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va= Q/A
R= (p*va*d/u)
f=150 (1-e/R) +1.75
hL=(L/)*(1-e/e3)*(va2/g)*fx/d
HL=hL+(hi)t
 EXAMPLE 7.2

1) determine velocity column 1 va = 4 (gal / min-ft2)

*(1ft3/7.481 gal)*(1min /60 s) =8.9 *10-3 ft/s

2) determine reynold number for first particle size

d=3.28*10-3 ft R=0.95*1.94*8.9*10-3*3.28*10-3/3*10-5 =1.8

3) determine friction factor column 2 f=150 (1-0.4/1.8)

+1.75 =51.75
4) column 3 x/d and column 4 f * x/d
=51.75*0.011/3.28*10-3=174

5) column 5 is f * x/d = 113.97

6) hL =2/0.95 * (1-0.4/0.43)*((8.9*10-
) /32.2)*113.977 =5.78ft
3 2

7) determine total water through the filter =

4gal/min-ft2 *(20ft*20ft)*4h*60 min/h
=384000 gal
1.45*106 L= 384000gal*3.7785
L/gal=covert gal to L
solids removal is 55 - 3 =52 mg/L
convert to mg =52 mg/L * 1.45*106 L =75.4*106 mg

convert ft3 to cm3 =200ft3*0.02832 m3/ft3*106

cm3
/m3=5.65*106 cm3

suspended solids removal per unit filter volume

is =75.4*106mg/5.65*106cm3=13.3 mg / cm3

hL at time zero from =16.45 ft

so the total head loss of the dirty filter is =5.78
ft + 16.45 ft =22.2 ft


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