IRSC 2007, Goa, India

Railway Safety Plan and Its

Status in Korea
Sanglog Kwak*, Jonbae Wang, Yunok Cho, Hyukjin Yoon

Korea Railroad Research Institute

National Railway Safety R&D Program Office
About KRRI :
Korea Railroad Research Institute

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About KRRI :
Korea Railroad Research Institute
Founded in 1996, financed by Korean government
246 individuals works for railway R&D division and national project
division
Key research area
Rolling stock, track & civil engineering, signaling & electrical
engineering, railway policy & operation
National projects
High speed train development , upgrading conventional railway, design
urban rail transit system, transportation technology, Trans-Korean
railway construction
National safety R&D program from 2004
Homepage : www.krri.re.kr

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Background :
General information in Korea
3.7 billion passenger moved 65.4 billion passenger-km
Railway take more than 25% of passenger-km
Passenger-km increase 2% every year
10 TOC operate 99 lines(4,000km)
Korail operate 80 lines(3,380km)
9 Metro TOC operate 16 lines(500km)
1,050 station, 1,510 level crossing(26 accidents, 3 fatalities)
60% of lines are electrified
280 individuals work on safety management
460 accidents, 190 fatalities (40% are attempted suicide)
Experience based safety management Risk based safety management
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Background : Safety Status

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 Background : Safety Status

Improving safety from 2004

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 Background : Accident Cause
National rail : 253 accidents, Metro : 207 accidents

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Background :
Environmental Change in Korea
Passengers concern on safety
Structural reform of railway industries
Separation of operator and infrastructure manager

Change of Health and Safety Act at Work (working hours, shift work)

Metro related accident increase

Increase number of attempted suicide and slip in the platform

Aging of population
KTX (Korea Train eXpress) operation from 2004
Preparation of international Railway connection
TSR (Trans Siberian Railway)

TKR (connection of the North and South Korean Railway)

Electrification of conventional line

Increasing railway hazards but no railway safety plan by 2004
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Background :
Application of Railway Safety Act

Railway Safety Act 2004

Daegue subway train fire accident (191 fatalities)
Safety Planning (from 2006, annual)
National wide railway safety program
Construction of SMS & Safety Case approval (from 2006, biennial)
Risk Management (from 2008, biennial)
Safety inspection (from 2006 , biennial)
Safety technology R&D
Accident investigation
Etc.
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The 1st Railway Safety Plan

TFT from all railway safety related organizations in 2005

Government, TOCs, research institute joins
Determine 77 safety measures, budget, schedule
Requirements for safe operation of the railway system
Environmental change for railway safety
Current problems and limitation on safety
In relation with other plan
Accident analysis & Risk analysis
Many iterative work among organization
The 1st Railway Safety Plan was released in 2006
Establish annual safety plan from 2006
Progress management from 2006

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Safety Plan in Korea

The 6th Transportation Safety Plan

Transportation Safety Act(1979)

Including all transportation modes Road Traffic safety is major concern

Government and TOCs establish plan

Passenger & public safety

The 1st Railway Safety Plan(2005)

Railway Safety Act (2004)

All the railway safety related organization have to prepare

Need for approval of government

SMS, safety measure, schedule, results, budget

National safety target and safety index

Risk management included

Passenger, public, and staff safety

Covers all railway related accidents

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Safety management
organizations
National organization
Government (MOCT): safety budget, safety policy, safety target, safety
case policy, safety plan, safety standard
ARAIB : accident investigation, Part of MOCT
KOTSA : Competency & safety information management, safety case
approval & safety inspection
KRRI : establishment of safety rules & standards (draft), guidelines,
manuals, risk assessment, safety technology research, support expert to
MOCT & ARAIB, KOTSA
Korea Rail Network Authority : infrastructure structure manager

Private organization
Korail : operate passenger & freight train, traffic control, track &
station maintenance. (Korea National Rail from 2004)
Metro operating company : 7 metro funded by regional governments
Private TOCs
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Safety Measures & Budget
in 2007
The 1st Railway Safety Plan (2006-2010)
Safety measure in 6 field, 77 projects (6 billion USD )
Reducing 40% of accidents and fatalities
Safety Plan in 2006
Staff management 13 projects, 31mil. USD
Upgrading safety infrastructure : 13 projects. 392 mil. USD
Rolling stock safety management 16 projects, 558 mil. USD
Establishment of SMS : 11 projects, 1 mil. USD
Accident investigation and emergency response system : 14
projects, 7 mil. USD
R&D on Safety technology : 10 projects, 16mil. USD

