10.3 13.3 0.82 20.5 6.41 20.5 0.36 9.2 20.9 11.6
Mole flow (kmol/hr) 108 114.2 301.0 1204.0 758.8 1204.4 42.6 1100.8 142.2 244.0
Block Flow Process Flow
Diagram (BFD) Diagram (PFD)
PROCESS
DIAGRAMS
PFD
PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)
EXERCISE
P&ID
Exercise
Hot
water
out
Ethylene E- Ethylene liq.
100
6
V-
104
Cold
T-100
water inCV-101 V-
CV-100 106
V-
Ethanol 5 105
1 V- V-
H2SO4
4 101 102 Hydroge
V-
n Ni 9
100 V- V-
R-
103 107
100 Ethane
R-
3 8 101
2 10
H 2O
7
P-
101
P-
100
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