MAT

NEG
What is a Magnet?

What Materials are Magnetic?

What Materials are
Magnetic?
 What Do Magnets
Do?
Attract or repel other magnets (exert a
force)

Attract other magnetic metals

Have at least 2 distinct ends (poles) each

Like poles repel, opposite poles attract

Notes:
Do not need to touch to exert force (can exert force through
empty space)
Can turn other magnetic metal objects into temporary
magnets
 What is a Force? Electric field of 2 like charges
Force is a push or pull that causes a
change in motion.

A Force Field is the pattern in space of

how that force is felt by other objects.

Fundamental Forces arise from

fundamental properties of matter:
Gravity arise from Mass:
mass attracts mass

Electric force arises from

Charge: two kinds of
charge (positive and
negative), like charges
repel and opposite
charges attract
Gravitational
field of a point
of mass Electric field of 2 opposite
 Magnetic Field
Magnetic field of a Bar
Magnet: 2 poles, called
North and South

Dipole field

Field has direction: lines

point away from N and
toward S

Definition of a Pole: Where lines meet

(converge)

e.g.: lines of longitude on a globe meet

at poles
Magnetism
magnets

What do we
already
know?
What are we going to learn today?
Understand that some materials are
attracted to magnets

What the characteristics of magnets are

That magnets can repel and attract each

other

How magnets behave

What happens when you put two magnets

together
 Lodestone
There are many legends that tell
us about the discovery of
magnets.

One of the most common, is that

of an elderly shepherd named
Magnets, who was herding his
sheep in an area of Northern
Greece called Magnesia, about
4,000 years ago.

It is said that both the nails in his

shoes and the metal tip of his staff
became firmly stuck to the large,
black rock on which he was
standing. This type of rock was
later named magnetite, after
either Magnesia or Magnets
himself.
 magnets

wand magnet
bar magnet

doughnut magnet

horseshoe magnet
What are some uses for magnets?

Magnets are in most electronic devices, in

fact, anything that has a motor uses a
magnet. They are used to Magn ets are
slow down roller to keep used
coasters and refriger
doors c a tor
subways. losed.
Magn
e
place ts are eve
ns, d n
v i s i o stom in the
Tele s , and ac
u t e r s to ca hs of cow
comp ave oven tch m s
w etals
micro rate with !
e
all op ts.
e
magn

More uses of magnets are found every day!

hat are the characteristics of magnet

u s u a lly
e y a r e They
Th i ro n. h av e
o f two e
made nds
They can calle
also mag d
netic
repel other poles
.
n magnets.
y c a
Th e t
a c
at t r e
som ls.
t e ria
ma
at do all these new words actually me
Magnet
A stone or a piece of metal that attracts some
other metal.

Attract
To pull towards each other.

Repel
To push away from each other.

Poles
The ends of a magnet.
 poles Every
magn
et has
at lea
st one
north
pole
an d o
ne
south
pole.

The blue end of a magnet is usually

the south pole.
The red end of a magnet is usually
the north pole.
 When two magnets are
close, they create
pushing or pulling
forces on one another.

These forces are strongest at the ends of

the magnets. The two ends of a magnet
are known as the north pole and the
 What did we find out?

So now we know that like poles repel

each other
and that opposite poles attract each
other.

They do this because there is

a
FORCE
between them.
 Same poles repel
If you try to put two magnets
together with the same poles
pointing towards one another, the
magnets will push away from each
other. We say they repel each other.
In th
is pi
two ctur
nort e
are p h po
ushi les
a wa n
y fro g
othe m ea
r (re ch
each pelli
o t he ng
r).
Different poles attract
If you put two magnets together with
different poles pointing towards one
another, the magnets will pull towards
each other. We say they attract each
other.

In this picture a north and a south pole

are pulling towards each other (attracting
each other).
 Did you know?
Magnets can
attract other
magnets but they
can also attract Magnetic
magnetic materials are
materials.
always metals
but only a few
metals are
magnetic.
 s o an y
g n e t i c , b e
S m a t w i l l
Iron I i th i ro n i ni
t . S t e el
e ta l w m a g n e
m d t o a e l
ra c t e a st e
att s i ro n , s o
e , w i l l
l
contain ip, for examp net.
ap e rc l a m a g
p c t e d t o
a
be attr Most other metals,
for example
aluminium, copper
and gold, are NOT
magnetic. An
aluminium drinks can,
for example, will not
be attracted to a
How do magnets help in a scrap
yard?
A car is made up of many different materials.
When a car is scrapped the different types of
metals need to be sorted. A huge rotating magnet
is used to sort the magnetic materials from the
non-magnetic materials. Separating the materials
allows them to be reused.
 vocabulary
magnetism magnet

magnetic non-magnetic

force poles

push pull

repel attract

north south