Important measures are listed in the paper

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Safety Measures :
Staff management
Train driver license regulation from 2006
Management on competency, aptitude test, physical examination, experience on
route, education
Daily examination of driver before on board
Sleeping time, alcohol / drug test
Testing tools and question sheet
Monitoring of high risk staff
Accident related personal, novice driver, etc.
Change of persons habit or misunderstanding on work
Training program for safety critical work
Operation and development of training program
Evaluation of training program, incentive on staff for safety activity
Preparation of track work guideline
Working and planning process
Train warning system, installation of safe area on working place 14
Safety Measures :
Infrastructure safety
High risk 466 level crossing
Change into over bridge

Install obstruction detector

Platform
Screen Door installation

Safety fence & CCTV

Emergency train stop button in platform & communication System

Fire Safety
Emergency evacuation tunnel

Toxic gas ventilation system

Warning system, smoke detector, emergency light

Etc.

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Safety Measure :
Rolling stock safety
Application of safety standard for collison, derailment, and fire
Interior material change : Non-toxic gas release in case of fire
Risk assessment for design approval
Discharging old rolling stock(> 25years)
Installation & Upgrade : signaling, comm. System
Upgrading rolling maintenance equipments
Etc.

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Safety Measure :
Safety Management System
Regulation for Safety Case (2006), Risk Assessment (2008)
Regulation for Trespass, level crossing management
Regulation for R/S design approval and verification
SMS for dangerous freight transportation
SMS will be developed in relation with R&D results

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Safety Measure :
Accident Investigation &
crisis management
Establishment of ARAIB
Expertise in investigation
Cooperation system with other organizations
Design & construction of accident and safety information system
Publishing railway safety white paper
Construction of preliminary traffic control center for emergency
response
Establishment of security and terror response system
Advertisement on emergency response

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Safety Measure : Safety
technology R&D
System engineering for the interface control of research topics
System safety application( including risk assessment)
R&D on human factors, training system using simulator
Testing and evaluation technique for major accident (including
testing infrastructure installation)
Design and construction of an safety information management
system
Development of emergency action guideline for designed accident
scenarios
Development of intelligent level crossing and the improvement of
safety performance
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Transition to Risk Based
Safety Management
Current national R&D program for railway safety
System safety & system engineering
Establishment of safety management system
Development of assessing & preventing techniques for major
accidents
13 programs are based on risk assessment
Results will be reflected in the next safety plan, regulations and rules

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Conclusions and future plan

Railway safety plan and its status are presented

1st Railway safety plan became the basis of safety activities
Safety measures and current status in 6 fields are introduced
20% of accidents reduced, 4% of passenger increase during
2years
Problems will be reflect in the next plan
Resistance on new regulation and standards
Lack of expertise on small TOCs safety management
organization.
Consistency among regulation, plans, and standard
Different schedule between activity and safety budget
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Thank you
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National R&D on railway
safety
1. System engineering and project management
2. Hazard analysis and risk assessment for safety management
3. Establishment of a management system for the human error and the assessment of aptitude
4. Establishment of a training system using simulators for the human error management
5. Establishment of safety standards and management system for infrastructure
6. Establishment of safety standards and management system for rolling stocks
7. Establishment of safety standards and management system for safety critical S/W
8. Establishment of safety standards and management system for dangerous freight operation
9. Development of emergency action guidelines for designed accident scenarios
10.Design and construction of an safety management information system
11. Development of test and evaluation techniques for the fire resistance of rolling stocks and
infrastructures
12. Development of test and evaluation techniques for collision and the improvement of safety
performances
13. Development of test and evaluation techniques for derailment and the improvement of safety
performances
14. Development of test and evaluation techniques for train control system and the improvement
of safety performances
15. Development of intelligent level crossing and the improvement of safety performances 25