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Introduction to Cams
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Edge cams
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Cylindrical cams:
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PEAR-SHAPED CAMS:
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CIRCULAR CAMS:
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HEART SHAPED CAMS:
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Cam followers:
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The knife edge follower:
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The roller follower:
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The flat foot or mushroom follower:
This has the advantage that the only side thrust present is that
due to the friction between the follower and the cam. The
problem of wear is not so great as with the knife-edge follower,
since the point of contact between the cam and follower will
move across the face of the follower according to the change
of shape of the cam. A trick to lessen further the effect of wear
is to design the follower to be capable of axial rotation and
arrange the axis of the follower to lie to one side of the cam.
Thus the contact with the cam will tend to cause rotation of the
follower. The cam profile, to work with a flatfoot follower, must
be convex at all parts, in order to prevent the corners of the
follower digging into the cam profile. The minimum cam radius
should be as small as possible to minimize sliding velocity and
friction.
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Displacement diagrams
Design requirements in the part of the machine under
consideration will dictate the type of movement
required in the cam follower. This is then translated
into the profile of a cam, which will give the follower
the required motion. When designing this profile the
movement of the follower is usually considered in four
separate sections: the period when the follower is at
the bottom of its movement, called the bottom dwell;
the movement required during the rise or lift of the
follower; the period when the follower remains at the
top of its movement, called the top dwell; and the
movement required when the follower returns to the
bottom position.
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Uniform (constant) velocity:
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Uniform acceleration and retardation.
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Simple harmonic motion with a roller follower
animation
Cam data
In-line roller follower, diameter 12 mm,
minimum cam diameter 50 mm,
total rise 42 mm, both rise and fall have simple
harmonic motion,
0 to 90 degrees bottom dwell,
90 to 180 degrees rise with simple harmonic motion,
180 to 270 degrees top dwell,
270 to 360 degrees fall with simple harmonic motion,
because this is a symmetrical cam it can rotate in
either direction.
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Uniform velocity with a knife-edge follower animation
Cam data
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Drawing the displacement diagram
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1) Draw the given cam profile.
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