An automated mechanism is a device or

machine that performs a specific task

and whose operation cannot be
changed.

Car windscreen wiper and toaster are automated

mechanisms
The word robot comes from the Czech robota,
meaning forced or hard labour.

A robot is a Light Heat

motor
sensor sensor
programmable
automated
machine that :
Controller
captures board
information
about its
surroundings,
processes this
information and
acts on it.
Is an electronic circuit that
performs the basic functions
of a computer:
Processing unit
Memory
Adaptation of input ans
output signals
Is a set of electronics devices that receive
information from the outside (sensors) and
generate an output response.

The output signal is compared to the input signal

to correct errors and adjust the control action
to the value we requiere
Basic elements:
Microcontroller
input ports
Output ports
1Light sensor
2 Temperature sensor
3 Limit sensor
4 Ultrasonic sensor(how far away an object is)
5 Infrared sensor (differenciate between black and
white)
 LEDS:
Have polarity so we
have to connect
the anode and
the cathode
correctly.
They need a resistor
of approximately
220 connected
in series to
withstand (resistir)
the current.
 They have three wires: one for power,
one for ground, and one for the control
signal.
There are two types: a standard rotation
servo and a continuous rotation servo.
 The standard rotation
servo can rotate 180
degrees with precision.
The continuous rotation
servo is similar to a DC
motor and can spin in
both directions, but not
as fast. You can
control both the speed
and the direction.
 TEST LED:
 Within the
Components tab
you will find the
send block. This
block will allow
you to send
information
through the
serial port to your
computer.
 Let's make a small example of how to
send a message to the board, that it
receives it, and repeat it as if it were an
echo by writing it through the serial port.
 If the message is different than an
empty word, that is, if we have sent
something, we will return the
information stored in the message
variable to see it on the serial monitor.
This example will be useful on many occasions. If
you want the program to react only to a word,
modify the previous program by entering the
keyword inside the text block.
 This example will be useful on many
occasions. If you want the program to
react only to a word, modify the previous
program by entering the keyword inside
the text block.
 Programming a counter:
If we would like to program a counter to, for
example, control the capacity of a football
stadium:
We declare the global variable number equal
to 0. In this way, every time we start the
program, we start counting from 0.
On the other hand, we declare the local
variable button equal to 1 or pressed, and
using a conditional, we program that each
press adds an additional person. Since we
want it to run continuously, this variable is local
and located in the main loop.
It is not necessary
in this test program
to connect the
light sensor to see
the signal in the
serial monitor,
since the analog
input is very
sensitive and sends
signals even
without any sensor
connected
Before connecting the push-
button, you need to
remember what type of
sensor it is. Analogical or
digital ?

The button can return

two values:
1->pressed
and
0->not pressed, which is
why it is a digital sensor.
But be careful! Other
types can work in the
opposite way.
 We are going to
use a
potenciometer,
a breadboard
and three wires
 Through this
program controller
board sends the
value of the
potenciometer to
the computer
each 2 seconds