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Nervous System Definition
Is a network of neurons that carry
information from the sense organs to
the central nervous system and from
the central nervous system back to
the part of the body concerned
Nervous System Functions
3 Functions
1. Collection of
Sensory Input

2. Integration
3. Motor Output
Neurons Structure
Neurons are functional cells of the
nervous system
A rounded, star-shaped or a
irregularly-shaped cell
Transmit electrochemical messages
called nerve impulses to
Other neurons
Effectors (muscles or glands)
Neurons Structure
Neurons lose
their ability
to divide
If destroyed,
not replaced
Neuralgia -
support cells
for neurons
Neurons Structure
Dendrites receive nerve impulses for
the neuron
Axons send nerve impulses away
from the cell body
Synapse tiny space between neurons
Synaptic Vesicles contains
neurotransmitters
Neurons Structure
Schwann cells known for their roles
in supporting nerve regeneration
Myelin insulates axons and enables
axons to send nerve impulses more
quickly
Node of Ranvier periodic gap in the
myelin
Nervous System Division
Central Nervous System
Protected by bony structures
and 3-layer protective
membranes called meninges
Brain
Largest and most complex part
of the nervous system
The central exchange of nerve
impulses
Weighs about 3 pounds
Fills the cranial cavity
Central Nervous System

Brain is composed
of:
Cerebrum
Crebellum
Brain Stem
Diencephalon
Central Nervous System
Cerebrum largest part of the human brain,
associated with higher brain function
Cerebellum associated with regulation
and coordination of movement, posture,
and balance
Brain Stem controls the flow of messages
between the brain and the rest of the body
Diencephalon regulates visceral activities
and the autonomic nervous system
Central Nervous System
Spinal Cord
Large ropelike segment of the nerve
extending from the brain stem to the
vertebral column
Serves as connector mechanism for
spinal reflexes connecting the link
between the CNS and PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory Nerves
carry impulses
from the outer
parts to the CNS
Motor Nerves
carry impulses
from the CNS to
outer parts
Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System (Voluntary)
nerves that connect the CNS to skin
and skeletal muscle
Autonomic Nervous System
(Involuntary) nerves that connect the
CNS to organs and other structures
Sympathetic Prepares body for stressful
or emergency situations
Parasympathetic Prepares body for rest
and digestion
Common Ailments of the Nervous System

Cerebral Palsy disorder caused by

damage to the brain resulting to a lack of
balance and usually impaired speech
Epilepsy characterized by series of
epileptic seizures
Parkinsons Disease common symptom is
tremor that starts from one hand then
slowly spreads to the legs on the same side
Alzheimers Disease progressive mental
deterioration due to generalized
degeneration of the brain
Fun Facts

Brains right
side controls
the left side of
the body
Brains left
side controls
the right side
of the body
Fun Facts

The nervous system is

able to transmit impulses
at the speed of 100
meters per second
Fun Facts

Brain cannot feel

any pain
Making it
possible for the
doctors to
perform brain
surgery on
patients who are
awake
The pupil ofyour
eye expands
asmuch as45%
when you look
atsomeone you
love