Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing

Protocol

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 Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol
Cisco proprietary protocol
Classless routing protocol
Metric (32 bit) : Composite Metric

=> (BW + Delay) by default.

Administrative distance is 90
Updates are sent through Multicast IP address (224.0.0.10 ).
EIGRP supports:
- Rapid convergence
- Reduced bandwidth usage
- Multiple network-layer protocols

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 Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol

Max Hop count is 224 (100 by default)

Supports IP, IPX and Apple Talk protocols

Hello packets are sent every 5 seconds

Convergence rate is fast

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 Routing Protocol
Classification
IGP
Interior Gateway
Protocol
Routing protocols used
within an autonomous
system
All routers will be routing
within the same
Autonomous boundary
RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF,
IS-IS
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EGP
Exterior Gateway
Protocol
Routing protocol used
between different
autonomous systems
Routers in different AS
need an EGP
Border Gateway Protocol
is extensively used as
EGP
 IGP & EGP

IGPs: RIP, OSPF, IGPs: RIP, OSPF,

IGRP, EIGRP EGPs: BGP IGRP, EIGRP

XYZ - AS 100 ABC AS 200

IGPs operate within an autonomous system

EGPs connect different autonomous systems
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 EIGRP Terminology

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 EIGRP
Concepts & Terminology

EIGRP routers keep route and topology information readily

available in RAM, so they can react quickly to changes.

Like OSPF, EIGRP saves this information in several tables

and databases.

EIGRP saves routes that are learned in specific ways.

Routes are given a particular status and can be tagged to

provide additional useful information.

EIGRP maintains three tables:

- Neighbor table
- Topology table
- Routing table
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 EIGRP Tables

Neighbor Table: Contains information about directly connected adjacent

routers.

Topology Table: Contains entries for all the destinations, along with feasible
distance, any feasible successor, Advertised distance, and the calculated
cost.

Routing Table: The EIGRP routing table holds the best routes to a
destination. This information is retrieved from the topology table. Each
EIGRP router maintains a routing table for each network protocol.

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 EIGRP Data Structure

Like OSPF, EIGRP relies on different types of packets to maintain its

various tables and establish complex relationships with neighbor
routers. The five EIGRP packet types are:
Hello
Acknowledgment
Update
Query
Reply

EIGRP relies on hello packets to discover, verify, and rediscover

neighbor routers.

Rediscovery occurs if EIGRP routers do not receive hellos from each

other for a hold time interval but then re-establish communication.

EIGRP routers send hellos at a fixed but configurable interval, called

the hello interval. The default hello interval depends on the bandwidth
of the interface.

On IP networks, EIGRP routers send hellos to the multicast IP address

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224.0.0.10.
 DUAL Example

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 EIGRP Lab

10.0.0.1/8 11.0.0.1/8
S0 S0

CHE S1 HYD S1 BAN

10.0.0.2/8 11.0.0.2/8
E0 E0 E0
192.168.1.1/24 192.168.2.1/24 192.168.3.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24

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 Routing Comparison
Characteristic EIGRP OSPF RIPv2 RIPv1

Type of protocol Advance Distance Link-state Distance Vector Distance Vector

Vector

Classless support Yes Yes Yes No

VLSM support Yes Yes Yes No

Auto summarization No No Yes Yes

Discontiguous support Yes Yes Yes No

Route propagation Multicast (change) Multicast (change) Periodic multicast Periodic broadcast

Path metric Bandwidth+ Hops Bandwidth Hops Hops

Hop count limit None None 15 15

Convergence Very Fast Fast Slow Slow

Hierarchical network Yes (Using AS) Yes( Using Area) No (flat only) No (flat only)

Peer authentication Yes Yes Yes No

Updates Event Triggered Triggered Route table updates Route table updates

Route computation DUAL Dijkstra Bellman-Ford Bellman-Ford

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 THE END

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