THE ROMANIAN

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
THE ROMANIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Content
I. Pre-university education
Pre-school
Primary
Secondary
High school
Professional school - Trade
School Romanian
Professional Completion Parliament
Year
II. Post-secondary Education
III. University Education
(Higher)
IV. Postgraduate Education
V. Education for Minorities
VI. Special Education
VII. Human Resources
VIII. Material Resources
 THE ROMANIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Qualificatio
Age Grade ISCED Educational levels n level
6 5
University education
5 4
> 20
Pre-university/post-secondary school education
4 3
Non-university Tertiary Education
19 XIII

Technologica 3
18 XII Technologic
3 Theoretical Vocational l High school
al High
High school High school
school
Year of
17 XI 2
Completion
16 X Theoretical Vocational Technologic Professional
1
15 IX Education Education al Education School
14 VIII
2
13 VII
12 VI
11 V
Comprehensive Education
10 IV
9 III
1
8 II
7 I
Preparato
6
ry class
Full-
5 kindergart
en
Mid-
kindergart 0 Preschool Education
4
en

Beginners
I. Pre-university Education
Pre-School Education
Nursery - children can be left from the age
of 2\3 months to 4 years (Law no.
263/2007 regarding the establishment,
organization and functioning of
nurseries)
Nurseries can be public or private, with
daily or weekly programme.
Kindergarten currently
contains:
Beginners group ( 3-4
years)
Middle group ( 4-5 years)
Elders group ( 5-6 years)

Kindergartens can be public or private, with normal (6-12am),

with extended (6am-18pm) or weekly programme. Preschool
education is organized and operates in accordance
with Law no. 84/1995.
 I. Pre-university Education
. Primary Education

Primary level currently

includes:
Preparatory class ( 6-7
years)
1st grade, pupils of 7-8
years First day of school
2nd grade, pupils of 8-9
years
3rd grade, pupils of 9-10
In Romania both state schools (the majority at this
years
4point)
th
grade,and private
pupils schools function throughout the
of 10-11
country.
 I. Pre-universitary Education
Secondary Education
Students are registered in
secondary school (gymnasium)
for 4 years according to the
present Education Law.
A new education law that
extends secondary school to five
years is being debated.
Secondary level currently contains:

5th grade ( 11-12 years)

6th grade ( 12-13 years)
7th grade (13-14 years)
8th grade ( 14-15 years)

Lower secondary level aims at forming students'

 I. Pre-university Education
High School Education

High-school level currently

contains:
Lower level (9th-10th grades,
15/17 years)
Superior level (11th-12th
grades, 17/19 years)
Admission: Based on
secondary-school averages
Depending on the field ofand on students options.
education,
high-school level is divided
into:

Theoretical
Technological
 I. Pre-university Education
. High School Education

1. Theoretical field of study:

Humanist Profile
Philology
Social Sciences
Real Profile
Mathematics and Computer Science
Natural Sciences
 I. Pre-university Education
. High School Education

2. Technological field of study:

Technical profile
Mechanics, Electro mechanics,
Electronics Automation, Electrical,
Chemical industry, Building
materials, Construction,
Installations and Constructions,
Textile and leather industry,
Manufacture of wood products,
Printing techniques, Media
production
Services profile
Food and Tourism, Trade, Economic,
Aesthetics and Human body health
Natural Resources and the
Environment
The school professional qualifications of each profile
protection Profile by the Decision of Romania's
are approved
 I. Pre-university Education
High School Education

3. Vocational education:
Military Profile
Social Sciences or Informatics and
Mathematics
Artistic Profile
Architecture, Ambient arts and design,
Decorative arts, Music, Choreography,
The art of acting Pedagogical Profile
Primary - Kindergarten teacher,
Librarian - Documentarist,
Instructor - promoter, Instructor
for extracurricular activities,
School Teacher
Athletic Profile
Theological Profile
 I. Pre-university Education
Professional and Technical Education

School of Arts and Trades

9th-10th grades dissolved

Year of Completion
11th grade - in liquidation

High school,
Technological field,
progressive route
12th-13th grades (in
liquidation)
The school professional qualifications of each
profile are approved by the Decision of
Romania's Government.
 I. Pre-universitary Education
High School Education
Graduation:
- Baccalaureate exam (end of 12th - 13th grade)
- Skills exam (10th grade - A skill level; 11th grade,
year of completion B Level; 12th - 13th C Level )
 Fields
II. Post-secondary Mechanics
Informatics
Education Energy
Post-Secondary Automation,
Buildings, installations and
School
Admission: (1,5 of
selection public works

