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The normal flow of the river is not distributed (water is not materially
away from the river.)
There is no significant storage.
A weir or barrage is built across a river
The power house is normally in the main course of the river
Preferred in perennial rivers with moderate to high discharge, flat slope,
little sediment and stable reach of a river.
2.Valley dam plants (medium to high head plants)
The dominant feature is the dam which creates the required storage ( to
balance seasonal fluctuation) and necessary head for the power house.
Power house is located at the toe of the dam
Water flows through the penstock embedded in the dam & enters the
power house.
Sometimes the power house is not immediately at the toe of the dam but at
some distance ( eg. the Koka power plant).
This arrangement is more expensive (due to longer conveyance) and
is used only when it offers advantages such as extra head due to
advantageous topographical conditions.
Valley Dam Plant Arrangement
Important components of a valley dam plant
Which utilize the rise in water level of the sea due to a tide
During high tide, the water from the sea-side starts rising, and the turbines
start generating power as the water flows into the bay.
As the sea water starts falling during low tide the water from the basin
flows back to the sea which can also be used to generate power provided
another set of turbines in the opposite direction are installed
3.1.5 Classification based on Operation
pHDP = GARMA-----------------------(6)
For the Kth site, the above mentioned quantities are
assigned with an index K.
Plot on the water course (river basin map) from which the optimum
values are to be chosen.
3.3. Selection of Optimum Sites
PKHDP
Sites with, highest are
selected;
Accessibility;
Remoteness from the major load
Location of power house and
center is considered;
spillway;
Absence or presence of storage;
Sediment load of the stream;
The geological formations (water
tightness of the ground); The possibility of catchment
treatment;
Natural resources;
Land use of the site (grass land
Economic development potential
agricultural land, forest);
of the area;
Availability of construction Economical viability;
materials; Environmentally habitable; and
Availability of labor forces; Social assessment.