Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Tom Overbye
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2
Presentation Overview
PowerWorld Simulator
NYPP
CORNWALL
NEPOOL
Ovals
represent
DPC ONT HYDR
SMP
MGE
DECO
WEP
WPL
CONS
operating
IPW
PENELEC PP&L
MEC
NI TE PSE&G
OE
CEI
PJM500
DLCO
MPW CILCO NIPS JCP&L
NPPD PECO
areas
OPPD AEP
LES IP METED
IESC
AE
CWLP DPL BG&E
IPL
AP
CIN PEPCO DPL
CIPS
STJO
MIPU HE
MIDW
KACY IMPA
OVEC
VP
SIGE BREC
WERE KACP EMO
Arrows
INDN SIPC EKPC
KU
LGE
EEI
ASEC
DOE YADKIN
indicate
CPLW
EMDE
OMPA GRRD SPRM
CPLE
DUKE
WEFA T V A
power flow
KAMO
SWPA
HARTWELL
SEPA-JST
OKGE
PSOK
SCE&G
in MW
SCPSA
SOUTHERN
ENTR SEPA-RBR
between
AEC
SWEP
EQ-ERCOT
CELE
LAFA SMEPA
TAL
SEC
JEA
areas
5
NI TE
CEI
CILCO NIPS
IP
CWLP DPL
IPL
CIN
CIPS
HE
IMPA
OVEC
SIGE
EMO BREC
SIPC
6
One-line Diagram
M ASS 7 65
-2 10 MV R
BR UJB 56 1
BRU JB5 69
B RUJ B56 2
ESS A
CL AI RVI L
MI LTO N
T RAF ALH 2
T RAF ALH 1
KI NTI 34 5
IN DEP
OSW EG O
9 N
MDIC PT
J A1 P ITZ P
SC RI BA
VO LN EY
CLA Y
-2 02
MA RCY
MV R
T 1
ED IC
Figure shows
transmission
DE WI TT 3
65
706 6M
7 V
5 W
6R M V
0 WR EL BRI DG E
LAF AY TTE RE YNL D3
B EC K B PA NN ELL 3
NI AG 34 5 R OC H 3 45
A LP S34 5
BE CK A 146 M VR
N .SC OT 99
MID D8 086 2 50 MW
0 MW
45 MV
0 R MV R
S TOL E3 45 1 45 MV R
G ILB 3 45
NAN TI COK
250 M W
0 M W 2 86 MV R
45 M V
0R M VR
LE EDS 3
L ONG WOO D
FR AS R34 5
29 4 MVR
OA KD L34 5 HU RLE Y 3
WA TER C3 45
PLT VLL EY
F IS HKI LL
2 94 MV R
RO SET ON
C OOP C3 45
348 M W
0 MW
262 M V
0R MVR Ind ia n P oi nt
RO CK TA V
Bu cha nan
14 3 M VR
M ill wo od
lines at 345
Ple asa nt vil le
Ea st vie w
R AM APO 5
Sh or eha m
P ort Je ff ers on
W ild woo d
S pra in Br oo k R ive rh ead
Dun wo odi e N or thp or t
Br ook hav en
Dv nptE .
lw N
oKod H olb ro ok
Tre mo nt Hm p. Ha rbGo
r r
eel aw n
SU SQ HAN A Sy oss et
P ilg ri m H olt sv ill e
Sh ore R d.
R ain ey L cst . G
Brev
t .
hpa ge
Lak e Suc ce
N s
eswb ri dge Rul an d R d.
W 49 th St . Co ro na E. G. C.
E 15 th St .
Fa rr ag
V ue t
rn on
Ja mai ca
C og eGn
ow T
aen c
uhs Va ll ey St rea m
Ba rre tt
S UN BUR Y Gre enw oo d
Go eth al s
Fr esh K ill s
F ox Hil ls
W ESC OV LE
B RA NCH BG
A LBU RT IS
HO SE NSA K
KE YST ON E
D EAN S
S MI THB RG
EL ROY
JU NIA TA
LI ME RIC K
WHI TP AIN
C ONE M-G H
3 M ILE I
01 YUK ON
20
1 5 9
03M M
VWR
kV or above
H UN TER TN PE ACH BTM
K EE NEY
10 94 MW
25 0 M VR
C NA STO NE
B RIG HTO N
W C HA PEL
8 MT ST M
08 MD WBR K
8LO UD ON
8C LIF TO N
BUR CHE S
8O X
CHA LK 500
8P OSS UM
CLV T CLF
8 MOR RSV L
22
8 7 9
3
89
2 2M
8 W
3 VRMV
W R
in Eastern
07M ERO M5
8 VA LLE Y
8D OOM S -9
8 1 3
14 MW
MV R
30 0
9 3M
0 W
V
9
0
3R0 M0
9WV RM W
VR 8 LDY SM TH
8NO A NNA
8 BA TH CO
81
- 91
7 0MM
W VR
30 9
0 3M
0 V
W
0R
9 3M
2 V
W
0R MV
9 WR
8 ELM ON T
8L EXN GT N
8MD LT HAN
8CH CKA HM
-0
8 11
2 7MW
M VR
8 SUR RY
8 SE PTA
8 CAR SO N
8Y AD KIN
U.S.
