UMTS900 in 3.

8 MHz
Harri Holma, Tero Hanhineva, Mika Savilakso, Olli Piirainen,
Wolfgang Hasiwar, Timo Ahonp
June 2010

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Motivation

UMTS900 in 3.8 MHz makes refarming easier compared to 4.2-5.0 MHz

in those cases where the 900 MHz spectrum is limited
UMTS900 is typically used for providing better coverage, but UMTS900
can also be used as the only UMTS band in those cases where 2100
MHz is not available, for example in India only part of the operators get
2100 MHz spectrum from the auction
UMTS900 (and UMTS850) has been deployed in 4.2 MHz using NSN
Flexi base station.
These slides illustrate the expected performance with 3.8 MHz refarming
case
The basic assumption is that GSM and UMTS base stations must be co-
sited to use 3.8 MHz deployment

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UMTS900 in 3.8 MHz
Typical Indian spectrum allocation is 6.2 MHz
By using UMTS900 in 3.8 MHz leaves 12 GSM carriers
3.8 MHz allocation corresponds to 2.0 MHz GSM-UMTS carrier spacing

6.2 MHz

4.2 MHz
1xUMTS + 10 GSM carriers
WCDMA

3.8 MHz
1xUMTS + 12 GSM carriers
WCDMA
2.0 MHz
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Inter-System Interference Scenarios

GSM900 +
UMTS900 BTS
1 = Interference from GSM UE to WCDMA BTS
2 = Interference from WCDMA UE to GSM BTS
3 = Interference from GSM BTS to WCDMA UE
4 = Interference from WCDMA BTS to GSM UE
1 4 2 3

GSM900 UE UMTS900 UE

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Example Spectrum Analyzer View

2.0 MHz

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Case 1 : Interference from GSM UE to
WCDMA BTS

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Flexi Unique SW Defined Filter Allows UMTS900 in
3.8 MHz (1)
Blocking measurements with Flexi BTS shown below
The signal level for desired WCDMA signal was -122.7 dBm in the
blocking measurements
-40
-66 dBm GSM
uplink blocker
-50 can be tolerated

-60
22-24 dB higher
dBm -70 interference
tolerance
-80

Flexi tight filter

-90
Normal filter

-100
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
-2.6
-2.5
-2.4
-2.3
-2.2
-2.1
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.4

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GSM-UMTS spacing [MHz]
7 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Flexi Unique SW Defined Filter Allows UMTS900 in
3.8 MHz (2)
Flexi BTS can tolerate high GSM interference level due to tight filtering
Flexi filtering allows UMTS900 in 3.8 MHz instead of 4.6 MHz

-40
Flexi 3.8 MHz filter
Standard filter
-50

-60

UMTS in 3.8 MHz

dBm -70

-80 UMTS in 4.6 MHz

-90

-100
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
-2.6
-2.5
-2.4
-2.3
-2.2
-2.1
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.4

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GSM-UMTS spacing [MHz]
Presentation / Author / Date
GSM Uplink Rx Level
GSM uplink rx level measurements collected from European and from
Indian networks
Measurements show that there are no samples higher than -70 dBm
The power levels in India are lower than in Europe mainly due to GSM
uplink power control parameters

60%
European operator
50%
Practically no
Indian operator samples higher
than -70 dBm
40%
Distribution

30%

20%

10%

0%
< -100 -100..-95 -95..-90 -90..-80 -80..-70 >-70
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GSM uplink level [dBm]
Extreme GSM Uplink Power Levels

What happens in an extreme case if some puts GSM UE very close to

the antenna? The answer is nothing dramatic.
The measurements show that the WCDMA BTS sensitivity is only 12 dB
impact even if the GSM uplink level is as high as -50 dBm

GSM uplink blocker

WCDMA BTS
level at 2.0 MHz
sensitivity
separation

No GSM -125.8 dBm

-70 dBm -124.7 dBm

-60 dBm -119.9 dBm

-50 dBm -113.7 dBm

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Flexi BTS SW Defined Filtering

The filter parameters are defined on SW in Flexi BTS

which enables flexible configuration of the filter
properties
The filter values can be changed within a few minutes

Flexi RF
module

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Case 2 : Interference from WCDMA UE to
GSM BTS

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Interference from WCDMA UE to GSM BTS

No problem at all since WCDMA UE uses fast and accurate power

control no interference to GSM uplink

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Case 3 : Interference from GSM BTS to
WCDMA UE

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HSDPA UE Selectivity
The limiting factor is HSDPA UE selectivity
Typical UE selectivity at 2.0 MHz separation is 6-8 dB

GSM blocker Free space, full power

mid channel, band 1
66

60

54
Relative interference (CW) level [dB]

48

42
2.0 MHz
36

30

24

18
UE selectivity
6-8 dB
12

-6
-3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5
Frequency offset [MHz]

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GSM and HSDPA Power Levels

Typical HSDPA BTS power 40 W per carrier at the antenna

Typical GSM BTS power 10-20 W per carrier at the antenna
Maximum possible SNR = 9..14 dB

40W
MaxHSDPASNR 10 log 10 6..8dB
10..20W

HSDPA Ec/N0 is limited to -4..-5 dB in the best case due to GSM

interference. Ec/N0 would be -3 dB in the best case without GSM
interference.

