Structure ,

composition and
function of
cytoskeletone
Cytoskeleton

Function:
Pergerakan sel. ex: gerakan
internal organella, cell locomotion
and kontraksi jaringan otot
Mempertahankan bentuk cell
shape.
Microfilament and membrane
binding protein membentuk
skeleton dibawah membran
plasma .
 Structure of Cytoskeleton

Cytk i.e a cytoplasmic system of fiber,

polimer dari protein subunit yang kecil.
Three types of filaments: (berdasar ,
type subunit and pengaturan subunit).
Actin filament (AF) (=microfilaments), 8-9
nm, twisted two-stranded structure.
Intermediate filaments (IFs), 10-nm, rope.
Microtubulus (MT), 24 nm, struktur
berlubang seperti tabung , dinding dibentuk
oleh protofilaments.
Structure of
Cytoskeleton (cont)
Protein subunit in
cytoskeletal Filament
Protein subunit in
cytoskeleton
filament
AF
Fungsi : in pembelahan sel and
gerakan sel
area yg paling banyak AF in
cells : cortex. cytoskeleton paling
sederhana, dekat plasma
membran plasma.
AF fills the cytosol and anchores
the cell to the substratum. ex. in
platelets, epithelial cells and
muscle.
GUEST WHAT ??
 1. Actin cytoskeletal
machinary (red) maintain cell
shape and generate force for
movement
2. drives the membrane
forward. actine cross-linking
protein organize bundles
,support cell shape.
3. movements within cells and
contractions at the cell
membrane.
4. AF and IF (purple)
cytoskeleton integrate cell
through attachments to cell
adhesion.
5. nuclear lamin
 IF
Function: mensupport membran inti
dan mbantu hubungkan cells ke
jaringan.
IF typically ada di sitosol, mbentuk
internal framework that stretches from
the nuclear envelope to the plasma
membrane. IF is located adjacent to
cellular membranes-> nuclear lamina,
is anchored to the inner nuclear
membrane by prenyl anchors on lamin
B.
IF
 MT
A polymer of a globulin tubule subunit, 25 nm
and 100 m length arranged in cylindrical tube.
contains 2 populatios of MT: 1.stable, long-live
(in non-replicating cells) 2.unstable, short live.
incld.
- central bundle of MT in flagella and cilia
- extention of plasma membr-beat rhytmically- to
propel material across epithelial surface
- enable a sperm swim
- push an egg through oviduct
- nerve cells that must maintain long process
*axon.
 function in cell division
Transport material of axons.
Neuron harus disuply dg bahan
baru materials- ke
neurotransmitters at (synapse).
protein and membrane are
syntesized in the cell body-
must be transported through
axon to synaptic region.
accomplished on MT
microtubule
MT and
Intracellular
transport

2 familes of motor
protein-kinesins and
dyneins mediate
transport along
microtubules.
Centrosome
(CT)

The centrosome,
or MICROTUBULE
ORGANIZING
CENTER (MTOC),
area in the cell where
MT produced. In plant
and animal cell CT
play similar roles in
cell division, and
collections of MT. The centrosome, a MT-organizing
center, contain a pair of orthogonal
 Selama pembelahan animal cell ,
centrioles bereplikasi dan CT
membelah majd 2 CT. lalu
bergerakkekutub. MT tumbuh
menjadi "spindle" yang
bertanggungjwb utk memisahkan
chromosomes ke 2 sel anak.
MT and MTOC
 centriole

Centriole (animal
cells only): Each
centriole is a ring of
9 groups of fused
MT. three MT in each
group.
 Chemotaxi
s
senyawa kimia
Extracellular chemical
dapat mengarahkan
locomotion of a cell ke
arah ttt.
movement is guided by
insoluble molecules in
the underlaying
substratum. Cell senses,
follow the molecule along
a conc gradient, to the
source chemotaxis.
 Ex. Leukocytes are guided by
tripeptide secreted by many
bacterial cells.
In the development of skeletal
muscle, a secreted protein signal
called scatter factor guides the
migration of myoblast to the
proper locations