PROFESSIONAL STUDY

EDU 3107
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
TYPES/ COMPONENTS OF
GUIDANCE SERVICE
Types of Counseling

1. Individual
- In a specialised/ counseling room khas What else do
- Client and counsellor you know?

2. Group
- 5 to 7 members
- Counsellor as a facilitator
Individual Counselling

Individual counselling is well known and very

famous.
This type of counselling is only between a client
and the guidance teacher.
How both a client and the guidance teacher
express their attitude during the counselling
session will influece the effectiveness of this type
of counselling.
Blackham (1977)

stated that individual counselling is a unique helping

relationship where the client will be given the
opportunities to learn, appreciate, think and change
things that he considered will be beneficial for him.
 Definition of Counselling 1 ( Arbucle )
A relationship and a developing process between an
individual or some individuals that is not fully functioning
or not achieving the potentials and are having problems
that are believed cannot be solved alone and someone
who is trained professionally to provide a relationship that
is needed by the individual so that they can change the
ways which can bring to a potential development and the
ability to solve their own problem.
 Definition of Counselling 2 ( APA )

To help the individual in handling the challenges in self-

exploration, where and how, towards a maximum self-
potential development.

Committee of Definition
Division of Caunseling Psychology
American Psychological Association
 Factors in the Definition Of Counselling

The presence of two people/ group of clients and a counsellor.

Counsellor as an effective listener
Instructional process towards the client's actions
Clients are believed to solve their problem
The client usually will experience change/ improvement
Expecting to solve the problem
Group Counselling
When a guidance teacher get to know that there a many
students in school are having almost similar problems, it is
better to do a group counselling.

The content of the counselling should consider the needs

and interests of majority of the group members.

According to Cazda (1978),

A group counselling is suggested for those who have constant

or instant problems if the information obtained failed to solve
their problem.
Gibson and Mitchell (1981) defined group counselling as:

A process to help the client to manage themselves in

daily matters, about the progress and to improve the
progress.

Either it is their improvement towards their attitude,

personal relationship, understanding their gender,
values, behaviour and also in choosing a career, beside
buidling the skills in related matters.
C 1. Time
O 2. Respecting the client
U E 3. Professional relationship

N T
4. Notify the third party if the client shows the
potentials to harm himself or other people.
S
H 5. The information during the session is not for the
E public

L
I 6. The client's identity should be taken care of.

L C 7. Inform the client when they are having help

during the counselling.

I S 8. Can always consult with other counsellor.

9. If the counselor is unable to give the service, it can
N always be referred to a specialist.
G