RITUAGRAWAL

IND EX
Content
1. Dental plaster
2. Dental stone
3. Die stone
4. Pumice
5. Alginate
6. Impression compound
7. separating media
8. Modeling wax
9. Carving wax
10. Blue inlay wax
11. Sticky wax
12. Green stick compound
13. Spacer wax
14. Beading wax
15. Boxing wax
16. Shellac base plate
17. Microfilled hybrid composition
18. Posterior composites
19. Flowable composites
20. Acid etchant
21.Bonding agent
22.Compules
23.Spill packs
24.Elastomeric impression material
25.Metal pellets
26.Casting ring with investment material
27.Ring liner
28.Sprue former
29.Sprue
30.Crucible
31.Metal button with sprue former and reservoir
32.Casting failure
33.Maxillary edentulous perforated tray
34.Mandibular edentulous perforated tray
35.Maxillary and Mandibular edentulous non-perforated tray
36.Maxillary perforated dentulous rim lock tray
37.Mandibular perforated dentulous rim lock tray
38.Maxillary plastic perforated tray
39.Universal sectional tray
40.Sectional tray
1.DENTALPLASTER
Composition
Betahemihydrates
Potassiumsulphate
Borax
Coloringandflavoringagent
Modifiers
uses
Formakingstudycast

Tomakemoldforcuringdenture

Formountingcastonarticulator

Advantages
Inexpensiveandeasytouse

Excellentdimensionalstability

Disadvantages
Irregularandporous

Lessstabilityandhardness
2.DENTALSTONE
Composition
Alphahemihydrates
23%colouringmatter
Potassiumsulphate
Uses
Formakingmastercastandmoulds
Formakingcompleteorpartialdentureconstruction
Advantages
Goodstrengthandsurfacehardness
Perfecthandlingconsistency
Disadvantages
MorecompressivethanPOP
3.DIESTONE
Composition
Alphahemihydrates
Autoclavedmineralgypsum

Densite

Advantages
Highstrengthsurfacehardness
Abrasiveresistance
Goodworkingtime
Disadvantages
Formakingcastordieforcrown,bridge,andinlayfabrication
Formakingconstructionforpartialandcompletedenture
4.PUMICE
Composition
Silicateofaluminum
Silicateofpotassium
Silicateofsodium
Uses
Useforabrasiveandpolishingagent
Smootheningofdenture,polishingofteethinmouth
Inpolishingtoothenamel,goldfoil,dentalamalgamand
acrylicresin
Advantages
Goodexcellentpolishingagent
Disadvantages
Cancauserespiratorydisorders,ifinhaled
5.ALGINATE
Composition
Potassiumalginate15%

Calciumsulphate16%
zincoxide4%

Fluoride3%

Diatomaceousearth60%

Sodiumsulphate2%

Potassiumtitanium

Uses
Formakingstudymodelsandorthodonticsmodelspreliminaryimpressionforcomplete

denture
Castduplication

Advantages
Easytomanipulateandmin
Comfortableforpatients
Producegoodsurfacedetails

Disadvantages
Poortearstrengthanddimensionalstability
Distortionmayoccurandcannotcorrected
6.IMPRESSIONCOMPOUND
Composition
Resin30%
Copalresin30%
Carnaubawax10%
Stearicacid5%
Talc25%
Coloringagent
Advantages
Materialcanbereusedandischeap
Doesnotproduceirritationtothepatients

Disadvantages
Difficulttoremoveundercuts
Distortion
Compressessofttissueduringimpression
7.SEPARATINGMEDIA
Types
Tinfoil
Solutionofsodiumalginatecompound
Sodiumsilicate
Softsoap
Celluloselacquers
Uses
Topreventwaterfromthemoldenteringintoresin
Topreventmonomerpenetratingintothemoldmaterialcausing
plastertoadheretoacrylicresinandproduceroughsurface
8.MODELINGWAX
Composition
Paraffinwax
Carnaubawaxbeewax
Naturalandsyntheticresin
Microcrystalline
Uses
Toformdesiredcontourofthedentureafterteethareset
Tomakeocclusalrim
9.CARVINGWAX.
Composition
Syntheticandpolymericmaterialfillerandcoloring
agents
Beewax
Use
fortoothcarvingprocedureindentalanatomy
Fordemonstrationpurpose

