Hellenistic Period (323 - 146 BCE)

Presented by : Kao, Ice, Chin, Jew

Geography
Timeline
323 BCE - Alexander the Great died, all 7 Diadochi spread out in many places.

322 - 301 BCE - The successor wars

295 BCE - Demetrius I remove tyrant from Athens and Greece

287 - 212 BCE - Life of Archemedes

280 BCE - The Archean league

146 BCE - Athens conquered by the ancient Rome, move to the Roman Greece
Geography Information
- Hellensitic Period began after Alexander the Great died

- Like Roman Empire, This period was set like a Province ruling but Province was called as
Satrapy

-There are seven satrapies during this period

- Ptolemy ( Egypt )

- Pontius ( Around the northern area of Turkey )

- Antigonus ( Phrygia(Turkey and Middle East)

- Cassandar ( Macidonia ( Northern Greece ))

- Pyrrhus ( Epirus ( Northern Turkey ))

- Pyrrhus ( Epirus ( Northern Turkey ))

- Lysimachus ( Thrace )

- Seleucus ( Babylon ( Iran ))

Rise
Accepted to begin in 323BCE and ends in 31BCE.

- Hellenistic period rise up, after the death of Alexander.

- Greece became a kingdom ruled by a series of Macedonian kings.

- Greek civilization spread across the Middle East, and become mixed with
local cultures to produce the hybrid Hellenistic Civilization.
Fall
Brought to an end by the rising power of Rome.

:The first kingdom to fall to Rome was Macedonia, the final one was
Egypt.

Warfare

:Famously, the end of Ptolemaic Egypt came as the final act in the
republican civil war.

Augustus invaded Egypt and took it as his own personal fiefdom.

Hellenistic culture, however was to last much longer, and its impact can be felt
down to the present day.
Cities
- It divided into 7 satrapy(province).

- Every satrapy has diadochi.

- Diadochi is who that is ruler of each satrapy.

Cities
Egypt

Ptolemais: Use title of pharaoh

Almost of the royal line relate to the Alexander the great.

Ptolemy(general) is the ruler of this satrapy.

Alexandria city: Alexandria lighthouse has located here before.

Named after Alexander the great.

Cities
Macedonia(Home town of Alexander the great)

Pella: Rule by the king or queen called Monarchy

Important City in macedonia because it seaport of Macedonia.

Cassandar is the Diadochi in Macedonia.

Cities
Babylon

Susa: Seleucus is the ruler of this satrapy.

In side the babylon has Persian city (Persepolis city)

When Babylon fall it became part of the Seleucid Empire.

Cities
Sparta: Almost citizen is male

City-state that have military school.

Girl that come to Sparta can not be the citizen, only business man.

Oligarchy(a small group of people having control of a country)

The battle of Plataiai(battle with

Tried to fight the Macedonian

The Achaean League

After Sparta fall it become a minor polis on the Peloponnese.

Famous People
Archimedes
Archimedes was born at Sicily of Rome. He was found by Alexander the Great in
331 BCE. He was a talented scholar, that Alexander make him have a reputation
of great learn and Scholarship. After he finish the scholarship, he come back to
Syracuse in Sicily.He is also solve the mystery of his kings crown by using his
own theory The Buoyant force
Government
The dominant form of government in the Hellenistic Age was the despotism
of kings who represented themselves as at least semi-divine.

Dominated by the several large and powerful kingdom.

The king were primarily military rulers, with all other considerations of
state subordinated to the needs of their armies. These kingdoms were
autocracies, with power centralised upon the monarch and his court.

The kingdom's territories divided into provinces under royal governors

called, as under the Persian empire, satraps, who had immense power within
their satrapies.
Government
In the western Mediterranean, things were different. Hundreds of Greek
city-states, continued to maintain their independence, much as they had before
Alexander the Greats time.

Leading cities like Athens and Sparta tried to play one big kingdom off
against another.

The smaller city-states tended to form alliances with each other, conceding
large parts of their individual sovereignty in order to ensure their joint
protection against their more powerful neighbours.
Religion
- Polytheism is mean believe in many god. They believed that god control
everything. Believed in olympus god(led by zeus). Everythings that occurred
in the future and the calamity.

- Olympain gods have 12 gods which are Apollo, Athena,Aphrodite, Ares,

Artemis Hera, Hermes, Hedes, Hephaistos, Demeter, Dionysus and poseidon.

- Every god have their own temple and it can have one or more temple. (ex.
Artemis Temple)

- When the old societies were powerless, the new religion were appeared.
Language
-Koine Greek-

A standard language, unlike pidginization and creolization, theres no

target within koine formation. It involves continuity in that speakers do not
need to abandon their own linguistic varieties.

First use during Hellenistic and Roman period.

The common form of Greek spoken and written .

Inventions
- In this era is popular on mathhematic, geography and Astronomer.

1. Hipparchus(father of trigonometry): He create the foundation of spherical

trigonometry, plane and equipment to measure the position of astrolabe and
Sun.
Inventions

2. Eratosthenes: Is philologist, astronomer and librarian of Alexandria.

Calculate the Earths curcumference.

Inventions

3. Odometer - Is the tool for measure the distance travelled by a vehicle. By

precisely measuring separation and empowering its watchful outline with points
of reference, it upset street building and travel.
Inventions

4. Alarm clock - It used an integrated mechanism to time the alarm, which

would sound off delicate water organs or drop pebbles into drums.
Military
The most reunited military in the ancient Greece civilization.

Hoplite: Heavy infantry, who armed with 2 meter long spear and shield. They
usually stick together to make a formation call Phalanx.

Rammer : The big wooden log that use to ram the gate. Many empire used this is
breach to the stronghold

Trireme : A big warships that have a sharp head so they can ram another ship.
They also have many archer at the side of the ship, so they can fight the crews
in another ship.
Hoplite Battle ram Trireme
Art
-Hellenistic Art was focus on the human figure and it structure.

-Deities and the myths figure were still used as a concept of art.

-Art of this period focus on sculpturing.

-Pithos was a jar that found in greece.