Current carrying conductor in a magnetic field.

+ -

A current carrying conductor in a magnetic

field experiences a .....................
The direction is given
by .................... ............. . ............. N S
Motor rule.

Force

Fields in ............................... direction

they cancel out/become weakened - N X S
resulting in a downward force.
 Current carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
+ -

A current carrying conductor in a

magnetic field experiences a force.
The direction is given by Flemmings
Left Hand Motor rule. N S

Force

Fields in opposite direction they cancel

out/become weakened - resulting in a N X S
downward force.
Right Hand Wire Rule
 Magnetic Effect
A .............................. field is generated around any
conductor when an electric current flows through I t.
Electric current

Wire with current

coming ......................
you Wire with current
going ............... from you

x
 MAGNETIC EFFECT
A magnetic field is generated around any conductor
when an electric current flows through it.
Electric current

Wire with current

coming towards you
Wire with current
going away from you

x
 SOLENOID
A coil generates a very concentrated (strong)
magnetic field in its center. Increasing the number of
Electric current coils strengthens the
magnetic field.

The .............. Hand Rule

N can also be applied to a
x solenoid!

S x

INSIDE THE COIL THE FIELD GOES FROM ...............TO ..............!!!

 SOLENOID
A coil generates a very concentrated (strong)
magnetic field in its center. Increasing the number of
Electric current coils strengthens the
magnetic field.

The Right Hand Rule can

N also be applied to a
x solenoid!

S x

INSIDE THE COIL THE FIELD GOES FROM SOUTH TO NORTH!!!

Right Hand Rule - Solenoid
 SOLENOID FIELD

Web Applet Demo>>

Note field same as bar magnet

Inside S N!!!!!
 THE ELECTRIC MOTOR

current
B
C

N S
A D
+
-
Indicate the direction of rotation with an arrow.
Show the application of the rule used to decide which way

the coil will turn.

THE ELECTRIC MOTOR
Rotation
current
B
Current C
Thrust
Thrust

N S
A D Magnetic
Field
+
-
 THE MOTOR EFFECT
+ -
A current carrying conductor
in a magnetic field
experiences a .
The direction is given by
.. N S
rule. .
Second
Forefinger
..
.
Magnetic fields ..
Thumb

Fields in opposite direction

they N X S
- resulting in
a .. force.
 THE MOTOR EFFECT
+ -
A current carrying conductor
in a magnetic field
experiences a force.
The direction is given by
Fleming's Left Hand Motor N S
rule. Current
Second
Forefinger
Fiel Force
Thrust d
Magnetic fields strengthened!
Thumb

Fields in opposite direction

they cancel out/become N X S
weakened - resulting in a X
downward force.
 THE ELECTRIC MOTOR

Indicate the polarity of the battery.

Show how the direction of rotation supports your decision.
THE ELECTRIC MOTOR

- +
 Electromagnetic Induction
An electrical conductor that is accelerated - +
through a magnetic field will experience an
.. .electrical current according to .............. current
Fleming's .................Hand Rule.

............ Thumb
Second N S
.................

.................
Forefinger ..

Faradays Law
The size of the induced .is directly proportional to the
.of change of the magnetic .. .
 Electromagnetic Induction
An electrical conductor that is accelerated - +
through a magnetic field will experience an
INDUCED electrical current according to
Fleming's Right Hand Rule.

Thrust Thumb
Second N S
Current

Fiel
d
Forefinger Thrus
t

Faradays Law
The size of the induced current is directly proportional to the rate of change of
the magnetic flux linkage.
 ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH
Magnetic field Strength (B) measured in
+ -
(
()
.)
(...)
Total number of field lines is called
.. (.) measured
in . () N S

= . Thrus (..)
= .. ()
t
B = . ()
= no of
A = . through which . in
flux passes that area.

1 .. is the field . when a current of .. A flows through a

conductor and it experiences a .. of N per meter of length.
 ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH
Magnetic field Strength (B) measured in
+ -
(1A)
Teslas (T)
(1T)
Total number of field lines is called

magnetic flux () measured in

Webers (Wb) N S

= BA Thrus (1N)
= magnetic flux (Wb)
t
B = magnetic field strength (T)
= no
A = area through which flux lines in
passes that
area

1 Tesla is the field strength when a current of 1 A flows through a conductor

and it experiences a force of 1N per meter of length.
 Faradays Law
The induced emf (.) is directly proportional to the
. of change of ..

S N

The induced emf can be increased by:

Increasing the
Using
Decreasing the . moving ..

The size of the induced is (also) directly proportional to the

. of the ...
 Faradays Law
The induced emf () is directly proportional to the rate of

change of flux linkage ( ).

S N

The induced emf can be increased by:

Increasing the number of coils
Using stronger magnets
Decreasing the time moving faster

The size of the induced current is (also) directly proportional to the rate of
change of the magnetic flux linkage.
 Generator - .........................

current is produced.

 Generator - Alternator

Alternating current is produced.

 Generator - .......................

current is produced.

 Generator - dynamo

Direct current is produced.

 Alternating Current
Voltage & current . constantly.

 Alternating Current 90o

Voltage & current vary constantly.

0o 180o
360o
Coil vertical 90o to
270o
the magnetic field

0o 90o 180o 270o 360o

V = vmax sin 2ft

A maximum current would be produced at the I = Imax sin 2ft
same time as the maximum voltage.
 Alternating and Direct Current
What would be the equivalent constant/direct current /voltage
to give the same effect as an alternating current?

X X

??
Equivalent voltage/current
 Equivalent Voltage Root Mean Squared
Vmax 2

V2
Voltage (V)

Vmax2 Vmax2 ave (mean)

2
Vmax
2 V2 ave (mean)

V
Exemplar Questions>>

Revision Questions >>

Pav = VRMSIRMS or P = I2RMS R

 Resistance
16.97 V
12 V
Io = Vo/R Io = Vrms/R
= = ..
= .. V = ..

5
R = Vo/Io R = Vrms /Irms
= = .
= = ...

Resistance can be worked out either way!

Pav = or P =
 Resistance
16.97 V
V 12 V

Vo = Vrms x 2 Irms = Vrms/R

= 12 x 2 = 12/5
= 2.4 A
= 16.97 V ~
12 V
(rms)
Io = Vo/R
= 16.97/5
= 3.4 A
5
R = Vrms /Irms
R = Vo/Io = 12/2.4
= 16.97/3.394 = 5
= 5

Resistance can be worked out either way!

Pav = VRMSIRMS or P = I2RMS R

 Power Transmission
P = ........................................... P = ..............................................

0.6 A 0.6 A

25 000V Cable resistance 200 km 250 000V Cable resistance 200 km

0,6A 10 0,06A 10

Voltage drop Voltage drop

V= V=

Power lost = Power lost =

Reducing the current ensures ......................................in

transmission.
 Power Transmission
P = VI = (25000)(0.6) = 15 000 W P = VI = (250000)(0.06) = 15 000 W

0.6 A
0.6 A

25 000V Cable resistance 200 km

0,6A 10 250 000V Cable resistance 200 km
0,06A 10

Voltage drop Voltage drop

V = IR = (0,6)(10) = 60 V V = IR = (0,048)(10) = 0.48 V

Power lost = VI Power lost = VI

= (60)(10) = (0.48)(10)
= 600 W = 4.8 W

Reducing the current ensures less voltage/power lost in

transmission.
RECTIFIED
CURRENT