10.BLUEINLAYWAX
Composition
Paraffinwax4060%
Ceresin10%
Gumdammar1%
Candellilawax
Syntheticwax
coloringagent

Uses
Thewaxpatternforinlays,crowns
Forrpdandfpd

Advantages
Goodflowensuregoodreproductionoftheinlayscavity
Waxesvaporsalmostduringburnout
11.STICKYWAX
Composition
Yellowbeewax
Resin
Naturalresinsuchasgumdammar
Uses
Forjoiningmetalpartsbeforesoldering
Forjoiningbrokendenturebeforerepairprocedure
Advantages
Itisfirmandfreefromtackiness
Disadvantages
brittle
12.GREENSTICKCOMPOUND
composition
Resin30%

Copalresin30%

Carnaubawax10%

stearicacid5%

Talc25%

Colouringagents

Uses
Formakingpreliminaryimpressioninanedentulousmouth
Formakingindividualtoothimpression

Tocheckundercutsininlayspreparation

Advantages
Lowfusingpoint

Accuracycanbeobtainedthroughflowingofsurface

Disadvantages
Distortionduetoitspoordimensionalstability
Difficulttoremoveiftheresevereundercuts
13.SPACERWAX
Composition
Ceresin

Beeswax

Microcrystalline

Naturalwax

Uses
ForRPD

Provideschronicrelieftotheoraltissues

Preventingdirectcontactofmonomerwiththecast

14.BEADINGWAX
Uses
Formakinglandofthecastadaptedaroundtheperipheryoftheimpression

Controlstheformandthicknessoftheborder

Preservestheextensionoflandmarks

Advantages
Conservestheartificialstone

Controlsthethicknessofbaseofthecast
15.BOXINGWAX
Uses
Tobuilduptheverticalwallsaroundtheimpression,topour
thestoneandmakeacast
Toproducedesiredsizeinfromofthebaseofthecast
Advantages
Controlsthethicknessoftheborders
Preservestheextensionandlandmarks
16.SHELLACBASEPLATEWAX
Composition
Paraffinwax

Beeswax

carnaubawax

Naturalorsyntheticresin

Microcrystalline

Uses
Tomakeocclusalrims

Toformthecontourofthedenturesafterteethareset

Touseinconstructionoftemporarydenturebase

Advantages
Inexpensive

Easytomanipulate

Readapted

Disadvantages
Caneasilybreak

Chipofforloseitspropertybyoverheating
17.MICROFILLEDHYBRIDCOMPOSITE
Composition
Colloidalsilicafiller
Inorganicfiller
Softorfriableglasssuchasstrontiumandbariumcomposites
ismaderadioopaque
Uses
Toothcolouredrestorativematerial
Foranteriorrestoration
Advantages
Producessmoothnessrestorativesurface
Clinically,verywearresistance
18.POSTERIORCOMPOSITE
Situationinwhichimprovedcondensabilityis
needed.
TYPES:
Directposteriorcomposite.

Indirectposteriorcomposite.

COMPOSITION:
Inorganicfiller.

ADVANTAGE:Needforconstructionoftooth
surfacetominimizethermalcondition.
DISADVANTAGE:Nonesthetic.
19.FLOWABLECOMPOSITES
Basedoncuringmechanism
Chemicallyactivated

Selfcure

Heatactivated

Basedonsizesoffillerparticle

Conventional

Smallparts

Microfilled

Hybrid

Use
Restorationofanteriorteeth
Usedaslinerincavity
Advantages
Flowstodeeperareaofrestoration
20.ACIDETCHANT
Uses
Improvesthebondandmarginalsealbetweenresinand
enamel
Createsmicroporositybyselectivediffusionofenamelrod
centresorperipheriesorboth
Increaseareawhenpolymerisedformsofresintags
Advantages
Killmicrobesinthesurface
Increasesretentionofrestoration
Disadvantages
Etchingbymoreconcentrationaciddamagethepulp
21.BONDINGAGENT
1stgenerationenamelwereetchnotweredentine,
glycerophosphoricaciddimethacrlylatewasused
2ndgenerationNPGGMAsystembutstillbondstrength
werelow
3rdgenerationbondstrengthimproveto1215mpa
4thgenerationconsistofconditioner,primertheadhesive
5thgenerationconsistselfprimingadhesive
6thgenerationtype1(2bottle2stepssystem)
type2(2bottle1stepsystem)
7thgenerationnomixselfetchingadhesive
22.COMPULES
Universalcompositedrestorationmaterial
Canbeusedforaestheticrestoration
Advantages
Aesthetics
23.SPILLPACKS
Uses
Useinsteadofamalgam
Universalcompositematerial
Resinbasedmaterial
Canbeusedforposterioraestheticmaterial
24.ELASTOMERICIMPRESSIONMATERIAL
Additionsilicones

Composition
.Base
Polymethylhydrogensiloxane

othersiloxaneprepolymerfiller

.Accelerator

Divinylpolysiloxane

Othersiloxaneprepolymers

Platinumsaltcatalyst

Palladiumhydrogenabsorberretarder

Fillers

Uses
Theyareideallyelasticandmostdimensionallystableimpressionmaterialamongall
ForRPDANDFPD

Biteregistration

Advantages
Shortsettingtime
Extremelyhighaccuracy

NodistortionOnremoval

Disadvantages
H2gasevolutioninthereaction
Hydrophilicmaterial,needsdryfield
25.METALPELLETS
Composition
Nickel6181%
Chromium1127%
Molybdenum29%
Uses
Protectsthecontentsfromenvironmentalcontacts
Advantages
Doesnottarnishorcorrode
26.CASTINGRINGWITHINVESTMENTMATERIAL
Thehotcastingringisshiftedfromtheburnoutfurnacestothe
castingmachine
Uses
Allowedformouldexpansion
Permiteasyremovaloftheinvestmentaftercasting
27.RINGLINER
Types
.Fibrousceramicaluminoussilicates
.Cellulose

.Ceramiccellulosecombination

Uses
.Alloysformoldimpression
.Easyremovalofinvestmentaftercasting

28.SPRUEFORMER
Composition
Madeofwaxrubberandmetal
Uses
Incastingprocedure
Inconstitutesthebaseofcastingduringinvestment

Advantages
Forfoldingcastingringinposition
Restrictexpansionofthemold
29.SPRUE
CompositionMadeofwax,plasticormetal
Uses
.Toformmountforthewaxpattern
.Tocreatechannelforeliminationofwaxduringburnout

.Toformchannelforentryofmoltenalloyduringcasting

Type
.Waxsprue
.Solidplasticsprue

.Plasticsprue

.Metalsprue

.Resinsprue

.Woodensprue

30.CRUCIBLE
Uses
.Heatresistantcontainerusedincasting
4typescarbon,clay,quartzandzirconiaalumina

Claycrucibleformerforcrownandbridgealloy
31.METALBUTTONSWITH
SPRUEANDRESERVOIR
AFTERCASTING
Uses
.Sprueformamountforthewaxpattern

.Spruecreate

.Channelforinterofmoltenalloyduringcasting

.Ithasattachedsprueonit

Baseiscalledasabutton

Reservoirattachedonthetopofthesprue

32.CASTINGFAILURE
Defects
Duetoinsufficientalloy
Backpressureporosity
Alloynotabletoenterthinpartsofmould
Lowpressure
33.MAXILLARYEDENTULOUSPERFORATEDTRAY
Composition
Stainlesssteel
Uses
Forimpressionofmaxillaryedentulousmouth
Advantages
Perforatedblockthematerialandprovideretention
34.MANDIBULAREDENTULOUSPERFORATEDTRAY
Composition
Stainlesssteel

Uses
Forimpressionofmandibularedentulousmouth
35.Maxillaryandmandibularedentulousnonperforated
tray
Uses
Forimpressionofmaxillaryandmandibularedentulousmouth

36.Maxillaryperforateddentulousrimlocktray
Uses
Forimpressionofmaxillarydentulousmouth

Advantages
Retentionofmaterial
37.MANDIBULARPERFORATEDDENTULOUSRIMLOCK
TRAY
Uses
Forimpressionofmandibulardentulousmouth
AdvantagesHelpstoretain
MaterialusedAlginate

38.MAXILLARYPLASTICPERFORATEDTRAY
Uses
Forimpressionofmaxillarydentulousmouth
Disadvantages
Cantbeusedforedentulousmouth
39.UNIVERSALSECTIONALTRAY
CompositionStainlesssteel
Advantages
Cantakeimpressionofanysegmentofthearch

40.SECTIONALTRAY
CompositionStainlesssteel
Uses
Fortakingimpressionofaspecificquadrantofeacharch