DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

Presentation on :

WIRELESS POWER
TRANSMISSION
Submitted to :
submitted by :
Mr. Siddharth Jain Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
HISTORY
TYPES OF WPT :
Atmospheric conduction method
Electrodynamic induction method
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION
One of the major issues in power system is the losses occuring
during the transmission and distribution of electrical power.

The percentage of loss of power during transmission and

distribution is approximated as 26%.

The main reason for power loss during transmission and

distribution is the resistance of wire used in grid.

According to the World Resourced Institute (WRI ), Indias

electricity grid has the highest transmission and losses in the
world a whooping 27-40%

Tesla has proposed methods of transmission of electricity using

electromagnetic induction.
 DEFINITION

As the word wireless means without wire .

Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the

transmission of electrical energy from a power
source to an electric load without interconnecting
man made conductors.

Wireless transmission is useful in cases where

interconnecting wires are inconvenient , hazardous
or impossible.
 HISTORY
Sir NICOLAI TESLA was the first one to propose and research
the idea of wireless transmission in 1899, since than many
scholars and scientists have been working to make his
dream reality.
1899: Tesla continues wireless power transmission
research in Colorado Springs and writes, the
inferiority of the induction method would appear
immense as compared with the distrubed charge of
ground and air method.
1961: William C. Brown publishes an article exploring
possibilities of microwave power transmission.
2009: Sony shows a wireless electrodynamics-
induction powered TV set, 60W over 50 cm.
 METHODS

Different method of transmission proposed by

different scientist and scholars are :

1.Atmospheric conduction method of Tesla

2. Electrodynamic induction method :

* Microwave method
* LASER method
 Atmospheric conduction
method

In 1899 Sir NICOLAI TESLA and HEINRICH HERTZ

powered a fluorescent lamp keeping it 25 miles away
from source without using wire. Wireless power
transmission at WARDEN CLYFEE high frequency current,
of a Tesla coil, could light lamps filled with gas (like
neon). In this method a closed circuit is made using
transmitter , ionized path between upper atmosphere
and transmitter , second ionized path connecting
receiver. The circuit back to the transmitter is completed
through the earth.
 Atmospheric conduction
method
High potential is maintained at transmitter and receiver
end as well. A high potential transmitter transmits an
electromotive impulse through the ionized path to the
upper atmosphere where it ionizes the air, and this air
between the transmitter and receiver would conduct like
a neon tube.
 LIMITATION OF ATMOSPHERIC
CONDUCTION METHOD

Economically Challenging .

Periodic changes in atmospheric condition.

Maintaining high tower potential every time.

 ELECTRODYNAMIC INDUCTION
METHOD
We bring electromagnetic radiation into practice,
which uses far field technique in order achieve range
into kilos , which includes two techniques.

LASERS

MICROWAVES
 LASER transmission

LASER is highly directional , coherent.

Not dispersed for very long
But, get attenuated when it propagates
through atmosphere.
Cost efficient
Simple receiver
Photovoltaic cell
 LASER METHOD

In the case of electromagnetic radiation closer to

visible region of spectrum ( 10s of microns (um) to
10s of nm),power can be transmitted by converting
electricity into a laser beam that is then pointed at a
solar call receiver. This mechanism is generally
known as power beaming because the power is
beamed at a receiver that can convert it to usable
electrical energy.
CURRENT OPTICAL FIBRE
CURRENT LASER TRANSFORME
R
 MICROWAVE METHODS
Power transmission via Radio Waves can be made
more directional , allowing longer distance power
beaming,with shorter wavelengths of
electromagnetic radiation,typically in the microwave
range. A rectenna may be used to convert the
microwave energy back into electricity.Rectenna
conversion efficiencies exceeding 95% have been
realized.Power beaming using microwaves has been
proposed for the transmission of energy from
orbiting solar power satellites to Earth.
The principle of Evanescent Wave Coupling
extends the principle of electromagnetic
induction.
 Application in daily use

Wireless charging pads

 Application in daily use

Electric toothbrush
 Application in daily use
Haier America Digital Products group has already
developed a HDTV that transmits electricity and the
HD signal, making the TV completely wireless
 ADVANTAGES

Efficient
Easy
Need for grids, substations etc are
eliminated
Low maintenance cost
More effective when the transmitting and
receiving points are along a line-of-sight
Can reach the places which are remote
 DISADVANTAGES

When microwaves are used, interference

may arise
When LASERS are used, conversion is
inefficient due to absorption losses.
It is radioactive in nature
Distance constraint , initial cost is high.
Field strength has to be under safety levels
High frequency signals should be supplied
for air ionization which is not feasible.
 CONCLUSION
Transmission without wires- a reality
Efficient
Low maintenance cost. But, high initial cost
Better than conventional wired transfer
Energy crisis can be decreased
Low loss
In near future, world will be completely
wireless