8FE NT RES
8 CL OVE R
8A NT IOC H
8S HA WNE E
8P ERS ON 8M AYO 1
8M AR SHA L
05 NAG EL
8P HIP P B
8S ULL IVA
8M ONT GO M 0 MV R
8P AR KWO D
8P L G RD N
8V OLU NT E 0 MVR
8 WI LSO N 8 WAK E
8W EA KLE Y 8B ULL R U
8R OAN E
8DA VI DSO
8 JV ILL E
8MA UR Y
8W BN P 1 8 MCG UI RE
11 29 MW
8JA CK SON 0 1 M
8V3R MV R
8FR AN KLI
8S NP 8C UMB ER L
8 SH ELB Y
8 RIC HM ON
8R ACC OO N 8J OCA SS E
8CO RD OVA
340 M VR 8BA D CRK
8OC ON EE
W M- EHV 8 8 WI D C RK
0 MVR
8MA DIS ON 8B NP 1
8FR EE POR
8B NP 2
8L IME ST O
8B FNP
8 TRI NI TY
8U NI ON
8 BOW EN
8B UL LSL U
8 BI G S HA
8N ORC RO S
8VI LLA R
8 KLO ND IK
8 UNI ON CT
8M ILL ER
8W PO INT
8W AN SLE Y
8L OWN DE S
8S . B ESS 8S CH ERE R
MCA DA M 8
8HA TC H8
8 FAR LE Y
9
Arrows
Z ION ; B
ZI ON ; R 1 9MAD RD
WEM PL; B
1 115 MW
WEMP L; R
- 185 MVR
LI BER ; R
S ILVE ; R
05 COO K
NB159;1 M
NB1 59; B
CHER R; R 600 MW
-41 MVR
CHE RR; B PH117; R
03 BAY SH
05K ENZ IE
53%
indicate MW
GOLF ; R S K 88; R
1 9MAJ TC
DP 46; B
0 5EEL KH A
05O LIVE
W 407K;9T
17HI PLE
IT ASC;1M 05J ACKS R
0 3LEM OYN
LOMBA; R
CR AWF; R
0 5DUM ONT
??? ??
flow on the
EL ECT; B 1 7DUNACR
H47 1 ; GA RFI; B
1 7STL WEL
EL ECT; R
BEDFO; R
MC COO; B C ALUM; B
SL INE; R
NELS O; B SL INE; B
BED FO;RT
17B ABCOK
0 5S.B TL R
L ISLE; B
17 SHEFLD
LI SLE; R
B URNH;1R
0 5FO STO R
17 LESB RG
S JOH ; T
17GRNA CR
P LANO ; B LOCK P; R
B LOOM ; R 1 7BUR OA K 0 5ROB PK
17ST JOHN
P LANO ; R E F RA; B
JO 29; B
E F RA; R
lines;
P LANO ; JO 29; R
W ILTO ; 0 5ALL EN
W ILT O;
17SC HAHF
D RESD ; B
D RESD ; R
0 5SO REN S
C OLLI ; R
C OLLI ;
DAV IS; B 05 E LI MA
LAS CO; B
02 GALI ON
D AVI S; R 0 8DEE DSV
L ASC O; R
BR AID; B
0 5REY NOL
BRAI D; R
piecharts
05 SW L IM
0 5DEQ UIN
08WA LTO N
0 2TA NGY
PO NTI;
show
???? ?
0 5HYA TT
0 5MAR YSV
T AZEW EL L
0 5DES OTO
PO WER ; R
05CO RRI D
P OWER ; B
09 NET AP 09CL INT O
05H AYD EN
0 5ROB ER T
percentage
DUC K CR K
BRO KA; T
0 9KIL LE N
0 5BEA TT Y
0 8NO BLS V
??? ??
