Five Year Plans of

India
WELCOME

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 Why to Plan ???
After independence, India was in dire conditions
and needed to start acting soon
Some of the problems necessitated need for an
immediate plan:
Vicious circle of poverty

Need for Rapid industrialization

Population pressure

Development of Natural resources

Capital Deficiency & Market imperfections

Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of

Architecture And Design 2
 First Five Year Plan
(1951-1956)
Introduced by the then PM Pt. J. Nehru between the
period 1951-56
The one responsible -- Planning Commission
Objectives:
First Five Year Plan (1951-56)
The emphasis was given on institution building
construction of houses for Government employees and weaker sections.
The Ministry of Works & Housing was constituted and National Building
Organization and Town & Country Planning Organization were set up.
A sizeable part of the plan outlay was spent for rehabilitation of the refugees
from Pakistan
Building the new city of Chandigarh.
An Industrial Housing Scheme was also initiated.
The Centre subsidised Scheme to the extent of 50% towards the cost of
land and construction.
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 Second Five Year Plan
(1956-1961)
Objectives:
nd Plan(1956-61)
cope of housing programme for the poor was expanded in the
nd Plan(1956-61).
Industrial Housing Scheme was widened to cover all workers.
e new schemes were introduced, namely, Rural Housing, Slum Clearance
Sweepers Housing.
& Country Planning Legislations were enacted in many States and neces
nizations were also set up for preparation of Master Plans for important to
Development of the public sector
To increase employment opportunities so that every citizen
gets a job
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of Architecture And Design
 Achievements:

Five steel mills at Bhilai, Durgapur, and Jamshedpur

Hydroelectric power projects

Production of coal increased

More Railway lines were added in the north east

Improved the living standards of the people

The large enterprises in seventeen industries were

nationalized
The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
established in 1957 as a research institute
Atomic Energy Commission -- Homi J. Bhabha
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(Founder, 1958) (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia 5 Gateway College
of Architecture And Design
 Third Five Year Plan
(1961-1966)
Objectives:
More stressto agriculture
Subsidies
The general directions for housing programmes in theThird
Plan(1961-66) were
co-ordination of efforts of all agencies and orienting the
programmes to the needs of the Low Income Groups.
A Scheme was introduced in 1959 to give loans to State Govts.
for a period of 10 years for acquisition and development of land in
order to make available building sites in sufficient numbers.
Master Plans for major cities were prepared and the State capitals
of Gandhi Nagar and Bhubaneswar were developed.

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Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of Architecture And Design
 Fourth Five Year Plan
(1969 to 1974)
Objectives
:
balanced urban growth was accorded high priority in theFourth Plan(1
e Plan stressed the need to prevent further growth of population in large
eed for decongestion or dispersal of population.
s was envisaged to be achieved by creation of smaller towns and by plan
patial location of economic activity.
sing & Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) was established to fund
nerative housing and urban development programmers, promising a
turnover.
heme for Environmental Improvement or Urban Slums was undertaken
e Central Sector from 1972-73 with a view to provide a minimum level of
water supply, sewerage, drainage, street pavements in 11 cities with a po
akhs and above The scheme was later extended to 9 more cities.

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of Architecture And Design
 Fifth Five Year Plan
(1974 to 1979)
Objectives:
ifth Plan(1974-79) reiterated the policies of the preceding Plans to prom
er towns in new urban centres, in order to ease the increasing pressure
nisation.
was to be supplemented by efforts to augment civic services in urban are
particular emphasis on a comprehensive and regional approach to proble
etropolitan cities. A Task Force was set up for development of small
medium towns.
Urban Land (Ceiling & Regulation) Act was enacted to prevent concentrat
nd holding in urban areas and to make available urban land for construc
ses for the middle and low income groups.

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of Architecture And Design
 Sixth Five Year Plan
(1980 to 1985)
6th Five Yr Plan -- Known as Janata
Govt. Plan
h Plan(1980-85)
thrust of the planning in theSixth Plan(1980-85) was on integrated
sion of services along with shelter, particularly for the poor.
Integrated Development of Small and Medium Towns (IDSMT) was launc
s with population below one lakh for provision of roads, pavements, mino
works, bus stands, markets, shopping complex etc.
itive inducements were proposed for setting up new industries and
mmercial and professional establishments in small, medium and
mediate towns .

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Architecture And Design
 Seventh Five Year Plan
(1985 to 1989)
Congress comes into power
Objectives:
To upgrade the industrial
sector
Increase productivity of small and large scale farmers
The Seventh Plan (1985-90) stressed on the need to
entrust major responsibility of housing construction
on the private sector.
A three-fold role was assigned to the public sector, namely,
mobilization for resources for housing, provision for subsidized
housing for the poor and acquisition and development of land.
The National Housing Bank was set up to expand the base of
housing finance.
NBO was reconstituted and a new organization called
Building Material Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC)
was set up for promoting commercial production of innovative
building materials.

