Elemen-Elemen Fiksi

Tujuan Pengarang/penulis
- Alasan dan karya. The purpose may be to
explain or inform, entertain, persuade, or
reveal an important truth.
Characters
-a person, an animal, or an imaginary creature that
takes the part in the action of the story.

Characterization - the techniques

an author uses to develop the personality
of a character in a literary work.

An author can give information about a

character by describing several aspects of the
character:
Characters, continued
physical appearance and personality
speech, behavior , and actions
thoughts and feelings
interactions with other characters
Characters, continued
Character Types-

Protagonist- the main character

of the story that is most central to
the action of the story.

Antagonist- the person or thing

working against the protagonist,
or hero, in the story.
Characters, continued
Static Characters-
characters that stay the
same throughout the
story. Flat very few personality traits,
do not change throughout the story,
sometimes can be symbols or
Dynamic Characters- stereotypes
characters that change
and learn something
during the story. Round convincing and true to life,
many different personality traits,
usually undergo a change during
the story
Setting
-the time and place in which the action
occurs. Look for clues in the opening
paragraphs of the story or novel.
Point of View
-the perspective or vantage point from which
an author presents a story.
1st person- the story is told by one of the
characters in the story. The character uses the
pronouns I and we.

3rd person- the story is told by the narrator who

stands outside of the story and observes the
events as they unfold. The narrator uses the
pronouns she, he, and they.
Plot
-the action or sequence of events in a story.
It is based on a key conflict.

There are five basic parts of plot-

Plot, continued
Exposition- the first part of the story. The author establishes
the setting, introduces characters, gives additional
background information.

Rising Action/Complications- the series of conflicts or

struggles that build a story toward its climax. Tension rises.

Climax- the high point, or turning point, of a story. It is the

most intense point. A decision is made that will decide the
outcome of the conflict.

Falling Action- the action that works out the decision arrived
at during the climax. The conflict is or begins to be settled.

Resolution- the ending. It ties up loose ends and brings the

story to a close.
Theme
-the statement about life that the author
wants to share with the reader. Often
times, the reader will have to make
inferences or reasonable guesses as to
the theme of the story.

Helpful hint- Ask yourself what lesson the main

character learned in the story?
Symbolism
-An image/object in a story that is
used repeatedly and carries a
deeper meaning.

Universal Symbols:
water = purity
black clouds = evil approaching