0 5FAL L C
? ????
0 9BAT H
loading of
08 WHIT ST
16G UIO N
0 9GIV EN S
RIS ING 0 5EUG ENE 0 8GRN BOR
BU NSON VL
SIDN EY
1 6RO CKV L
0 8CA YUG A
M AROA W MA ROA E
ORE ANA E
16 STOU T
08 GWYN N
lines
0 8TDH NTR
09 URB ANA
???? ?
0 8WOD SDL
KA NSA S
0 8FOS TE R
69%
08DR ESS R 0 8P.U NON
KI NCA ;
07 BLO MNG
08M .FT HS
08T ERM NL
PAW NEE
P ANA
N EOGA
CA SEY
62% 08OK LND
05TA NNE R
200
6
MW
MVR 08 M.F ORT 0 8RED BK1
05M ARQU I
60%
0 5BRE ED
500 MW 0 8RED BK 2
25 MVR
05S ULLV A
R AMSE Y
0 8CO LMB U 62% 0 6PIE RC E
? ????
07ME ROM 5
08Z IME R
0 8EBE ND
C OFFE N N
0 8BUF TN 1
COF FEE N
???? ?
NEW TON
? ????
09 CAR GIL
0 8ALE NJT
0 5JE FRS O
0 8BED FRD
12GH ENT
06 CLI FTY
70%
10
show
Bus 2 3 MVR -3 MVR Bus 1
Generator
1.00 pu
percentage 200 MW
100 MVR
loading of 1.00 pu
100 MW
lines 2 MVR
-33 MW -17 MW
150 MW AGC ON
10 MVR 5 MVR 100 MW
114 MVR AVR ON
33 MW 17 MW
-10 MVR -5 MVR
Bus 3 1.00 pu
100 MW
50 MVR Load
Bus 150 MW AGC ON
35 MVR AVR ON
Circuit Breaker
11
Generation
Loads
Transmission
16 MW -16 MW
Bus 2 -3 MVR 3 MVR Bus 1
1.00 pu
200 MW
100 MVR
1.00 pu
2 MW
30 MVR
-66 MW -82 MW
150 MW AGC ON
21 MVR 27 MVR 100 MW
118 MVR AVR ON
67 MW 83 MW
-19 MVR -23 MVR
1.00 pu
Generator change
Bus 3
100 MW
indirectly changes
Generator MW 250 MW OFF AGC
50 MVR
line flow
output changed 8 MVR AVR ON
20
-152 MW 154 MW
Bus 2 37 MVR -24 MVR Bus 1
179 MW
90 MVR
150 MW AGC ON
102 MVR AVR ON
22
Interconnected Operation
Operating Areas
Initially Bus 2
-29 MW
6 MVR
29 MW
-6 MVR Bus 1
area flow 1.00 pu
214 MW
is not 107 MVR
1.00 pu
controlled 121 MW
-3 MVR
-35 MW -8 MW
150 MW AGC ON
11 MVR 2 MVR 100 MW
124 MVR AVR ON
35 MW 8 MW
-10 MVR -2 MVR Area 2
Home Area
Bus 3 1.00 pu
-12 MW 12 MW
Bus 2 2 MVR -2 MVR Bus 1
1.00 pu
255 MW 20.0
128 MVR
1.00 pu
10.0 106 MW
Inadvertent Interchange
-22 MW 22 MW
Bus 2 4 MVR -4 MVR Bus 1
1.00 pu
214 MW
107 MVR
1.00 pu
100 MW
2 MVR
-42 MW -22 MW
150 MW AGC ON
13 MVR 7 MVR 100 MW
124 MVR AVR ON
42 MW 22 MW
-12 MVR -6 MVR Area 2
Home Area
Bus 3 1.00 pu
Generator Costs
Y-axis 10000
tells
cost to 7500
produce
Fuel-cost ($/hr)
specified 5000
power
(MW) in Current generator
2500
$/hr operating point
0
0 150 300 450 600
Generator Power (MW)
33
Example Generator Marginal Cost
Curve
20.0
Y-axis Incremental cost ($/MWH)
tells
15.0
marginal
cost to
10.0
produce Current generator
one more operating point
MWhr in 5.0
$/MWhr
0.0
0 150 300 450 600
Generator Power (MW)
34
Economic Dispatch
Power Transactions
-31 MW 31 MW
Bus 2 6 MVR -6 MVR Bus 1
1.00 pu
Overloaded 340 MW
170 MVR
line 1.00 pu
1 MW
112% 38 MVR
-159 MW -130 MW
150 MW AGC ON
55 MVR 44 MVR 100 MW
232 MVR AVR ON
163 MW 112% 133 MW
-41 MVR -35 MVR Area 2
Home Area
Bus 3 1.00 pu
Security Constrained ED
Multi-Area Operation
Area 1.05 pu
44 MW -42 MW -31 MW
0.99 pu
31 MW 80 MW
30 MVR
3 4
Top 1
62 MW 106 MW -37 MW 110 MW -32 MW
1.00 pu
Area Left has one bus Area Right has one bus
41
Scheduled
flow
Left Right between
Area Losses 40.1 MW Area Losses areas
0.33 MW 0.0 MW 0.65 MW
42
Area Losses
Top 9.45 MW
Losses
4.8 MW
-4.8 MW went up
0.0 MW 0.0 MW from
7.09
MW
Left Right
Area Losses 104.8 MW Area Losses
0.00 MW 100.0 MW 4.34 MW
Transmission Service
Transmission Service
NSP CORNWALL
NEPOOL
WPS
NYPP
ONT HYDR
DPC
Arrows
SMP
MGE
DECO
WEP
WPL
CONS
indicate
IPW
PENELEC PP&L
MEC
NI TE PSE&G
OE
CEI
PJM500
DLCO
MPW CILCO NIPS JCP&L
the
PECO
OPPD AEP
IP METED
IESC
AE
CWLP DPL BG&E
IPL
basecase
AP
flow
VP
SIGE BREC
KACP EMO
between
EEI
ASEC
DOE YADKIN
CPLW
EMDE
GRRD SPRM
areas
CPLE
DUKE
T V A
KAMO
SWPA
HARTWELL
SEPA-JST
PSOK
SCE&G
SCPSA
SOUTHERN
ENTR SEPA-RBR
AEC
SWEP
47
Power Transfer Distribution Factors
(PTDFs)
PTDFs are used to show how a particular
transaction will affect the system.
Power transfers through the system according to
the impedances of the lines, without respect to
ownership.
All transmission players in network could be
impacted, to a greater or lesser extent.
48
PTDFs for Transfer from Wisconsin
Electric to TVA
NSP CORNWALL
WPS
19%
10% SMP
DPC
54%
MGE
55%
DECO
ONT HYDR
NYPP
Piecharts
indicate
8%
WEP
7%
WPL 10%
CONS
7%
IPW
22% 55% PENELEC PP&L
percentage
MEC
8% NI TE
OE
CEI
7% 8%
16% 39% 7% DLCO
PJM500
MPW CILCO 8% NIPS
NPPD
OPPD
13% PECO
of transfer
AEP
LES IP METED
IESC
that will
AP
CIN PEPCO
CIPS
STJO
MIPU HE
MIDW
KACY IMPA
OVEC
9%
flow
11% VP
SIGE
WERE 8% KACP EMO
BREC
KU
between
LGE 9%
EEI
ASEC 13% 19%
6% 7% 8%
YADKIN
DOE
CPLW
specified
EMDE 10%
OMPA GRRD SPRM
7% CPLE
11%
DUKE
WEFA
T V A
KAMO
SWPA
25% 20%
11% HARTWELL
SEPA-JST
areas
OKGE
PSOK
SCE&G
SCPSA
SOUTHERN
6%
ENTR SEPA-RBR
49
NSP
WPS
19%
DPC
55%
100% of
54%
10% SMP
MGE
DECO
transfer
8%
WPL 10% WEP
CONS
7%
leaves
7%
IPW
22% 55% Wisconsin
Electric
MEC
8% NI TE
8% 16% 39% 7%
(WE)
7% MPW CILCO 8% NIPS
OPPD
13%
IP
IESC
CWLP DPL
9% 7% IPL 6%
CIN
CIPS
STJO
MIPU
50
About
SIPC EKPC
KU
LGE
EEI
19%
8%
100% of
6% 7%
DOE
CPLW
YADKIN transfer
10%
arrives at
DUKE
TVA
TVA
11% HARTWELL
20%
SEPA-JST But flow
25%
does NOT
SOUTHERN
SCE&G
SCPSA follow
contract
SEPA-RBR path
51
Contingencies
Reactive Power
Reactive Power
-152 MW 154 MW
Bus 2 37 MVR -24 MVR Bus 1
Voltage Magnitude
Voltage Regulation
Voltage Control
Conclusion