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Stimulated Emission
a. Excited atoms can be stimulated into duplicating passing light
b. Photons are correlated and identical
c. Coherent light
Laser Amplification
a. Stimulated emission can amplify light
b. Laser medium contains excited atom-like systems
c. Photons must have appropriate wavelength, polarization, and
orientation to be duplicated
d. Duplication is perfect; photons are clones
Applications of Laser
Medical Uses Laser Cooling
In Communication Microscopy
Metrology Spectroscopy
Military
Advantages of Laser
Laser Surgery:
(a) Because of the very narrow 0.3 nm line width of the laser emission, there is no
interference from other gases.
(b) Response times are in the order 1 second. This allow for fine
resolution/control when making process measurements.
(c) The intense laser light concentrated at the absorption wavelength enables
path lengths up to 1 km to be measured.
(d) An average measurement is taken over the total path so that a narrow
plume of gas has less chance of escaping detection.
(e) The range of measurement can be up to 4 orders of magnitude, enabling
concentrations of 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm to be measured.
(f) Because of the internal reference cell, the system is self calibrating.
(g) There is no poisoning or degradation of the instrument with long term
exposure to a gas.
(h) Can easily be conformed to be Intrinsically Safe.
(i) Low maintenance and low operating costs.
(j) Reliable technology.
Disadvantages of Laser
Laser Surgery:
Last but not the least, I want to say that Lasers are nowadays used in
many places as it time saving & very efficient even though it is costly. Laser
has disadvantages but has many advantages due to which it has become
popular.