3Courses:
yearsDaily
of orstudy)
files Transport
Low Manufacture of wood products
Frequency: ID/FR Forestry
Funding: State or Agriculture
private Food Industry
Environmental protection
Services
Commerce
Tourism and nutrition
Textiles leather
Media Production
Economic
Human aesthetics and hygiene
Romanian team medalist at the Health and pedagogical
Olympiad of Informatics, Athens, support
2004
 II. Post-secondary Education
Professional School (1,5 2 years of study)
Fields
Mechanic
Electric
Chemistry
Mining, oil and gas
Energy
Metallurgy
Building materials
Constructions,
installations and
public works
Manufacture of wood
products
Transport
Textiles - leather
Food Industry
 III. Higher Education
Bachelor (180/240/300/360
ECTS)
Master (60/90/120 ECTS)
PhD (3 years)
Bachelor
Fundamental areas: Science, Art and Culture, Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Medicine and Pharmacy,
Polytechnics
Admission: selection of files or theoretical and / or practical exam
Master
Fundamental areas: Science, Art and Culture, Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Medicine and Pharmacy,
Polytechnics
Admission: selection of files or theoretical and / or practical exam
PhD
Fundamental areas: Science, Art and Culture, Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Medicine and Pharmacy,
Polytechnics
Admission: theoretical and / or practical exam
 III. Higher Education
University education
can be followed by:

Daily courses
Distance learning/
low frequncy

University education
may be:
State - budget
- with tuition Painting by Sabin Balasa in the Hall of
fees the Lost Steps, Al. I Cuza University, Iasi
Private - with tuition
fees
 IV. Post-graduate Education
Postgraduate studies (3-5 years)
Continuous Training programmes
The National Authority for Scientific
Research
 V. Education for the minorities

The Education for

minorities includes all
forms of pre-university
and university
education (only in
Hungarian, German and
Romany languages).

It comprises two divisions:

Minorities Division
Division for Relations with the Parliament and
the social partners
 V. Education for the minorities

Minorities Division

1. Education in mother tongue

(Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech,
Croatian, German, Greek,
Italian, Hungarian, Polish,
Russian, Serbian, Slovak,
Tatar, Turkish, Ukrainian,
Romany)
- There are high schools
with fully or partly teaching
sections in the particular
mother tongue. Ukrainian minority
wearing national
2. Romany language education costumes
(pre-university and
 VI. Special Education

Special education is organized as

mainstream education (preschool,
primary, secondary, post-
secondary).
Special education has:
curricula for each type of deficiency
analytic syllabus
textbooks and teaching methods
developed according to the type and
degree of disability for training and
education, the recovery and social
integration.
Special education is carried out by
 VI. Special Education
Special and integrated special education in Romania is part of
the national education system and includes:
1. kindergartens, schools, high schools, school groups -
special education for all types and degrees of deficiency;
2. groups of children / special classes of students;
3. classes / special post-secondary schools;
4.daycare centers;
5.special education centers;
6. curative pedagogy centers;
7. groups / classes of children / students with autism;
8. groups / classes of children / students with multiple
sensory impairment (deaf blind);
9. second-chance schools for students with behavioral
disabilities;
 VI. Special Education

Integrating children with SEN

(Special Educational Needs) inclusive
schools
Special classes in mainstream
schools
Groups for children with SEN in
Special
classes within mainstream schools activities in our
Individualized integration of school

children with SEN in mainstream

school classes (3-5 children in a
group)

Each county has founded Excellence

 teachers)
Admission in VII. Human
the system Resources
is done by participating in the
The High
nationaltenure School Educational System
examination
Stages:

Starting teacher: 0-2 years

Full-time Teacher: 2-5 years after the
tenure exam practical and theoretical
exam
Title/level II Teacher: 3/4 years after
the teacher ship examination - practical
and theoretical exam to obtain title/level
II
Title/level I Highly Qualified Teacher:
3/4(secretary,
Auxiliary staf years afteraccountant,
the exam for title/level II
system
practical
engineer, librarian, exam
school and presentation
mediator etc.) of a
scientifically-methodological
Administrative paper
staf (administrator, security staff,
 VII. Human Resources
The University System
Educational Staf
Admission in the system
exam (university level)

Stages:
Teaching Fellow (written, oral and practical
examination)
Senior Assistant Professor (written, oral and practical
exam + CV, 3 years experience as tutor)
Lecturer (minimum 3 years experience as assistant +
CV, PhD, presenting a course)
Senior Lecturer (CV with imposed conditions,
minimum 3 years experience as lecturer)
Professor (CV with imposed conditions, minimum 3
years experience as senior lecturer)
 Halls/Local Councils)
VII. Funding
Financial Resources
The
State High School
Budget (for Educational System
salaries)
Local Budget (expenses
and investments)
Private funding, which
in most cases represents
low percentage of the
budget of that institution
(for investments)

Private educational institutions are self-funded:

donations, high school fees and others.
Higher-education VII. Funding
institutions canThe
be:University System
Public universities -
predominantly funded
by the state, but
which also allow self-
funding (university
fees, research grants
etc.)
Private - funded by
university fees, All higher-education
private donations, institutions have been
functioning according to
research grants etc.
the Bologna Declaration
since 2005, applicable for
EU universities which