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÷
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To inspire your workers into higher levels of

teamwork, and make correct decisions at right
time organizations need somebody.

Leadership is a process by which a person

influences others to accomplish an objective by
applying their leadership attributes like beliefs,
values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skills.

 
  

 

=ass' theory of leadership

1. Some personality traits may lead people naturally
into leadership roles
2. A crisis or important event may cause a person to
rise to the occasion
3. People can choose to become leaders. People can
learn leadership skills
|
 
Ty   |
  y

Ty   |
  y

4 Autocratic:
± Leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else
± High degree of dependency on the leader
± Can create de-motivation and alienation of staff
± May be valuable in some types of business where decisions
need to be made quickly and decisively
Ty   |
  y

4 ºemocratic:
4 Encourages decision making from different
perspectives ± leadership may be emphasised
throughout the organisation
± Consultative: process of consultation before decisions are
taken
± Persuasive: Leader takes decision and seeks to persuade
others that the decision is correct
Ty   |
  y

4 ºemocratic:
± May help motivation and involvement
± Workers feel ownership of the firm and its ideas
± Improves the sharing of ideas and experiences
within the business
± Can delay decision making
Ty   |
  y

4 Laissez-Faire:
± µLet it be¶ ± the leadership responsibilities are shared
by all
± Can be very useful in businesses where creative
ideas are important
± Can be highly motivational as people have control
over their working life
± Can make coordination and decision making time
consuming and lacking in overall direction
± Relies on good team work
± Relies on good interpersonal relations
Ty   |
  y

4 Paternalistic:
4 Leader acts as a µfather figure¶
4 Paternalistic leader makes decision but may
consult
4 =elieves in the need to support staff
^
 |
 
^
 |
 

4 The most challenging aspect of business is leading

and managing change
4 =usiness environment is subject to fast paced
economic and social change
4 Organizations go through four main changes
throughout their growth
4  
   
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^
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4 Modern business must adapt and be flexible to survive

4 Leaders can help the change process by changing their
employees' attitude from avoidance into acceptance

4 Leaders need to be aware of how change

impacts on workers:
=uild the change so that others want to be part of it. When
you give them part of it, also give them the authority and
control to act upon it.
 ^
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T    |
 
T    |
 

4 Trait theories:
4 A person with strong character shows drive, energy,
determination, self-discipline, willpower, and nerve.
4 There are a set of characteristics that determine a
good leader?
± Personality
± ºominance and personal presence
± Self confidence
± Achievement
± Ability to formulate a clear vision
T    |
 

4 Trait theories:
T
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a person, while character is the sum total of these
traits like
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T    |
 

4 =ehavioural:
4 Imply that leaders can be trained ± focus on the way
of doing things
± Structure based behavioural theories ± focus on the leader
instituting structures ± task orientated
± Relationship based behavioural theories ± focus on the
development and maintenance of relationships ± process
orientated
T    |
 

4 Contingency Theories:
4 Leadership as being more flexible ± different
leadership styles used at different times depending
on the circumstance.
4 Suggests leadership is not a fixed series of
characteristics that can be transposed into different
contexts
T    |
 

4 May depend on:

± Type of staff
± History of the business
± Culture of the business
± Quality of the relationships
± Nature of the changes needed
± Accepted norms within the institution

    y


    y

4 Leadership style may be dependent on various

factors:
± Risk - decision making and change initiatives based on degree
of risk involved
± Type of business ± creative business or supply driven?
± How important change is ± change for changes sake?
± Organisational culture ± may be long embedded and difficult to
change
± Nature of the task ± needing cooperation? ºirection?
Structure?
r^T r rr | 

4 ‰rowing a team think yourself as a team leader, having

authority & responsibility of others.
4 Form matrix teams include work groups, cross functional
teams, task forces, problem solving teams, committees by
taking people from diverse background
4 Lead the team by making proper goals and asking team
members to accomplish organization¶s goal.
4 Removing the communication problems and barriers
within the organization
r^T r rr | 

4 T     

 to achieve targets
4 

  y by developing safe atmosphere for work
for all employees, seeking information's from diverse people,
inviting people who are different from u to informal gatherings
and creating a team sprirt in which each think a part of it.
4  
 
, Influencing someone's motivation means
getting them to want to do what you know must be done.
People can be motivated by such forces as beliefs, values,
interests, fear, and worthy causes.
4 Leader can motivate employees by rewarding good
behavior, including them in planning process, keeping them
informed and fulfilling their primary needs.

4 As a leader you have to know the human behavior of

employees working under you to motivate them and to gain
their support by knowing what they demand or need.
 
 

‰ood leaders are 
 not born. If you have

the desire and willpower, you can become an
effective leader, and a good leader is
essential for any organization.

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS