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substation
A substation is a part of an
electrical generation,
transmission, and distribution
system.
automatically operated
Local breaker detects weather the circuit breaker trips
electrical switch designed to within 0.5 seconds else sends a pulse to trip all the circuit
protect an electrical circuit from breakers in the system.
damage caused by overload or
short circuit. Types :
According to the operating mechanism of circuit breaker they can be divided as:
A circuit breaker is usually 1) Spring operated circuit breaker
operated under load condition. 2) Pneumatic circuit breaker
3) Hydraulic circuit breaker
It is operated in GIS using a According to their arc quenching (rapid cooling) media the circuit breaker can be
spring mechanism. divided as:
1) Air circuit breaker
2) SF 6 circuit breaker
DISCONNECTING SWITCH OR ISOLATOR
A disconnector, disconnect switch or isolator switch is used to ensure that an
electrical circuit is completely de - energized for service or maintenance.
They are generally slow acting devices that are operated during open state of the GIS
equipment.
Make proof earthing switches are used for safe earthing of primary circuits including
closing on short circuit & to switch induced current.
The moving contacts are activated by a charged spring for opening and closing.
The enclosures used for making the substation bays are made of
aluminium alloys, cast or welded due to the following reasons:
4) Light weight.
Surge
arrestor Function of surge arrestor :
It reduces the gas leakage rate of substation by less than 0.1% per year.
It also maintains constant pressure inside the GIS and prevents the entry of
moisture into the GIS.
Normally this type of substations are indoor type and requires separate
building.
When fault occurs internally, the outage period will be very long. The
damage effect will also be severe.
Alstom g3 green gas for grid is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, non-flammable, SF 6-free gas mixture that can replace SF6
for high voltage air-insulated switchgear (AIS) or gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) applications. This gas mixture was jointly
developed with 3MTM, a leader in environmentally friendly solutions.
Alstom g3 has an extremely low global warming potential (GWP); in fact, its GWP is 98% lower than the GWP of SF 6. Alstom g3 is
safe to handle and has no impact on ozone depletion.
features of g3