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HSDPA Link Simulations Expect 5-11 Mbps

HSDPA max data rate with SNR=9-14 dB is approx 5-11 Mbps in fading
Pedestrian A channel

18000
2-rx 64QAM
16000
2-rx 16QAM
14000
1-rx 64QAM
12000 1-rx 16QAM
10000
kbps

8000

6000

4000 5-11 Mbps max

data rate
2000

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
G-factor [dB]
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HSDPA Measurements with GSM 2.0 MHz Offset

WN6.0 19.5-100A with Novatel MC996D Category 14 UE, FRDA 40W (WCDMA900),
CPICH 34dBm

20.12 20.28 20.31 20.24 20.06

20.20
20.00 19.85 HSDPA data 19.56 No GSM interference(Novatel)

18.00 rate 12.7 Mbps GSM900 DL interference 1x40W (8TS in use),

GSM offset +/-2.0MHz
16.00
with 10W GSM HSDPA data
GSM900 DL interference 1x20W (8TS in use),
rate 11.5 Mbps GSM offset +/-2.0MHz
14.00
12.70 with 20W GSM GSM900 DL interference 1x10W (8TS in use),
Tput [Mbps]

12.24 12.04
12.00 11.46 11.57 GSM offset +/-2.0MHz
11.08 11.08
10.38
9.83 10.51
10.03
10.00 9.09 9.55
8.94
8.28 7.98
7.30
8.00 7.02
5.95
6.00 4.90
3.97
4.00 2.58
2.08
1.72
2.00

0.00
45.3 44.8 44.3 43.8 43.3 42.8 42.3 41.8 41.3 40.8 40.3 39.8 39.3 38.8 38.3
HS-PDSCH Power [dBm]

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Notes on HSDPA Throughput Measurements

HSDPA throughput is impacted by the data pattern in GSM transmission.

The worst data pattern drops the throughput from 12.7 to 7.2 Mbps.
The impact of GSM interference is the same for 20 W GSM interference
on one side of HSDPA carrier as for 10 W GSM interference on both
sides of HSDPA carrier
If the CPICH power was too low (33 dBm), the HSDPA throughput drops.
Therefore, it is recommended to have CPICH 36 dBm and total power 40
W for UMTS in 3.8 MHz
Antenna diversity was used in the HSDPA terminal in these
measurements

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Case 4 : Interference from WCDMA BTS to
GSM UE

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HSDPA BTS Emissions to GSM UE with 3.8 and 4.2
MHz Cases
WCDMA tx power
assumed to be 2x higher
than GSM WCDMA
power spectral density is
5 dB 10*log10(2*200/3840) =
10 dB lower than GSM
>15 dB

1 2

1 = Carrier separation 2.0 MHz GSM C/I approx 15 dB

2 = Carrier separation 2.2 MHz GSM C/I better than 25 dB

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GSM Voice

C/I = 15 dB is more
than enough for Frame Error Rates (FER) for ARM HR Codecs
voice on Different C/I conditions (HR -Channel)

C/I [dB]
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0.00%

2.00%

4.00%
GSM HR
6.00% AMR 7.95 kbit/s

FER [%]
AMR 7.4 kbit/s
8.00% AMR 6.7 kbit/s
AMR 5.9 kbit/s
10.00% AMR 5.15 kbit/s
AMR 4.75 kbit/s
12.00%

14.00%

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EDGE Data Rates

C/I = 15 dB gives approx 30 kbps/TSL

C/I = 25 dB gives above 50 kbps/TSL

EGPRS - TU3 noFH

60
Throughput per TSL (Kbps)

No IR
50 IR

40 >50 kbps
MCS1 to MCS9

30

20

10 >30 kbps

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
CIR [dB]

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EDGE Measurements in Presence of HSDPA BTS
Interference

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3G Capacity Summary

Uplink capacity
Eb/N0 impact 0.4 dB from the tight filtering -10% capacity

Downlink capacity
Average other-cell interference factor (=i) in macro cells is 0.65
Maximum SNR when GSM interference present = 12 dB additional
interference 10^(-12/10) = 0.063
GSM impact to 3G downlink capacity 0.063/0.65 = -10%
This impact applies to those sites having closest GSM at 2.0 MHz separation

Summary
3G capacity is expected to reduce by -10% due to GSM interference on those
sites where GSM is on the closest carrier
The average capacity loss is expected <2% because of GSM frequency reuse
only part of the sites have GSM on the closest carrier

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Summary
HSDPA can be deployed in 3.8 MHz by using Flexi tight filtering and co-
siting of GSM and HSDPA base stations
HSDPA data rates up to 12 Mbps can be provided even if the closes
GSM carrier is just 2.0 MHz away

Case Performance summary Notes

Flexi BTS tight filtering can
Case 1: from GSM UE to Standard BTS filtering would
tolerate above -70 dBm GSM
WCDMA BTS suffer from high interference
levels. 10% impact to capacity.
No problems at all due to
Case 2: from WCDMA UE
WCDMA fast and accurate power -
to GSM BTS
control
GSM impact to WCDMA capacity
HSDPA data rate limited to 7-13
Case 3: from GSM BTS to -10% on those sites with GSM at
Mbps. 2% average impact to
WCDMA UE 2.0 MHz. Sensitive to terminal
downlink capacity
selectivity performance
GSM voice works fine. EDGE HSDPA interference impacts only
Case 4: from WCDMA
data rate >30 kbps possible (to those sites where HSDPA uses
BTS to GSM UE
be measured in India!) the closest carrier

10% less spectrum needed and up to 10% loss in capacity.

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