URBAN PROBLEMS

RELATED TO
ENERGY

VINEETH S
B140326EE
 URBAN RURAL

Anurban areais the region An rural areais the region outside a

surrounding a city. city.
Most inhabitants of urban Most inhabitants of rural areashave
areashave nonagricultural jobs. agricultural jobs.
Urban areasare very Rural areasare not
developed,meaningthere is a developed,meaningthere is less
density of human structures such as density of human structures such as
houses, commercial buildings, houses, commercial buildings, roads,
roads, bridges, and railways. bridges, and railways.
"Urban area" can refer to towns, Rural area" can refer to villages.
cities, and suburbs.
 Energy
Energy is the power derived from the
utilization of physical or chemical
resources, especially to provide light and
heat or to work machines.
 INTRODUCTION

As a fast growing economy, India is targeting

ambitious growth rates of seven to eight
percent over the past two decades. Economic
growth along with the growing population
necessitates an increase in energy
consumption. The need therefore is to meet
the energy needs of all segments of
population in the most efficient manner.
 Energy Demand
In developed countries (besides India) the
amount of energy used is much more
compared to underdeveloped / developing
countries.
Industrialized developed countries use
energy for these purposes:
(i) residential and commercial
(ii) industrial
(iii) transportation.
In less-developed countries ( for example
India), most of the energy is used by
individuals.
 The energy demanding
activities include:

Reside
ntial and
commer
cial
lighting!

 Modern life style
Electrical
Gadgets in
houses,
offices &
business
establishme
nts.
 Transportation

Includes
automobi
les,
trains,
metro-
rails.
 Industrial Plants
These Manufacturingaccounts for
85% of industrial energy use.
consu That includes:
me a Processing food and
big materials like petroleum, iron
portion ore, bauxite, wood, and other
minerals
of Refining oil and gas
energy. Heat treating metal
Assembling cars
Industrial energy use also
includesnon-
manufacturingactivities, like:
Agriculture
Construction
Mining
Water and wastewater
treatment
URBAN ENERGY CRISIS
Current patterns of energy use raise
serious concerns for three reasons
The finite natural reserves of
energy
Its detrimental effects on the
global environment
The threat to long term
sustainability
THREE KEY ISSUES LIKELY TO
SHAPE FUTURE OF ENERGY IN
CITIES
 1.SUSTAINABILITY
How much and at what rate is energy consumed, its
effect on long term sustainability, the quality and
quantity of available alternative/renewable forms of
energy, the use on the global environment as a whole.

2.EFFICIENCY
The technology, planning and management of
energy systems that will facilitate the efficient
use of energy for human activity
3. EQUITY
The appropriate financial mechanism for
research, development and use of finite and
alternative energy forms and their equitable
distribution for all human kind
 IMPORTANT ISSUES IN
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
One of the key issues is the way in which
energy is extracted, distributed and used.
There is a particular need for a shift from
current preference of energy derived from
finite, fossil based fuels to one that is cleaner,
low carbon, renewable forms of energy.
A number of trends in energy management
is driving this need for change. Principle
among them is the multiplier effect of using
green low impact and cleaner energy forms
The move towards the reduction in use of fossil
fuels is to go hand in hand with the following:-

Exploring alternative energy sources.

Linking energy with global environment issues.
Co-relating environmental management efficiency
with energy efficiency
Changes in lifestyles and increase in community
involvement.

Many of the global environmental problems that we

are currently facing such as climate change,
biodiversity loss, desertification, etc need at its core
a campaign towards cleaner and greener energy
that will stimulate actions in other fronts in
governance, education and technologies.
 RENEWABLE ENERGY
India recognized the importance of increasing
use of renewable energy sources for achieving a
sustainable energy base in the early 1970s.
During the past quarter of the century, a
significant thrust has been given to the
development, trial and induction of a variety of
renewable energy technologies for use in
different sectors.

With a strong industrial base and successful

commercialization of technologies in wind, solar
photovoltaics, solar thermal, small hydel, biogas
and improved biomass stoves, India is in a
RENEWABLE ENERGYSOURCES

WIND POWER
WATER POWER
SOLAR ENERGY
BIOFUEL
GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
FUEL CELLS
 WIND POWER

Form of Energy: Kinetic energy

This energy is used for: Sailing

ships, Pumping water/Irrigation,
Grinding Grains, Power generation

Some of the gadgets and other

devices: Sails, Windmills, Wind
turbines
WIND POWER
 HYDRO POWER
Form of Energy: Potential/Kinetic
energy

This energy is being used for:

Power generation

Some of the gadgets and other

devices: Turbine generators
OCEAN WAVE POWER
ENGINE
OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES
 GEO THERMAL POWER

Form of Energy: Thermal energy

This energy is being used for:

Heating/Power Generation

Some of the gadgets and other

devices: Heat exchanger, Steam
turbines
GEOTHERMAL STATION
 BIOMASS
Form of Energy: Chemical energy

This energy is being used for: Cooking,

Mechanical, Applications/Pumping, Power
generation, Transportation

Some of the gadgets and other

devices: Biogas plant/Gasifier/Burner,
Gasifier engine pump sets, Stirling engine
pump sets, Producer gas/ Biogas based
engine generator sets, Ethanol/Methanol
 SOLAR POWER
Form of Energy: Thermal energy

This energy is used for:

Cooking/Heating, Drying/Timber
seasoning, Distillation,
Electricity/Power generation, Cooling,
Refrigeration, Cold storage
SOLAR CELL
 CONCLUSION

As a citizen of India, there is a legal

and moral obligation to create an
energy use pattern that ensures
energy efficiency, protects
environmental integrity, and
maintains and enhances the
strength of our local economy.
 REFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES BY BENNY
JOSEPH.
www.wikipedia.org
THANK
YOU