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 A network of Building Centres was also set up during this Plan
period.
The Seventh Plan explicitly recognised the problems of the
urban poor and for the first time an Urban Poverty
Alleviation Scheme known as Urban Basic Services for the Poor
(UBSP) was launched.
As a follow-up of the Global Shelter Strategy (GSS), National
Housing Policy (NHP) was announced in 1988.
The long term goal of the NHP was to eradicate houseless ness,
improve the housing conditions of the inadequately housed and
provide a minimum level of basic services and amenities to all.
The role of Government was conceived, as a provider for the
poorest and vulnerable sections and as a facilitator for other
income groups and private sector by the removal of constraints
and the increased supply of land and services.

Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of Architecture And Design
 The National Commission of Urbanisation submitted its report.
The Report eloquently pointed out the reality of continuing and
rapid growth of the urban population as well as the scale and
intensity of Urbanisation, the critical deficiencies in the various items
of infrastructure, the concentration of vast number of poor and
deprived people, the acute disparities in the access of shelter
and basic services, deteriorating environmental quality and the
impact of poor governance on the income and the productivity of
enterprises.

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 Eighth Five Year Plan
(1992 to 1997)
Objectives:

The widening gap between demand and supply of infrastructural services

badly hitting the poor, whose access to the basic services like drinking water,
sanitation, education and basic health services is shrinking
Unabated growth of urban population aggravating the accumulated backlog of
housing shortages, resulting in proliferation of slums and squatter settlement
and decay of city environment.
high incidence of marginal employment and urban poverty as reflected in
NSS 43rd round that 41.8 million urban people lived below the poverty line.

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Architecture And Design
 The response of the Plan to this scenario was the
launching of Urban Poverty and Alleviation
Programme of Nehru Rojgar Yojana (NRY).The Eighth
Plan (1992-97), for the first time, recognised the role
and importance of the urban sector for the national
economy.

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of Architecture And Design
 Ninth Five Year Plan
(1997 to 2002)
By Planning Commission

Objectives:
Plans to enlarge the resource base and initiate innovative
institutional mechanisms to augment housing delivery in urban
areas.
Focused efforts were also initiated to cover the poor and
vulnerable groups of society to enable them to access basic shelter
related services.
Fiscal concessions coupled with legislative measures were also
initiated to encourage increased investments in housing by
individuals and corporate.
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of Architecture And Design
o provide for basic infrastructural facilities
Education
Water
Health
Transport
Energy

Encourage Women
improvement
To create a liberal market for Private
investment

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16 College of Architecture
And Design
 Tenth Five Year Plan
(2002 to 2007)
The Tenth Five Plan will cover a period from 1 st April 2002 to 31st
march 2007. The Tenth plan provides an opportunity at the start
of the new millennium, to build upon the gains of the past but
also to address the weakness that have emerged. Some of the
gains of the past are:
The National Common Minimum Program (NCMP) has stated that housing
for weaker sections in rural areas will be extended on a large scale. The
Tenth Plan, therefore, had suggested provision of free housing only to the
landless SC/ST families and shift to a credit-cum subsidy scheme for the
other BPL families. The repeal of the Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation)
Act, 1976 has been a significant step towards reform in the urban land
market. Following the repeal of the central legislation, a number of state
governments have also repealed the state-level law.

PPT
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17
Gateway College of Architecture And Design
Eleventh
Five Year Plan (2007-2012) has stressed the need for
improved housing stock through urban renewal, in situ
slum improvement, and development of new housing
stock in existing cities as well as new townships.
Furthermore, the Bharat Nirman Program has also
recognized and
accorded due priority to the need to end shelterlessness.
The program has set a target to construct 60 lakh
houses from 2005 to 2009.
The housing component under the Program is being
implemented in
parallel with Indira Awas Yojana scheme.
For the Eleventh Plan, the focus ison targeting the
poorest of the poor
PPT
while targeting the remaining housing shortage with other
interventions.

