ASSALAMUALAIKUM & GOOD MORNING

FOR MUSLIM: ALWAYS FOLLOW THE WAY OF ISLAM COMPLETELY

FOR NON MUSLIM: ALWAYS SET GOAL BEFORE WORKING TOWARDS IT
PLASTICS
 TYPES OF PLASTIC
There are 2 types of plastic that is:
a) Thermoplastics
- A polymer that softens ans melts gradually

when heated and it can be reshaped when

still warm.
b) Thermosets
- A polymer that cant be reshaped after
manufacture
 Thermoplastics
polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene
& polyvinyl chloride (PVC) most common
thermoplastics
Any object made from thermoplastic can be
remolded into a new shape.
Thermoplastics creep considerably more than
thermosets, particularly at higher temperature
Can be used for light structural properties
 Polystyrene
has specific gravity of 1.05
It tensile strength is low, less than 48.5 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity is low
has good water resistance and dimensional
stability and inexpensive (cheap)
But it possesses poor heat resistance, limited
weather resistance.
It is brittle and lacks toughness
 Pure polystyrene that is crystal clear used
for storage container and cups.
Polystyrene and expanded polystyrene used
in tiles, packaging, containers, foams and
housewares.
Foamed polystyrene used in poured-in-
place concrete wall systems & as insulation
boards for foundation walls, masonry and
wood walls and roofing.
Polystyrene Sheeting
In-situ concrete flooring on 300mm of Expanded
Polystyrene insulation.
Polystyrene Block ( Usage In Construction )
 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Specific gravity about 1.39
Its made from monomer, vinyl chloride
Tensile strength low nearly like polystyrene
Its an excellent insulator
Used in raincoats and shower curtains
Extensively used in floor tiles, electric
cables, flexible sheeting, hoses, pipes,
expansion joint filler, ,moldings, luggage,
decorative wall coverings,
Multi-Lock Industrial Warehouse Floor Tile Made Using
PVC
PVC Vinyl Floor Tile
PVC pipe
 Polyethylene
Specific gravity of 0.92
Tensile strength very low, less than 13.8
Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity is very low
Its tough, weather-resisting plastic &
durable
Has excellent electrical properties
Has favorable chemical resistance
 Its common application is as polyethylene
bags
Polyethylene used in manufacture of films,
sheets, pipings, tanks, foams, electrical
conduit and moldings.
Polyethylene films & sheets used as
dampproof courses, membranes & curing
membranes
Polyethylene Plastic
Polyethylene Bags
Product Made Using Polyethylene
 Polypropylene
Has low specific gravity like polyethylene
Low modulus of elasticity
lightest material of all thermoplastics
Has a higher softening point and shinier
Good heat resistance but degrades under
exposure to sunlight
Has good abrasion resistance and hardness
Used for pipes, sheets, geomembranes
Polypropylene Sheets Protector Pack
Geomembranes Made Using Polypropylene
Polypropylene Pipe Fittings
 Acrylics
Crystal clear in natural form
has good weather resistance and ease of
forming
Tensile strength higher than other
thermoplastic material
Used in light fittings, skylights, screen
doors, paints and adhesives
Acrylic
Acrylic Shower Base, Screen and Door
 Thermosets
Most popular thermosets are unsaturated
polyester, epoxides, phenol-formaldehyde
and polyurethane.
Polyester used in manufacture of fiberglass
product and composite materials
Phenol-formaldehyde used in lavatory seats,
electrical fittings and equipment decorative
laminates.
Rope Made Using Polyester
Beaker Made Using Phenol Formaldehyde
 Advantages Of Plastic
It has high damping capacity ( ability to
absorb part of the vibrational energy) that
makes it suitable in application where
vibration is encountered.
Excellent water resistant.
- It have low water-absorption properties
making suitable as impervious membrane
layers that could prevent movement of
water. Application in foundation, water
supply installation, for concrete curing
 Its lower prices have contributed to the
universal application of plastic. Low cost
Plastics have a favorable strength / weight
ratio. It has low density (less than half of the
concrete and 1/7 steel)
Since plastic is light, it present ease in
handling, transportation, storage and assembly.
Most plastics are generally maintenance free
and have good corrosion resistance
 Thermal insulation of plastic is higher than
other material.
- used extensively as wall & ceiling insulation in both
cast-in-place (as foamed insulation) and precast
constructions (as rigid insulation)
Plastics can be molded to any shape and pattern.
Plastic products come in variety of colors & textures.
- Manufactured plastics have good surface finish and
may not require maintenance.
- Its availability in many color & texture makes it
commonly used for floor, wall tiles & countertops.
Plastics can be manufactured with consistent quality.
 Disadvantages Of Plastic
It has low stiffness and strength which make
it can be used for load bearing construction
- It is subject to creep, that is the increase in
deformation, under load, with time
- Rate of creep of plastic higher than concrete
- Creep deformation increases with stress level
- Therefore, plastics become dimensionally
unstable under load.
 Plastics are combustible/flammable material.
Plastics emits toxic gases such as carbon
monoxide during burning.
Plastics may emit dense smoke, thereby
making escape more difficult.
- Shouldnt be used in exits areas of building
such as around stairways and corridors
Expensive and subject to uncertainties arising

for the oil price fluctuations.

Acoustical insulation of plastic is poor.
 Modified Plastic
Addition substances can be added to the
plastic during manufacturing process to
improve the properties of the plastic.
Plasticizers to soften the plastic & make it
easier for shaping.
Antioxidants prevent degradation by light
and heat.
Colorants give color to plastic
Fibers to improve strength of thermoplastic &
thermosets
 Fiber Reinforced Plastic
For application requiring very high tensile strength
Fibers added not only increase stiffness & strength
but also reduce shrinkage, improve abrasion
resistance & provide dimensional stability to plastic
resin.
This is a light weight, high strength & corrosion
resistance material.
In civil engineering application for pedestrian
bridges, bridge repair and as prestressing tendons.
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GOOD LUCK