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 Objectives of the Tenth Plan:
Main objectives of the tenth plan are:
Rate of growth of national income
Growth rate of per capita income
Improvement in Quality of life
Reduction in poverty
Provision of gainful employment
Provision of universal education
Reduction in gender gaps
Reduction in growth of population
Increases in Literacy Rate
Reduction in Infant Mortality Rate
Reduction in Material Mortality Ratio (MMR)
Environmental Protection
Provision of Drinking Water
Growth, Equity and Sustainability
Balanced Developed in all States

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Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of Architecture And Design
 Assumption:
The objective of 8% growth rate of Tenth Plan is based on
the following assumptions:

I. Incremental capital output ratio will be 4:1.

II. Rate of investment will be 32%.
III. There will be improvement in efficiency development.
IV. Sufficient political support will be mobilized to ensure
progress in critical areas.
V. The Rate of Domestic Savings will be 29.8% and of
foreign savings will be 2.8%.
VI. The Fiscal Deficit will be 2.6 per cent.
VII. The revenue receipts of the central government will be
10.2 per cent and revenue expenditure will be 10.7 per
cent of the gross domestic product.

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Architecture And Design
 Eleventh Five Year Plan
(2007-2012)
Introduction:
The National Development Council has approved the 11 th Five Year
Plan for the period from 2007 to 2012. The plan document is entitled
Towards Faster and More Inclusive Growth. The Indian
economy on the eve of 11th Plan is much stronger than it was on the
eve of 10th Plan. 10th Plan has achieved the highest growth rate of
GDP at 7.8 percent. The 11th plan enters with a saving rate at 34.8
percent of GDP and the investment rate at 35.9 percent of GDP. The
priority areas for this plan are agriculture, irrigation and water
resources, education, health, infrastructure, employment, upliftment
of SCs/STs, other backward classes, minorities, women and children.
The Central vision of the 11th plan is to build on our strengths to
trigger a development process which ensures broad-based
improvement in the quality of life of the people, especially the poor,
SCs/STs, OBCs, minorities and women. The National Development
Council has endorsed a target of 9% GDP growth for 11th Plan.
Government has visualized not only the faster but inclusive growth
also. Inclusive growth means a growth process which yields broad-
based
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Architecture And Design
 Objectives/Targets of
plan:
Infrastructure
Roads
Ports
Airports
Railways
Power
Irrigation
Telecom/IT
Education
Youth Affairs
Sports and Physical Education
Health
Women and Children
Income and Poverty
Environment

Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia 22

Gateway College of Architecture And Design
 Sectoral Growth Financing of Eleventh
Targets of 11th Plan: Five Year Plan:
Financing Pattern of Public Sector Outlay
during 11th Plan
(Rs.` Crore at 2006-07 prices)
Area Growt Resources Central States and Total
Governm UTs
h ent
Rate 1. Balance from 6,39,989 3,85,050 10,39,039
per Current Revenue
Annu 2. Borrowings 7,67,722 6,49,423 14,17,145
m (in
%) 3. Net Inflow - - -
from abroad
Gross 9.0
4. Resources of 10,59,711 1,28,824 11,88,535
Domestic PSEs
Product 5. Aggregate 24,81,422 11,63,296 36,44,718
(GDP) Resources (1 to
Agricultu 4.1 4)
re 6. Assistance to -3,24,851 3,24,851 -
States and UTs
Industry 10.5
TOTAL 21,56,57 14,88,147 36,44,718
Services 9.9 RESOURCES 1 PPT
Exports 16.4 (Source: Economic Survey, 2007-08, p.a-50)
(Source: Planning Commission)
Imports 12.5
23Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of Architecture And Design
 Main Areas of 11th Plan:
Strategy of 11th Plan:
The main elements of strategy Main areas of 11th plan are as follows:
of 11th Plan are: 1. Agriculture
1. Rapid Growth 2. Infrastructure
Highways
2. Inclusive Growth
Airports
3. Main Priority Areas Railways
4. Main Focus on Private Power Generation
Sector 3. Rural Infrastructure: Specific
Targets of Bharat Nirman
Programme for the Period (2005-
2009)
Irrigation
Rural Roads
Rural Housing
Rural Water
Rural Electrification
Rural Telephone
4. Industry
5. Employment
6. Education
7. Health
8. Social Sector
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24
 Assessment of Economic Planning
oinAchievements:
India: o Failures:
1. Increase in National Income
The major failures of economic
2. Increase in Per Capita
planning are as follows:
Income
1. No Substantial Increase in the
3. Increase in the Rate of
Standard of Living
Capital Formation
2. Increase in Unemployment
4. Development of Agriculture
3. Inequality in Distribution of
5. Industrial Development
Income and Wealth
6. Infrastructure Development
4. More Ambitious
7. Generation of Employment
5. Paradox of Saving and
8. Development of Social
Investment
Services
Life Expectancy 6. Predominance of Welfare
Death Rate Considerations
Education 7. Less Growth in Productive
Health Sector
9. Self-Reliance
10. Structural and Institutional
Changes

Lecture -05 Housing-VIII (B.Arch) Ar. Himmat Bhatia Gateway College of Architecture And Design 25
Thank You!

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